Odd Marriages: Folktales From Africa, Folktales in Hindi

doSa ivadoSa kI laaok kqaae^ :
AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1
saMklanaktasauYamaa gauPta
Cover Page picture: Buffalo, Tortoise, Rooster

E-Mail: sushmajee@yahoo.com
Website: www.sushmajee.com/folktales/index-folktales.htm
Copyrighted by Sushma Gupta 2014
No portion of this book may be reproduced or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form,
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permission from the author.
Map of Africa
ivaMDsar, kOnaoDa
idsambar 2013
Contents
saIrIja kI BaUimaka ....................................................................................................... 4
AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^ ........................................................................................ 5
1 dao KalaaoM vaalaI s~I .................................................................................................. 6
2 ek laD,kI ijasa nao ek KaopD,I sao SaadI kI ..................................................................... 20
3 ek rajaa ijasa nao maugao- kI baoTI sao SaadI kI ....................................................................... 27
4 ek kCuAa AaOr ]sa kI saundr baoTI .............................................................................. 34
5 BaOMsa s~I jaadU kI khanaI........................................................................................ 42
6 naIlao inaSaana vaalaa AadmaI ......................................................................................... 50
7 ek AadmaI ijasa nao BaalaU dovaI sao SaadI kI ....................................................................... 59
8 ek saundr laD,kI AaOr maClaI ..................................................................................... 64
9 maaoiTnaU AaOr bandr .................................................................................................. 71
saIrIja kI BaUimaka
laaok kqaaeoM iksaI BaI samaaja kI saMskRit ka ek ATUT ihssaa haotI hOM. yao saMsaar kao ]sa samaaja ko baaro maoM batatI hOM
ijasa kI vao laaok kqaae^ hOM. Aaja sao bahut saala phlao, krIba 100 saala phlao, yao kovala ja,baanaI hI khI jaatIM qaIM
AaOr kh sauna kr hI ek pIZ,I sao dUsarI pIZ,I kao dI jaatIM qaIM [sa ilayao iksaI BaI laaok kqaa ka maUla $p @yaa rha
haogaa yah khnaa mauiSkla hO.
Aaja hma eosaI hI kuC AMgaòjaI AaOr kuC dUsarI BaaYaa baaolanao vaalao doSaaoM kI laaok kqaaeoM Apnao ihndI BaaYaa
baaolanao vaalao samaaja tk phu^caanao kI kaoiSaSa kr rho hOM. [na maoM sao bahut saarI khainayaa^ hma nao AMgaòjaI kI iktabaaoM sao,
kuC ivaSvaivaValayaaoM maoM dI gayaI qaIsaoja, sao, AaOr kuC pi~kaAaoM sao saMkilat kI hOM AaOr kuC laaogaaoM sao sauna kr ilaKI
hOM. ABaI tk 600 kahainayaa^ saMkilat kI jaa caukI hOM.
[sa baat ka Kasa Qyaana rKa gayaa hO ik yao saba laaok kqaae^ hr vah AadmaI pZ, sako jaao qaaoD,I saI BaI ihndI
pZ,naa jaanata hao AaOr ]sao samaJata hao. yao saba kqaae^ doSa ivadoSa kI laaok kqaae^^ naama kI saIrIja maoM CapI
jaayaoMgaI. AaSaa hO ik yao laaok kqaaeoM Aap ka manaaorMjana tao kroMgaI hI saaqa maoM dUsaro doSaaoM kI saMskRit ko baaro maoM BaI
jaanakarI doMgaI.

AiQaktr samaajaaoM maoM Saaidyaa^ haotIM hOM. AaOr saarI Saaidyaa^ laD,ko AaOr laD,ikyaaoM yaa AadmaI AaOr AaOrtaoM maoM
haotIM hOM caaho vao javaana haoM yaa AQaoD, ]ma` ko yaa ifr baUZ,o yaa tao vao garIba hao yaa AmaIr. pr laaok kqaae^ tao laaok
kqaae^ hI haotIM hOM na. [na maoM iksaI BaI trIko kI SaadI hao jaatI hO Kasa kr ko AfrIka kI laaok kqaaAaoM maoM.
tuma laaogaaoM nao ]sa rajakumaarI kI khanaI tao pZ,I hI haogaI ijasa maoM ek rajakumaarI kao ek Ba_o sao maoMZk sao
SaadI krnaI pD,tI hO AaOr ]sa kao caUmanaa BaI pD,ta hO. vah baat Alaga hO ik baad maoM vah ek rajakumaar bana jaata
hO. vah ek sauKant laaok kqaa qaI. pr laaok kqaa ko saaih%ya maoM sauKant AaOr duKant daonaaoM p`kar kI kqaae^
imalatI hOM.
yaha^ hma AfrIka ko k[- doSaaoM kI eosaI laaok kqaae^ do rho hOM ijana maoM laaogaaoM nao AjaIba AjaIba Saaidyaa^ kI hOM
yaanaI vao Saaidyaa^ AadmaI AadmaI maoM nahIM hu[-M hOM bailk AadmaI Aaor jaanavaraoM maoM hu[-M hOM. vao Saaidyaa^ kOsao hu[-M yaa vao
Saaidyaa^ calaIM yaa nahIM calaIM, yaa ifr baad maoM ]na ka @yaa huAa, yaa vao duKant hOM yaa sauKant yah saba tao ]na kqaaAaoM
kao pZ, kr hI pta calaogaa.
tao laao pZ,ao ivaiBanna doSaaoM sao [k{I kI gayaIM yao AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^ AaOr Apnao Aap hI tya krao
ik yah saba @yaa qaa.
