Performance Criteria Production Technology

Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill

Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
Well Performance Management
Well Flow
Modeling
Predict the rate at which a well
should be capable of
producing, given reservoir and
fluid properties, wellbore
configuration, and flowing
wellhead pressure. Identify
and remediate under-
performing wells.
1.1
Describe typical well
completions in his area. What
are the reservoir conditions
(initial and actual), magnitude
of drawdown and actual
production?
Describe basic reservoir
engineering concepts
(porosity, permeability,
saturation, etc). Explain
typical production strategy.
Explain the concept of Nodal
Analysis and how to calculate
Inflow Performance. What is
the critical rate to lift liquids.
List the assumptions for
decline curve analysis.
Describe how to estimate
permeability, skin factor and
drainage area from production
data and using Nodal
Analysis.
Design the appropriate
wellbore configuration for a
predefined type of well for
given initial and projected
reservoir inflow performance,
surface conditions, and
produced fluid constituents.
Explain how to forecast future
performance from historical
production trends and from
known reservoir properties.
Describe production
prediction of multilaterals.
Identify components of
Bernoulli's equation. Describe
factors that govern flow in
vertical, inclined, and
horizontal flowlines. Explain
components of pressure drop
in these three cases. List
appropriate correlations for oil
and gas.
Design the appropriate tubing
size, wellbore configuration
for surface conditions such as
operations onr high pressure,
high temperature completions
with substantial non-
hydrocarbon components.
Evaluate horizontal wells
performance.
Explain reservoir engineering
concepts for horizontal wells,
productivity of horizontal
wells.
Compare water and gas
coning in vertical and
horizontal wells.

Production
Enhancement

Integrated reservoir review on
a team approach to identify
opportunities and select
candidates for optimum
reservoir exploitation, nodal
analysis techniques,
economic and risk analysis of
the portfolio and
implementation of the well
intervention solutions and
potential consequences.
1.2
Describe various techniques
(isovariables mapping,
normalized production maps,
cross-sections techniques,
integrated reservoir analysis)
to identify production
opportunities.
Explain Nodal Analysis
concept and how inflow and
outflow curves are calculated.
Describe basic reservoir
engineering concepts and
explain typical production
strategy.
Explain what information is
required to perform Nodal
Analysis and what data can be
obtained from review of well
files, pressure tests, geology,
petrophysics, cased hole logs,
reserves estimation, and
production data. Describe the
trade offs between different
well path designs.
Explain how the optimum
producing configuration
depends on of initial reservoir
inflow performance, wellbore
pressure drop, and surface
Demonstrate ability to analyze
reservoir, drainage area,
completion, tubing, lift
equipment, surface network to
evaluate the production
system behavior. Based on
the analyses specify
integrated solutions and
manner in which the wells
should be monitored and
treated.
Demonstrate expertise in
selection of production
enhancement methods and
show familiarity with field

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Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill
Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
List major economic indicators
(rate of return, payback, NPV)
and show how to calculate
them.
conditions. Describe the
requirements to the wellbore
configuration over the full life
cycle of production in order to
accommodate changes in
reservoir performance and
changes in produced fluid
constituents.
Explain the concept of risk
analysis. Show application of
Monte-Carlo simulation in risk
analysis.
operations for production
enhancement.
List major economic indicators
(rate of return, payback, NPV)
and show how to calculate
them.
Explain the concept of risk
analysis. Show application of
simulation (Monte-Carlo)in
risk analysis.
.
Artificial Lift
Artificial Lift
Design
To identify requirements for
anticipated artificial assistance
to production, maximizing
recovery in a cost effective
manner. Selection and Design
of the proper production
method (Natural flow, artificial
gas lift, electrical submersible
pumps, progressive cavity
pumps, rod pumps, hydraulic
pumps)
2.1
Identify major steps in the
selection and design of an
appropriate artificial lift method
to satisfy well productivity
requirements.
Explain the concept of artificial
lift. Describe required surface
and downhole equipment.
Calculate bottomhole flowing
pressure using pressure
traverse and dynamic fluid
level data.
Supervise running artificial lift
completions.
Preliminary design of ESPs
Explain fundamentals of well
completion and of multiphase
flow in vertical/horizontal
pipes. Explain selection
procedure for the proper
artificial lift method. Calculate
inflow and outflow
performance based on the
artificial method.
Describe equipment for
artificial lift used in your area.
Participate in design and
installation of such
completions.
List steps in the ESP design.
Explain ESP performance
curves (head and efficiency
vs. capacity). Describe
requirements to ESP
installations (fluid level above
pump intake, hole deviation,
setting depth).
Demonstrate experience in
designing artificial lift methods
to satisfy well requirements,
including those in sour
environments.
Describe and explain
application of artificial lift
equipment. Demonstrate
competent ability to use
artificial lift design software.
Explain how to determine gas,
energy and diluent's
consumption. List different
types and installations of
ESP's.
Stimulation/Workovers
Acidizing
Specify and define well acid
treatment so that it satisfies
the objectives for improving
productivity and damage
removal. Knowledge in
3.1
Explain the main purpose of
acidizing (damage removal),
various types of acids, and
basic concepts for their
Characterize various types of
skin, their sources, and impact
on well deliverability .
Describe process of candidate
Can use acid treatment
design software to design
jobs.
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Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill
Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
generic formation damage
mechanisms and acidizing
candidate selection and the
correct chemical methods to
treat each case.
selection.
Describe typical field,
pumping, and production
operations.
Describe basic chemistry
concepts as related to removal
of formation damage.
selection for stimulation
Explain the concepts of
acidizing, the various
properties that are important
to acids and in preventing
precipitation during acidizing.
Identify the optimal acid fluid
for anticipated well conditions.
List several acid additives and
their purposes.
Recommend appropriate
elements/additives for iron
control, corrosion inhibition,
clay stabilization. Describe
acid placement and diversion,
mechanical placement
methods.
Describe various chemical
diversion techniques (foams,
gels, particulates), treatment
design (preflush, afterflush,
treatment volumes) for a
broad range of well
conditions.
Hydraulic
Fracturing
Entails identification of well
candidates, design,
formulation and quality control
of treatments, monitoring
response and the resultant
effects on the productivity of
the well.
Types of fracturing
methodologies



