Theories of Motivation

Motivation
Motivation is the characteristic that helps you achieve your goal. It is the
drive that pushes you to work hard .It is the energy that gives you the
strength to get up and keep going - even when things are not going your
way.
Theories of Motivation
Maslow's Theory of Motivation - Hierarchy of Needs
Herzberg's otivator-hygiene theory ! two factor theory
Maslows Theory - Hierarchy of Needs
"e each have a hierarchy of needs that ranges fro #lower# to #higher.#
$s lower needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for other% higher needs to
eerge.&
Maslow's theory aintains that a person does not feel a higher need until
the needs of the current level have been satisfied.
Maslow's hierarchy pyramid
1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man (
!pplying Maslow's Needs Hierarchy - #siness Management
Physiological Motivation)
*rovide aple breaks for lunch % pay salaries that allow workers to buy
life's essentials.
+afety Needs) *rovide a working environent which is safe% relative ,ob
security% and freedo fro threats.
+ocial Needs) -enerate a feeling of acceptance% belonging by reinforcing
tea dynaics.
%steem Motivators)
.ecognize achieveents% assign iportant pro,ects% and provide status to
ake eployees feel valued and appreciated.
&elf-!ct#ali'ation(
/ffer challenging and eaningful work assignents which enable innovation%
creativity% and progress according to long-ter goals.
Two )actor Theory - Her'"erg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory
(. 0rederick Herzberg perfored studies to deterine which factors in an
eployee's work environent caused satisfaction or dissatisfaction.
1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man 1
!pplying Two factor Theory in #siness management
The ,ob should have sufficient challenge to utilize the full ability of the
eployee.
2ployees who deonstrate increasing levels of ability should be given
increasing levels of responsibility.
If a ,ob cannot be designed to use an eployee's full abilities% then the fir
should consider autoating the task or replacing the eployee with one who
has a lower level of skill.
If a person cannot be fully utilized% then there will be a otivation proble
*ecision Ma+ing
The process of e3aining your possibilities options% coparing the and
choosing a one aount the.
*ecision Ma+ing
*erception
*riority
$cceptability
.isk
.esources
-oals
4alues
5eand
+tyle
6udgent
1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man 7
&teps in *ecision Ma+ing , - Cs of *ecision Ma+ing
Constr#ct
o 8onstruct a clear picture of what ust be decided.
Compile
o 8opile a list of re9uireents that ust be et
Collect
o 8ollect inforation on the alternatives that eet the re9uireent
Compare
o 8opare the alternatives that eets the re9uireent
Consider
o 8onsider what ight go wrong with the each alternative
Commit
o 8oit to a decision and follow through with it.
.eadership
o It is a process by which a person influences others to accoplish an ob,ective
: directs the organization in a way that akes it ore cohesive and coherent.
How To ecome a .eader
Trait Theory
o +oe personality traits ;<uality= ay lead people naturally into leadership
roles.
/reat %vents Theory
o $ 8risis or iportant event ay brings up leadership 9ualities in an ordinary
person
1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man >
Transformational .eadership Theory
o *eople can choose to becoe leaders
o *eople can lean leadership skills
0 Ma1or )actors in .eadership
o ?eader
o 0ollower
o 8ounication
o +ituation
Principles of .eadership
o @now yourself and seek self iproveent
o Ae technically proficient
o +eek responsibility and take responsibility for your action
o Make sound and tiely decisions
o @now your people and look out for their well being
o @eep your people infored
o 5evelop responsibility in your people
o 2nsure that the tasks are understood% supervised and accoplished
o Train as a tea
o Bse the full capabilities of your organization
Process involved in planning
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o defining the ob,ectives of planning to be ade
o defining the proble re9uiring decision
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o $ll necessary background inforation should be obtained. 8ertainly all
available facts% opinion% data have to be collected
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o Identifying possible alternatives
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1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man C
o evaluation the proposed actions
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o selection of the best alternative
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1.1 Management Concept Prepared y !"d#l $ah#man D