1 dao KalaaoM vaalaI s~I1

yah laaok kqaa hma nao piScamaI AfrIka ko naa[jaIiryaa doSa kI
laaok kqaaAaoM sao laI hO. [sa maoM ek rajaa baccao ko ilayao ek makD,o
kI baoTI sao SaadI krta hO.
[yaambaa p`qama kOlaObaar2 ka ek bahut baD,a AaOr taktvar rajaa
qaa. ]sa nao Apnao Aasa pasa ko bahut saaro doSa jaIt ilayao qao. vaha^
ko AadmaI AaOr AaOrtaoM kao BaI vah pkD, laayaa qaa.vao laaoga ]sa ko
KotaoM pr pUrI ijandgaI kama krto rhto qao.
[sa rajaa ko 200 pi%nayaa^ qaIM pr iksaI sao BaI ]sa kao ek
baoTa nahIM qaa.
yah doK kr ik Aba rajaa baUZ,a haota jaa rha qaa AaOr ]sa ko
kao[- baoTa nahIM qaa, ]sa ko drbaairyaaoM nao
]sa kao ek makD,o kI laD,kI sao SaadI
krnao kI salaah dI @yaaoM ik makD,aoM ko
hmaoSaa hI bahut saaro baccao huAa krto qao.
laoikna jaba rajaa nao makD,o kI laD,kI kao doKa tao vah ]sa kao
ibalkula BaI AcCI nahIM lagaI @yaaoM ik vah bahut badsaUrt qaI. laaogaaoM
The Woman With Two Skins a folktale from Southern Nigeria.
This story is a peculiar version of the story of the courteous Sir Gawain with his bride, hideous by
day, and a pearl of loveliness by night. The Ju Ju man answers to the witch and to the stepmother of
the prince, who, by a magical potion, makes the King forget his own true love.
2
Calabar is one of the states of Nigeria
1
~7~
nao ]sao batayaa ik vah badsaUrt [sa ilayao qaI @yaaoM ik ]sa kI maa^ ko
bahut saaro baccao qao.
ifr BaI rajaa nao Apnao laaogaaoM kao KuSaI ko ilayao ]sa makD,o kI
laD,kI sao SaadI kr laI AaOr ]sa kao BaI ApnaI dUsarI pi%nayaaoM ko
saaqa hI rK idyaa.
prntu ]sa kI pi%nayaaoM nao rajaa sao iSakayat kI ik vao ]sa ko
saaqa nahIM rh saktIM @yaaoM ik vah bahut badsaUrt qaI. AaiKrkar
rajaa nao ]sa ko ilayao ek Alaga Gar banavaa idyaa jaha^ ]sa kao BaI
vahI Kanaa pInaa imalata qaa jaao ]sa kI dUsarI pi%nayaaoM kao imalata
qaa.
rajya ka hr AadmaI ]sa makD,o kI laD,kI sao nafrt krta qaa
@yaaoM ik vah bahut badsaUrt qaI pr sacamauca maoM vah badsaUrt nahIM qaI.
vah bahut saundr qaI. vah dao KalaaoM ko saaqa pOda hu[- qaI.
]sa kI maa^ nao ]sa sao kha qaa ik vah ApnaI badsaUrt Kala kao
isavaaya rat ko AaOr kBaI na ]taro jaba tk ik ]sa kao ]tarnao ka
zIk samaya na Aa jaayao AaOr saubah kao turnt ]zto hI ]sa Kala kao
AaoZ, ilayaa kro.
rajaa kI pTranaI kao makD,o kI laD,kI ko [sa Baod ka pta
cala gayaa qaa ik vah bahut KUbasaUrt qaI [sa ilayao vah ]sa sao
Gabaranao lagaI ik yaid yah rajaa kao yah pta cala gayaa ik makD,o kI
laD,kI bahut saundr hO tao rajaa ]sa kao AiQak Pyaar krnao lagaogaa.
~8~
saao vah ek jaUjaU krnao vaalao3 ko pasa gayaI, ]sa kao ]sa nao
200 DMiDyaa^4 dIM AaOr kha ik vah ]na ka ek eosaa kaZ,a banaa do
ijasa kao pI kr rajaa yah BaI BaUla jaayao ik makD,o kI laD,kI kao
vah jaanata BaI qaa.
jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao 350 DMiDyaaoM maoM eosaI dvaa banaanao ka vaayada
ikyaa AaOr ]sa kao vah dvaa banaa kr do dI.
rajaa kI pTranaI nao vah dvaa rajaa kao ]sa ko Kanao maoM imalaa
kr iplaa dI. kuC idnaaoM tk ]sa dvaa nao kama ikyaa ik rajaa
makD,o kI ]sa laD,kI ko pasa sao inakla jaata AaOr ]sao phcaanata
BaI nahIM qaa.
[sa trh caar mahInao baIt gayao AaOr rajaa nao makD,o kI laD,kI
AiDyaaha5 kao Apnao pasa nahIM baulaayaa. AiDyaaha rajaa kI [sa
baoruKI sao bahut tMga Aa gayaI AaOr Apnao maa^ baap ko Gar calaI gayaI.
AiDyaaha ka ipta ]sa kao ek dUsaro jaUjaU krnao vaalao ko pasa
lao gayaa jaao jaadU Taonaa krnao maoM bahut haoiSayaar qaa. ]sa nao turnt hI
pta lagaa ilayaa ik yah TaoTka rajaa kI pTranaI nao ]sa laD,kI ko
}pr krvaayaa qaa taik vah AiDyaaha kI trf doKo BaI nahIM.
Ju Ju people of Nigeria are like Ojha of India who help to cure the patients of Black Magic and even
to do Black magic on somebody.