3.2
Explain fundamental concepts
of rock mechanics (principal
stresses in rocks), application
of log analysis, and methods
for identifying fracturing
candidates.
Describe basic fracturing
models and their key
parameters.
Calculate basic system
pressure drop due to friction
given all parameters and
bottom hole treating
pressures.
Describe requirements to
fracturing fluids and proppants
how to perform QC of
fracturing fluids and proppants
Explain major concerns in well
preparation for fracturing
(density and type of
perforations, requirements for
clean-up, maximum working
limits). Describe sequence of
actions in a typical fracturing
operation.
Explain data requirements for
fracturing design, calculate or
predict magnitudes of rock
stresses based on sonic logs.
Describe and interpret results
of rock analysis.
.
Explain pressure transient
methods and interpretation
techniques to evaluate post-
fracturing performance.
Fully experienced in the
design of fracturing
operations: selection of well
candidates according to
economics, data collection
from rock analysis or logs or
correlations, selection of
fracturing fluids and additives,
selection of proppant, design
of pumping schedule.
Describe specifics of
fracturing in HPHT conditions,
gas and of horizontal wells.
Experienced in frac-and-pack
and acid fracking.
Frac-Pack
Applications
(these skills should be in
addition to the ones in
fracturing). To identify wells
candidates to perform gravel
pack with a hydraulic fracture
to by-pass formation damage.
To perform the design of these
operations and recommend
required equipment.
3.3
Explain basic concepts of rock
mechanics as related to sand
production. Describe
mechanisms of sand
production and principles of
fracturing.
List main data along with its
sources that are required for
Describe what input
information is available from
wells files, from results of rock
and log analysis. Explain
principles used in the selection
of wells for frac-pack.
Able to use specialized
software to design the
Experience in selecting fluids,
gravel, and tools for the
operation.
Fully knowledgeable in the
design, operation and
evaluation of frac-packs.
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Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill
Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
frac-pack design.
Explain benefits and
limitations of frac-pack
application.
pumping schedules.
Describe gravel size
calculation with account for
the size of formation sand and
in-situ stresses.
Perform economical
evaluation of wells
candidates.
Completions/Development Scenarios
Well & Sand
Face Completion
To specify and to define Well
to meet the objectives for
which it is drilled. To
understand casing and tubing
design taking into account
stress analysis, corrosion and
well performance.
.
4.1
Describe the different
requirements and equipment
for basic types of wells:
production (liquid, gas, multi-
phase); injection; and
disposal.
Describe what information is
available in well files and
databases. Explain how to
analyze, check, and use this
information to define well
performance.
Explain the concept of Nodal
analysis.
Describe different types of
casing and tubing, tubulars
joints, pressure limitations and
tubulars design safety factors.
. Explain how tubing length
and diameter affect
deliverability of the well
system.
List steps in performing first
draft of completion systems
(selection of tubulars weight,
grade and threads) using
Nodal Analysis, API AND / OR
LOCAL STANDAR standards,
and Company policies.
Describe typical downhole
equipment (packers and
downhole pumps) and their
applications.

