The plaintiff filed a complaint against the government and its commissioner for the recovery of ownership and possession of part of her land that was used by the government to construct roads without expropriation or negotiated sale. The trial court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction, stating the government cannot be sued without its consent. The Supreme Court ruled that (1) the plaintiff can properly sue the government in this case without violating governmental immunity; (2) governmental immunity cannot be used to perpetrate injustice against a citizen; and (3) by taking property for public use subject to just compensation, the government submits to court jurisdiction in such matters. Therefore, the plaintiff remains the registered owner of the entire lot and can file a case to recover possession
The plaintiff filed a complaint against the government and its commissioner for the recovery of ownership and possession of part of her land that was used by the government to construct roads without expropriation or negotiated sale. The trial court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction, stating the government cannot be sued without its consent. The Supreme Court ruled that (1) the plaintiff can properly sue the government in this case without violating governmental immunity; (2) governmental immunity cannot be used to perpetrate injustice against a citizen; and (3) by taking property for public use subject to just compensation, the government submits to court jurisdiction in such matters. Therefore, the plaintiff remains the registered owner of the entire lot and can file a case to recover possession
The plaintiff filed a complaint against the government and its commissioner for the recovery of ownership and possession of part of her land that was used by the government to construct roads without expropriation or negotiated sale. The trial court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction, stating the government cannot be sued without its consent. The Supreme Court ruled that (1) the plaintiff can properly sue the government in this case without violating governmental immunity; (2) governmental immunity cannot be used to perpetrate injustice against a citizen; and (3) by taking property for public use subject to just compensation, the government submits to court jurisdiction in such matters. Therefore, the plaintiff remains the registered owner of the entire lot and can file a case to recover possession
The plaintiff filed a complaint against the government and its commissioner for the recovery of ownership and possession of part of her land that was used by the government to construct roads without expropriation or negotiated sale. The trial court dismissed the case for lack of jurisdiction, stating the government cannot be sued without its consent. The Supreme Court ruled that (1) the plaintiff can properly sue the government in this case without violating governmental immunity; (2) governmental immunity cannot be used to perpetrate injustice against a citizen; and (3) by taking property for public use subject to just compensation, the government submits to court jurisdiction in such matters. Therefore, the plaintiff remains the registered owner of the entire lot and can file a case to recover possession
Facts This is an appeal from the e!ision of the "ourt of First #nstan!e of "ebu in its "i$il "ase %o& R-'977, ismissin( the plaintiff)s !omplaint *i!toria +mi(able, the appellant herein, is the re(istere o,ner of Lot %o& 6-9 of the .anila /state in "ebu "ity& %o annotation in fa$or of the (o$ernment of any ri(ht or interest in the property appears at the ba!0 of the !ertifi!ate& 1ithout prior e2propriation or ne(otiate sale, the (o$ernment use a portion of sai lot, ,ith an area of 6,167 s3uare meters, for the !onstru!tion of the 4an(o an Gororo +$enues& +mi(able5s !ounsel ,rote to the 6resient an re3uestin( payment of the portion of her lot ,hi!h ha been appropriate by the (o$ernment ,hi!h ,as isallo,e by the +uitor General +mi(able file a !omplaint a(ainst the Republi! of the 6hilippines an %i!olas "uen!a, in his !apa!ity as "ommissioner of 6ubli! 7i(h,ays, for the re!o$ery of o,nership an possession the lan plus ama(es The trial !ourt renere its e!ision holin( that it ha no 8urisi!tion o$er the plaintiff)s !ause of a!tion for the re!o$ery of possession an o,nership of the portion of her lot in 3uestion on the (roun that the (o$ernment !annot be sue ,ithout its !onsent& +!!orin(ly, the !omplaint ,as ismisse& 9nable to se!ure a re!onsieration, the plaintiff appeale to the "ourt of +ppeals, ,hi!h subse3uently !ertifie the !ase to the :", there bein( no 3uestion of fa!t in$ol$e& Issue 1hether or not the appellant may properly sue the (o$ernment& Held ;es& 1here the (o$ernment ta0es a,ay property from a pri$ate lano,ner for publi! use ,ithout (oin( throu(h the le(al pro!ess of e2propriation or ne(otiate sale, the a((rie$e party may properly maintain a suit a(ainst the (o$ernment ,ithout thereby $iolatin( the o!trine of (o$ernmental immunity from suit ,ithout its !onsent& The o!trine of (o$ernmental immunity from suit !annot ser$e as an instrument for perpetratin( an in8usti!e on a !iti<en& #t is not too mu!h to say that ,hen the (o$ernment ta0es any property for publi! use, ,hi!h is !onitione upon the payment of 8ust !ompensation, to be 8ui!ially as!ertaine, it ma0es manifest that it submits to the 8urisi!tion of a !ourt& There is no thou(ht then that the o!trine of immunity from suit !oul still be appropriately in$o0e& "onsierin( that no annotation in fa$or of the (o$ernment appears at the ba!0 of her !ertifi!ate of title an that she has not e2e!ute any ee of !on$eyan!e of any portion of her lot to the (o$ernment, the appellant remains the o,ner of the ,hole lot& +s re(istere o,ner, she !oul brin( an a!tion to re!o$er possession of the portion of lan in 3uestion at anytime be!ause possession is one of the attributes of o,nership