4
Translated for the word Rods maybe money used in Nigeria in those times
5
Adiaha
3
~9~
]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao makD,o sao kha ik vah ]sa kao ek dvaa
tOyaar kr ko dogaa ijasao ]sa kI baoTI Apnao pit kao iplaa dogaI.
]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao makD,o sao [sa dvaa ko kafI pOsao eoMzo AaOr
vah dvaa banaa kr ]sa kao do dI.
AiDyaaha nao ]sa dvaa kao rajaa ko Kanao maoM imalaa idyaa AaOr vah
Kanaa rajaa kao iKlaa idyaa. jaOsao hI rajaa nao vah Kanaa Kayaa ]sa
kI tao Aa^KoM Kula gayaIM. vah AiDyaaha kao ApnaI p%naI ko $p maoM
phcaana gayaa AaOr ]sa nao ]sa kao ]saI Saama kao Apnao mahla maoM baulaa
ilayaa.
AiDyaaha tao bahut KuSa hao gayaI. Saama sao hI vah rajaa sao
imalanao kI tOyaarI maoM laga gayaI. vah Saama kao nadI pr nahanao gayaI
AaOr vaha^ sao laaOT kr Apnao saba sao AcCo kpD,o phnao AaOr rajaa sao
imalanao ko ilayao cala dI.
jaba vah rajaa ko mahla maoM phu^caI tao rat hao caukI qaI, caaraoM
Aaor A^Qaora hI A^Qaora qaa. ]sa nao ApnaI badsaUrt vaalaI Kala
inakala dI qaI tba rajaa nao doKa ik AiDyaaha iktnaI saundr qaI.
rajaa ]sa sao bahut KuSa huAa. saubah haoto hI AiDyaaha nao
ApnaI vah badsaUrt Kala ifr sao AaoZ, laI AaOr Apnao Gar calaI
gayaI.
~ 10 ~
caar rat tk vah eosaa hI krtI rhI. rat kao vah ApnaI
badsaUrt Kala inakala dotI AaOr saubah kao ApnaI badsaUrt Kala kao
phna kr Apnao Gar calaI jaatI.
saaro laaogaaoM kao baD,a AaScaya- huAa jaba kuC samaya baad ]sa nao
ek baoTo kao janma idyaa. saba kao saba sao jyaada AaScaya- tao [sa
baat ka qaa ik ]sa nao kovala ek hI baccao kao janma idyaa qaa nahIM
tao ]sa kI maa^ tao ek baar maoM A@sar 50 baccaaoM kao janma idyaa
krtI qaI.
rajaa kI pTranaI kao [sa sao bahut jalana hu[-. vah ifr sao ]sa
jaUjaU krnao vaalao ko pasa phu^caI.
]sa nao ifr ]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao kao bahut saaro pOsao idyao AaOr
]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao ]sa kao ek AaOr dvaa dI ijasa kao iKlaanao
sao rajaa baImaar hao jaata AaOr Apnao baoTo kao BaUla jaata.
yahI dvaa ]sa baImaar rajaa kao ifr ]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao pasa
BaojatI AaOr jaUjaU krnao vaalaa rajaa kao yah batata ik yah saba ]sa
ko baoTo nao ikyaa hO.
]saI nao rajaa kao baImaar ikyaa hO @yaaoM ik vah ]sa kao maar kr
svayaM raja krnaa caahta hO. AaOr yaid vah Apnao Aap kao bacaanaa
caahta hO tao ]sa kao Apnao baoTo kao panaI maoM foMk donaa caaihyao.
~ 11 ~
jaOsaa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao kha qaa vaOsaa hI huAa. dvaa Kato hI
rajaa baImaar hao gayaa AaOr jaba vah baImaar hao gayaa tao vah jaUjaU krnao
vaalao ko pasa gayaa.
jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao ]sa kao batayaa ik yah saba ]sa ko baoTo nao
ikyaa hO. ]saI nao rajaa kao baImaar ikyaa hO @yaaoM ik vah ]sa kao
maar kr svayaM raja krnaa caahta hO. AaOr yaid vah Apnao Aap kao
bacaanaa caahta hO tao ]sa kao Apnao baoTo kao panaI maoM foMk donaa
caaihyao.
rajaa phlao tao Apnao baoTo kao panaI maoM foMknao ko ilayao tOyaar
nahIM huAa pr ]sa ko sardaraoM nao ]sa kao samaJaayaa ik vah [sa laD,ko
kao panaI maoM foMk do AaOr Bagavaana nao caaha tao Agalao saala ifr ]sa
kao baoTa hao jaayaogaa.
saao rajaa maana gayaa AaOr ]sa nao Apnao baoTo kao nadI maoM ifkvaa
idyaa. AiDyaaha Apnao baoTo ko ilayao bahut raoyaI, bahut raoyaI, pr
@yaa krtI.
rajaa kI pTranaI ifr sao ]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao ko pasa gayaI
AaOr ]sa sao kha ik Aba kI baar vah eosaI dvaa tOyaar kro ijasa sao
rajaa AiDyaaha kao kma sao kma tIna saala ko ilayao BaUla jaayao.
saao jaU jaU krnao vaalao kI ]sa dvaa ko Asar sao Aba kI baar
rajaa AiDyaaha kao tIna saala ko ilayao BaUla gayaa.