Demonstrate application of
Nodal Analysis in designing
completion, perforation;
selecting tubular types, sizes,
threads, and downhole
equipment.
Describe what elements of a
well design help control
borehole instabilities and what
are the production practices
that might cause solids
production.
Perforation
Design
Proper selection of perforating
tools and techniques, proper
size and number of shots
anticipating future
requirements for well
production (sand control,
matrix acidizing, hydraulic
fracturing).
4.2
Identify different types of
perforating techniques.
Calculate pressure drop
across perforations for various
wells scenarios in your area.
Describe common elements of
perforating tools assemblies.
.
Describe design
considerations to satisfy well
production requirements
based on Nodal analysis
sensitivity studies and using
specialized perforating
software.
Explain use and placement of
perforating guns.
Demonstrate experience in
designing perforations,
including those used in
directional wells. Explain
impact of perforating elements
on well productivity.
Describe decision process for
perforating. Explain
perforation requirements for
sand control, matrix
stimulation, and hydraulic
fracturing.
Horizontal Well
Completion
Specify and define horizontal
well components so that it
satisfies the objectives for
which it is drilled and
4.3
Describe the different
requirements for different
types of wells: production
(liquid, gas, multi-phase);
Describe purposes and
functions of tubulars and of
various downhole production
tools. Explain the deliverability
Define and be able to design
appropriate kickoff points,
build rates, required hole
angles, well profile, wellpath,
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Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill
Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
completed. injection; and disposal.
Understand the relationship
between difficulty and lateral
displacement.
of the well system.
Explain basic design principles
(burst, collapse, tension) for
casing.
Demonstrate familiarity with
typical horizontal completions
in your area and explain the
design procedures.
trajectory. Show ability to
design bottom hole
assemblies (production
casing/liner) to maintain well
integrity.
Explain selection of the most
adequate type of completion
for horizontal wells based on
the expected production,
conformance strategies, well
remediation and other
interventions in the life of the
well.
Sand Control
Design
Specify and define well sand
control methods that
minimizes well productivity
index effects with long time
efficiency.
4.4
Describe different
requirements for sand control
on liquid, gas, and multi-phase
production wells.
Explain basic concepts of
rock-fluid system interaction.
Name several technologies for
sand control (resin
consolidation, gravel pack,
screenless, etc).
Describe reasons for sand
control method selection and
functions of various downhole
assemblies (filters, gravel-
packs, frac-packs, gravel and
sand consolidation
techniques). List methods
used in your area.
Explain effect of sand
production on the deliverability
of the well system.
Explain application of
geomechanical analysis to
predict potential sand
production.
Using Nodal Analysis select
the preferred sand control
technique and calculate skin
due to sand control.
Is familiar with the
development and causes of
principal stresses in rocks and
can predict sanding as a
result of the decrease in
reservoir pressure.
Use specialized software to
design sand control
treatments. Describe the
elements of a well design to
control borehole instabilities
and production practices that
affect solids production.
Coiled Tubing
Completion

Techniques, applications and
methods used to drill and
service wells with coiled
tubing.

4.5
Describe differences
associated with this type of
well operation. Has limited
exposure to this technology
and its uses.
Describe development of
operating plans involving
coiled tubing activities
Identify equipment and
services to implement coiled
tubing in production
operations completion, and
workover activities.
.
Identify opportunities for
coiled tubing in production
operations, completion and
workover operations and
assist with the development of
coiled tubing production
operations / completion/
workover policies and
procedures.
Participates in organization
study groups and actively
transfers knowledge of the
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Proficiency Level Awareness Knowledge Skill
Rating 1 2 3
Skill Element Description #
technology in the analysis of
performance efficiency and
well selection
Multilateral Well
Completion
An extension of the horizontal
well technology, this
technology addresses the
special challenges of multiple
laterals and the completion of
same.


4.6
Using appropriate terminology,
describe the different ways
multilateral wells may be
constructed.
Explain conceptual design and
feasibility evaluation of
multilateral wells.
Demonstrate understanding of
uses and limitations of this
technology obtained from
interacting with other
production operations
organization & production
technology team members.
Assists with development of
workover programs for this
type of well.
Describe considerations
involved in evaluation and
selection of service
companies and technology
providers for multilateral
projects.
Explain development of well
plans and designs that are
optimal for the objectives of
the well.
Works closely with the various
service providers for the
multilateral and interacts with
them as needed to audit and
review the applicability of their
services and equipment to the
needs of the project.
Intelligent
Completion
Those solutions and
processes associated with
data acquisition, management
and automated response to
monitored well conditions.


4.7

Describe the concept of
intelligent completions and
some of the potential
advantages of same.
Provides assistance to the
production operations
organization & completion
team to identify equipment
and services that may have
application to instrumentation
and collection of data from
completed wells.
Works with other disciplines
(e.g. instrumentation) to
develop policies and
procedure for the use and
application of remote data
collection and information
management tools for its use.
Recommends devices and
uses for intelligent
completions.
Interfaces with other
disciplines to define
environments and needs for
remote sensing devices.

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