~ 12 ~
tIna saala tk AiDyaaha baocaarI Apnao baoTo ka duK manaatI

rhI. ifr vah Apnao ipta ko pasa gayaI AaOr Apnao jaUjaU krnao vaalao
sao ek AaOr dvaa lao kr AayaI.
jaba vah dvaa ]sa nao rajaa kao iKlaayaI tao rajaa ]sa kao ifr
sao phcaana gayaa AaOr ]sa kao ifr sao Apnao pasa baulaa ilayaa.
ijasa jaUjaU krnao vaalao ko pasa AiDyaaha gayaI qaI vah panaI
vaalaa jaUjaU krnao vaalaa AadmaI qaa saao jaba rajaa nao AiDyaaha ko baoTo
kao nadI maoM ifkvaayaa tao vah vahIM qaa.
]sa nao rajaa ko baoTo kao bacaa ilayaa AaOr ]sao Apnao Gar lao
gayaa. vah ]sao palata paosata rha. baD,a hao kr vah ek bahut
taktvar AadmaI bana gayaa. ]sa kI Sa@la rajaa sao bahut imalatI
jaulatI qaI.
[sa baIca maoM AiDyaaha nao ek baoTI kao janma idyaa. rajaa kI
pTranaI nao jalana kI vajah sao rajaa sao ifr ]sa laD,kI kao foMk donao
ko ilayao kha.
rajaa kao ]sa kI laD,kI kao foMk donao ko ilayao rajaI krnao maoM
]sao kafI dor laga gayaI pr iksaI trh ]sa nao ]sa kao manaa ilayaa.
rajaa nao ]sa laD,kI kao BaI nadI maoM foMk idyaa AaOr vah ifr
AiDyaaha kao BaUla gayaa.
[sa samaya BaI vah panaI vaalaa jaUjaU krnao vaalaa vaha^ maaOjaUd qaa
AaOr ]sa nao ]sa laD,kI kao BaI bacaa ilayaa. Aba ]sa nao saaocaa ik
~ 13 ~
rajaa kI pTranaI kao ]sa ko kamaaoM ka sabak isaKanao ka yah AcCa

maaOka qaa.
vah javaana laaogaaoM ko sardar ko pasa gayaa AaOr ]sa kao hr
saPtah ek javaanaaoM maoM ek kuStI ka maOca rKnao ko ilayao ]ksaayaa.
vah sardar tOyaar hao gayaa.
]Qar ]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao rajakumaar kao ]sa kuStI maoM ihssaa
laonao ko ilayao kha AaOr kha ik ]sa kao icanta krnao kI kao[ja$rt nahIM hO kuStI maoM ]sao kao[- BaI nahIM hra payaogaa.
maOca rKa gayaa AaOr ]sa maOca maoM ihssaa laonao ko ilayao bahut saaro
taktvar laaoga vaha^ Aayao. rajaa BaI ApnaI pTranaI ko saaqa ]sa
maOca kao doKnao ko ilayao Aayaa.
maOca vaalao idna jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao rajakumaar kao ivaSvaasa
idlaayaa ik ]sa ka jaUjaU [tnaa taktvar qaa ik kao[- iktnaa BaI
baD,a taktvar kuStIbaaja @yaaoM na hao vah ]sa sao jaIt nahIM payaogaa.
jaItnao vaalao kao rajaa kpD,o AaOr Qana ka [naama donao vaalaa qaa.
jaba Aayao hue kuStIbaajaaoM nao rajakumaar kao doKa tao h^sao AaOr
baaolao Aaoh yah CaoTa saa laD,ka kaOna hO yah hma sao @yaa
kuStI laD,ogaa
pr jaba kuStI Sau$ hu[- tao ]na kao lagaa ik vao tao Kud hI ]sa
ko laayak nahIM qao. vah yah doK kr BaI dMga qao ik ]sa kI Sa@la
rajaa sao iktnaI imalatI jaulatI qaI.
~ 14 ~
Saama tk saba sao laD,nao ko baad rajakumaar ivajayaI GaaoiYat kr

idyaa gayaa. ]na maoM sao k[- kuStIbaaja tao baocaaro kafI Gaayala hao
gayao qao. rajaa nao rajakumaar kao kpD,o AaOr pOsao idyao AaOr Saama kao
Apnao saaqa Kanaa Kanao kI davat dI.
rajakumaar nao KuSaI sao ]sa kI davat maana laI. vah nadI maoM naha
Qaao kr tOyaar huAa AaOr rajaa ko mahla maoM jaa phu^caa. vaha^ ]sa kao
k[- AaOr sardar AaOr rajaa kI ip`ya pi%nayaa^ idKayaI dIM.
saba laaoga Kanaa Kanao baOzo. rajakumaar rajaa ko pasa baOza
halaaîk rajaa ]sa kao jaanata nahIM qaa ik vah ]sa ka Apnaa baoTa
qaa. rajakumaar ko baad rajaa kI pTranaI baOzI.
~ 15 ~
Kanao ko pUro samaya tk rajaa kI pTranaI rajakumaar sao daostI

baZ,anao kI kaoiSaSa maoM rhI @yaaoM ik rajakumaar javaana qaa AaOr bahut
saundr qaa. AaOr Aaja tao vah saba sao AcCa kuStIbaaja BaI GaaoiYat
ikyaa gayaa qaa.
rajaa kI pTranaI nao saaocaa ik Aba maora puranaa pit baUZ,a hao
gayaa hO, pta nahIM vah kba mar jaayao saao maOM [sao Apnaa nayaa pit banaa
laU^gaI.
rajakumaar ijatnaa taktvar qaa ]tnaa hI A@lamand BaI qaa.
vah ]sa pTranaI kI saba caalaoM samaJa rha qaa. ]sa nao idKavao ko
ilayao yah idKayaa ik ]sa kao vah saba AcCa laga rha qaa jaao vah
]sa ko saaqa kr rhI qaI pr saca mauca maoM eosaa nahIM qaa AaOr vah
jaldI hI Kanaa Ka kr Apnao Gar calaa gayaa.
jaba vah Apnao Gar phu^caa tao ]sa nao Apnao ipta kao saba
batayaa. jaUjaU krnao vaalaa baaolaa tuma Aba rajaa ko Pyaaro hao
gayao hao saao tuma kla rajaa ko pasa jaaAao AaOr ]sa sao khao ik vah
doSa ko saaro laaogaaoM kao baulaayao.
]na saba ko saamanao ek maukdmaa rKa jaayaogaa. ]sa maoM jaao kao[BaI ApraQaI payaa jaayao ]sa kao [-baao6 laaoga saba ko saamanao maaroM.
Igbo people they are very terrible people
~ 16 ~
Agalao idna vah rajakumaar rajaa ko pasa gayaa AaOr ek maukdmaa

rKnao kI pàqa-naa kI. rajaa turnt tOyaar hao gayaa. ]sa nao doSa ko
saaro laaogaaoM kao ]sa maukdmaa saunanao ko ilayao baulaa ilayaa.
ifr ]sa jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao ]sa kao ]sa kI maa^ ko pasa Baojaa
AaOr kha ik vah jaa kr ]sa kao batayao ik vah kaOna qaa.
AaOr ]sa sao yah BaI kho ik vah ]sa idna ApnaI badsaUrt vaalaI
Kala ]tar kr Aayao @yaaoM ik Aba vah samaya Aa gayaa qaa jaba [sa
ko baad Aba ]sa kao ]sa Kala kI ja$rt nahIM pD,ogaI. rajakumaar
nao vaOsaa hI ikyaa.
maukdmao vaalao idna AiDyaaha jaa kr ek kaonao maoM baOz gayaI.
iksaI nao BaI ]sa AjanabaI kao nahIM phcaanaa ik vah makD,o kI baoTI
qaI. rajakumaar ApnaI baihna kao BaI lao Aayaa AaOr ApnaI maa^ ko
pasa Aa kr baOz gayaa.
AiDyaaha nao jaOsao hI rajakumaar kI baihna kao doKa tao turnt
baaolaI yah tao maorI baoTI haonaI caaihyao ijasa ko ilayao maOM [tnaa
raoyaI hU^. AaOr ]sa kao baD,o Pyaar sao galao lagaa ilayaa.
rajaa AaOr ]sa kI pTranaI BaI Aa gayao AaOr saba laaogaaoM ko baIca
maoM ek p%qar pr baOz gayao.
saba laaogaaoM nao ]na kao namaskar ikyaa. rajaa ]za AaOr ]sa nao
GaaoYaNaa kI ik Aaja vao saba ]sa kuStI maoM jaItnao vaalao laD,ko kI
pàqa-naa pr ek maukdmaa saunanao ko ilayao [k{a hue hOM.
~ 17 ~
jaao kao[- BaI harogaa vah marnao ko ilayao [-baao ko hvaalao kr idyaa
jaayaogaa caaho vah Kud yaa ]sa kI kao[- p%naI hI @yaaoM na hao. [-baao
laaoga ]sa ka isar p%qar pr rK kr ]sao maar doMgao.
saaro laaoga maukdmaa saunanao ko ilayao bahut ]%sauk qao ik eosaa @yaa
maukdmaa hO jaao ]na saba kao baulaayaa gayaa hO.
rajakumaar caaraoM trf GaUmaa AaOr ifr baaolaa @yaa Aap
laaoga samaJato hOM ik maOM iksaI sardar ka baoTa haonao ko laayak hU^
saba ek Aavaaja maoM baaolao ha^ hao.
ifr vah ApnaI baihna ka haqa pkD, kr BaID, ko baIca maoM lao
Aayaa AaOr BaID, sao pUCa @yaa yah maorI baihna iksaI sardar kI
baoTI haonao ko laayak nahIM hO
laaogaaoM nao ]sa kI saundr baihna kao doKto hue kha ha^ hO.
yah tao iksaI sardar kI hI nahIM bailk rajaa kI BaI baoTI haonao ko
laayak hO.
ifr vah ApnaI maa^ kao lao kr Aayaa jaao Apnao bahut saundr
kpD,aoM AaOr maaoityaaoM7 ko gahnaaoM maoM AaOr BaI AiQak saundr laga rhI
qaI AaOr BaID, sao pUCa @yaa yah iksaI rajaa kI p%naI haonao ko
laayak nahIM hO
saba nao ek Aavaaja maoM kha ibalkula hO AaOr [sa kao tao
k[- AcCo baoTaoM kI maa^ BaI haonaa caaihyao.
7
Translated for the word Beads, not pearls
~ 18 ~
ifr ]sa nao rajaa kI pTranaI kI trf [Saara krto hue laaogaaoM
kao ApnaI khanaI saunaayaI ik iksa trh ]sa kI maa^ nao jaao ek
makD,o kI baoTI qaI rajaa sao SaadI kI, iksa trh rajaa kI pTranaI
]sa sao jalanao lagaI AaOr iksa trh ]sa nao rajaa ko ilayao ]sa kI maa^
ko iKlaaf baura jaUjaU banavaayaa.
]sa bauro jaUjaU kI vajah sao rajaa ]sa kI maa^ kao BaUla gayaa.
AaOr ifr iksa trh sao ]sa nao ]sa kao AaOr ]sa kI baihna kao nadI
maoM ifkvaa idyaa pr panaI vaalao jaUjaU krnao vaalao nao ]na daonaaoM kao bacaa
ilayaa.
Aba maOM [sa maukdmao ka natIjaa rajaa AaOr Aap laaogaaoM pr
CaoD,ta hU^. [sa maoM Agar maOM galatI pr hU^ tao mauJao [-baao kao do idyaa
jaayao AaOr yaid yah s~I galatI pr hO tao [sa kao [-baao kao do idyaa
jaayao. jaOsaa BaI Aap saba zIk samaJaoM kroM.
jaba rajaa kao yah pta calaa ik yah kuStIbaaja laD,ka ]sa ka
Apnaa baoTa hO tao vah bahut KuSa huAa AaOr ]sa nao ApnaI pTranaI
kao [-baao kao saaOMp idyaa AaOr ]na kao hukuma do idyaa ik vao ]sa ko
saaqa Apnao kanaUna ko Anausaar bata-va kroM.
[-baao laaogaaoM kao lagaa ik rajaa kI pTranaI ek jaadUgarnaI qaI saao
vao ]sa kao ek jaMgala maoM lao gayao AaOr ]sa kao ek KmBao sao baa^Qa
idyaa AaOr ]sa kao ihPpaopaoTomasa kI Kala sao banao hue kaoD,o sao 200
kaoD,o maaro.
~ 19 ~
]sa ko baad ]nhaoM nao ]sa kao ijanda jalaa idyaa taik vah ifr
iksaI AaOr ko ilayao kao[- proSaanaI KD,I na kr sako. ]sa kI raK
nadI maoM foMk dI gayaI.
rajaa nao AiDyaaha AaOr Apnao baccaaoM kao galao lagaayaa AaOr laaogaaoM
maoM yah GaaoiYat kr idyaa ik Aba AiDyaaha hI ]sa kI pTranaI hO.
jaba maukdmaa Ktma hao gayaa tao AiDyaaha kao bahut baiZ,yaa
kpD,o phnaayao gayao, maaoityaaoM ko gahnao phnaayao gayao AaOr rajaa ko
naaOkr ]sa kao mahla maoM lao gayao.
]sa rat rajaa nao Apnao laaogaaoM kao ek bahut baD,I davat dI
AaOr ]na kao batayaa ik vah ApnaI [tnaI saundr p%naI kao pa kr
bahut KuSa qaa ijasa kao ]sa nao phlao kBaI phcaanaa nahIM qaa. ]sa
kao Apnao taktvar baoTo AaOr ApnaI saundr saI baoTI kao panao kI BaI
bahut KuSaI qaI.
]sa kI vah davat 166 idna tk calaI. [sa ko baad rajaa nao
yah kanaUna banaa idyaa ik kao[- BaI s~I yaid Apnao pit ko iKlaaf
[sa trh kI kao[- dvaa banavaatI payaI gayaI tao ]sa kao maaOt kI
sajaa dI jaayaogaI.
]sa ko baad rajaa nao ApnaI p%naI, baoTo AaOr baoTI ko ilayao tIna
mahla banavaayao AaOr saba laaoga Aanand sao rhnao lagao. kafI idnaaoM baad
jaba rajaa mar gayaa tao ]sa ka baoTa rajaa bana gayaa.
~ 20 ~
2 ek laD,kI ijasa nao ek KaopD,I sao SaadI kI8

eoifyaaoMga eDoma kaoBama Sahr9 ka rhnao vaalaa qaa. ]sa ko ek bahut
hI saundr laD,kI qaI ijasa ka naama qaa AifyaaoMga10. doSa ko saaro
naaOjavaana ]sa kI saundrta kI vajah sao ]sa sao SaadI krnaa caahto qao
pr ]sa nao Apnao maata ipta ko khnao ko baavajaUd ]na saba naaOjavaanaaoM
kao manaa kr idyaa qaa.
vah bahut ija_I qaI ]sa ka khnaa qaa ik vah doSa ko iksaI
eosao naaOjavaana sao SaadI krogaI jaao saba sao saundr hao, javaana hao AaOr
]sao zIk sao Pyaar kro.
bahut saaro laaoga ijana sao ]sa ko maata ipta ]sa kI SaadI krnaa
caahto qao vao saba ]mar maoM kafI baD,o qao AaOr doKnao maoM saundr BaI nahIM
qao. [sa ilayao vah Apnao maata ipta kao ]na saba ko ilayao manaa krtI
rhI AaOr ]sa ko maata ipta ]sa kI [sa hrkt sao bahut duKI AaOr
proSaana qao.
ek KaopD,I jaao Aa%maaAaoM kI duinayaa^ maoM rhtI qaI
]sa nao BaI [sa saundr kuÂarI kOlaobaar laD,kI ko baaro maoM
sauunaa. ]sa nao saaocaa ik ]sa kao vaha^ jaanaa caaihyao
AaOr ]sa kao Apnao kabaU maoM kr laonaa caaihyao.
A Dispbedient Girl Who Married a Skull a folktale from southern Nigeria, Africa
Effiong Edem of Cobham town
10
Afiong
8
~ 21 ~
saao vah ApnaI saaiqana Aa%maaAaoM ko pasa gayaI AaOr ]na sao ]na
ko SarIraoM ko saba sao saundr ihssao ilayao. ek sao ]sa nao bahut AcCa
isar ilayaa, dUsaro sao SarIr ilayaa, tIsaro sao majabaUt baa^hoM laIM, caaOqao nao
]sa kao saundr Ta^gaoM dIM.
jaba ]sa nao ek AadmaI ko SarIr kao ijana ijana ihssaaoM kI
ja$rt haotI hO vao saba ]sa nao lao ilayaoo tao vah ek bahut hI saundr
naaOjavaana bana kr kaoBama ko baajaar maoM gayaa. vaha^ ]sa kao AifyaaoMga
idKayaI do gayaI tao ]sa nao Apnao mana maoM ]sa kI bahut tarIf kI.
]nhIM idnaaoM AifyaaoMga nao BaI saunaa ik Sahr maoM ek bahut hI
saundr naaOjavaana Aayaa huAa hO jaao ]sa ko Sahr ko saBaI naaOjavaanaaoM sao
kafI Alaga hO. saao ek idna vah baajaar gayaI AaOr ]sa KaopD,I
kao ]sa kI ]Qaar laI hu[- saundr Sa@la maoM doKa.
]sa kao doKto hI vah ]sa sao Pyaar krnao lagaI AaOr ]sa kao
]sa nao Apnao Gar Aanao kI davat dI. KaopD,I tao yah sauna kr bahut
hI KuSa hao gayaI AaOr ]sa ko saaqa ]sa ko Gar cala dI.
Gar lao jaa kr AifyaaoMga nao ]sa kao Apnao maata ipta sao
imalavaayaa AaOr KaopD,I nao turnt hI ]na sao eifyaaoMga sao SaadI krnao
kI [jaajat caahI.
phlao tao AifyaaoMga ko maata ipta nao ek AjanabaI sao AifyaaoMga
kI SaadI krnao sao [nakar kr idyaa pr ifr ApnaI baoTI kI psand
doKto hue rajaI hao gayao.
~ 22 ~
vah KaopD,I AifyaaoMga AaOr ]sa ko maata ipta ko saaqa ]sa ko

Gar maoM dao idna rhI ifr ]sa nao ]sa ko maata ipta sao kha ik Aba
vah Apnao Gar jaanaa caahtI qaI jaao vaha^ sao bahut dUr qaa.
laD,kI tao [sa baat ko ilayao faOrna hI tOyaar hao gayaI @yaaoM ik
vah ek AcCa laD,ka qaa pr ]sa ko maata ipta kI [cCa ApnaI
laD,kI kao [sa trh Baojanao kI nahIM qaI.
pr jaOsaa ik tumhoM maalaUma hO ik vah laD,kI bahut ija_I qaI saao
vah ]sa ko saaqa cala dI.
jaba ]na daonaaoM kao gayao hue kuC idna hao gayao AaOr ]na laaogaaoM kI
kao[- Kbar nahIM imalaI tao eifyaaoMga ek jaUjaU krnao vaalao11 ko pasa
gayaa AaOr ]sa sao ApnaI baoTI ko baaro maoM kuC batanao ko ilayao kha.
kafI saaro da^va foMknao ko baad ]sa
nao eifyaaoMga kao batayaa ik vah laD,ka
Aa%maaAaoM kI duinayaa^ sao Aayaa qaa AaOr
]sa kao lao gayaa hO. Aba ]sa kI baoTI
yakInana maarI jaayaogaI saao vao ]sa ka duK
manaanaa Sau$ kr doM.
]Qar k[- idnaaoM tk calanao ko baad AifyaaoMga AaOr ]sa ko pit
nao [sa duinayaa^ AaOr Aa%maaAaoM kI duinayaaÂaoM ko baIca kI saImaa par
kI.
11
A magician or caller of the spirits is called a Ju Ju man.
~ 23 ~
jaOsao hI vao Aa%maaAaoM kI duinayaa^ maoM phu^cao Ta^ga vaalaI Aa%maa

ApnaI Ta^ga maa^ganao Aa gayaI, isar vaalaI Aa%maa nao Apnaa isar maa^gaa
AaOr SarIr vaalaI Aa%maa nao Apnaa SarIr. [sa trh sao maa^gaa huAa
saba kuC do donao ko baad vah KaopD,I AkolaI Apnao AsalaI Ba_o $p
maoM KD,I rh gayaI.
yah doK kr AifyaaoMga tao sakto maoM Aa gayaI. ]sa ka mana Gar
Baaganao kao krnao lagaa magar ]sa KaopD,I nao ]sa kao vaha^ sao jaanao hI
nahIM idyaa AaOr ]sa kao Apnao saaqa calanao ka hukuma idyaa. saao
AifyaaoMga kao ]sa ko saaqa hI jaanaa pD,a.
jaba vao KaopD,I ko Gar Aayao tao AifyaaoMga KaopD,I kI maa^ sao
imalaI. ]sa kI maa^ bahut baUZ,I qaI AaOr kao[- kama krnaa tao dUr vah
tao ihla BaI nahIM saktI qaI.
AifyaaoMga sao ]sa kI ijatnaI sahayata hao saktI ]sa nao kI,
]sa ka Kanaa banaayaa, Aaga jalaanao ko ilayao lakD,I laayaI, panaI Bar
kr laa kr idyaa. vah bauiZ,yaa [sa saba sao bahut KuSa hu[- AaOr
jaldI hI AifyaaoMga kao bahut caahnao lagaI.
ek idna vah AifyaaoMga sao baaolaI ik vah ]sa ko ilayao bahut
duKI qaI @yaaoM ik ]sa ko doSa maoM tao saaro laaoga AadmaI Kanao vaalao
qao. Agar iksaI kao pta calaa ik ]na ko doSa maoM kao[- AadmaI hO tao
vao turnt hI Aa jaayaoMgao AaOr ]sao maar kr Ka jaayaoMgao.
~ 24 ~
Aba @yaaoM ik AifyaaoMga nao ]sa kI bahut saovaa kI qaI AaOr vah
]sa sao bahut KuSa qaI.
]sa nao AifyaaoMga kao Apnao Gar maoM iCpa ilayaa AaOr ]sa sao
vaayada ikyaa ik Agar Aagao sao vah Apnao maata ipta ka khnaa
maanaogaI tao ]sa sao ijatnaI jaldI hao sakogaa vah ]sa kao ]sa ko doSa
vaapsa Baojanao kI kaoiSaSa krogaIo.
AifyaaoMga nao ]sa sao vaayada ikyaa ik vah Aagao sao Apnao maata
ipta ka khnaa maanaogaI. saao ]sa KaopD,I kI maa^ nao makD,o kao
baulaayaa jaao bahut hI AcCo baala banaata qaa. ]sa nao ]sa sao
AifyaaoMga ko bahut hI baiZ,yaa baala banaanao kao kha.
]sa nao ifr ]sa kao phnanao ko ilayao
bahut saundr saI pajaoba dIM AaOr kuC AaOr
gahnao BaI phnanao ko ilayao idyao. ifr ]sa
nao ek jaUjaU banaayaa AaOr hvaa kao ]sao
]sa ko doSa lao jaanao ko ilayao kha.
phlao ek bahut toja tUfana Aayaa, ifr garja Aayaa, ifr
ibajalaI AayaI AaOr ifr baairSa AayaI pr KaopD,I kI maa^ nao saba kao
vaapsa Baoja idyaa @yaaoM ik vao saBaI AifyaaoMga kao ]sa ko Gar lao jaanao
ko ilayao zIk nahIM qao.
~ 25 ~
saba sao baad maoM zMDI KuSabaUdar mand bahnao vaalaI hvaa AayaI.
KaopD,I kI maa^ nao ]sa kao AifyaaoMga kao ]sa ko Gar lao jaanao ko ilayao
zIk samaJaa saao ]sa kao AifyaaoMga kao ]sa ko Gar CaoD, kr Aanao ko
ilayao kha AaOr AifyaaoMga kao ivada dI.
turnt hI ]sa hvaa nao AifyaaoMga kao ]sa ko Gar ko baahr CaoD,
idyaa AaOr vaapsa Aa gayaI.
jaba AifyaaoMga ko maata ipta nao ApnaI baoTI kao doKa tao vao tao
KuSaI sao pagala sao hao gayao @yaaoM ik kuC mahInaaoM sao tao ]nhaoM nao ]sa
ko imalanao kI ]mmaId ibalkula hI CaoD, dI qaI.
]sa ko imalanao kI KuSaI maoM ]sa ko ipta nao jaha^ vah KD,I qaI
vaha^ sao Gar ko drvaajao tk ]sa ko calanao ko ilayao maulaayama KalaoM
ibaCa dIM taik ]sa kI baoTI ko pOr jamaIna pr calanao sao gando na haoM.
AifyaaoMga ]na KalaaoM pr cala kr Gar tk AayaI. ]sa ko
ipta nao tba ]sa kI saba sahoilayaaoM kao gaanao naacanao AaOr davat ko
ilayao baulaayaa AaOr yah saba Aaz idna tk idna rat calaa.
jaba yah saba K%ma hao gayaa tao AifyaaoMga ko ipta nao saara
maamalaa jaa kr Sahr ko sardar kao batayaa. saba kuC saunanao ko baad
sardar nao yah kanaUna banaa idyaa ik kao[- BaI maata ipta ApnaI baoTI
kI SaadI iksaI AjanabaI sao nahIM kroMgao.
~ 26 ~
AifyaaoMga ko ipta nao ifr ]sa sao Apnao ek daost sao SaadI
krnao ko ilayao kha AaOr AifyaaoMga rajaI hao gayaI. vao daonaaoM bahut
idnaaoM tk KuSaI KuSaI rho. ]na ko k[- baccao BaI hue.
~ 27 ~
3 ek rajaa ijasa nao maugao- kI baoTI sao SaadI kI12

rajaa eoif,Aaoma kOlaobaar ko D\yaUk Sahr13 ka rajaa qaa. vah saundr
laD,ikyaaoM ka bahut SaaOkIna qaa. jaba BaI kBaI vah iksaI saundr
laD,kI ko baaro maoM saunata tao ]sa kao baulaa Baojata AaOr Agar vah ]sa
kao bahut AcCI lagatI tao ]sa sao SaadI BaI kr laota.
vah eosaa kr sakta qaa @yaaoM ik vah bahut AmaIr qaa AaOr ]sa
laD,kI ko maa^ baap kao iktnaa BaI pOsaa do sakta qaa ijatnaa vao
caahto. ]sa nao bahut saara pOsaa tao kovala dasaaoM kao baocanao AaOr
KrIdnao sao hI banaayaa qaa.
eoif,Aaoma ko pasa 250 pi%nayaa^ qaIM ifr BaI vah duinayaa^ kI
saundr saundr laD,ikyaaoM sao SaadI krnao kao tOyaar rhta. [saI ilayao
rajaa ko k[- daost BaI ]sa ko ilayao saundr laD,ikyaa^ ZU^Zto rhto.
ek baar ]sa ko ek daost nao ]sa sao kha
ik ek maugao- kI laD,kI [tnaI saundr hO ik vaOsaI
kao[- BaI laD,kI ]sa ko hrma maoM nahIM hO. jaOsao hI
rajaa nao yah saunaa tao ]sa nao maugao- kao baulaa Baojaa.
maugaa- Aayaa tao ]sa nao ]sa sao kha ik vah ]sa kI
laD,kI sao SaadI krnaa caahta hO.
12
13
A King Who Married a Daughter of a Cock a folktale of Calabar, Western Nigeria, Africa
Effiom was the King of Duke town of Calabar
~ 28 ~
maugaa- baocaara bahut garIba qaa saao rajaa kao naa nahIM kh saka.
vah ApnaI baoTI kao rajaa ko pasa lao Aayaa. maugao- kI laD,kI vaak[bahut saundr qaI. ]sa kI saundrta nao rajaa kao ]saI samaya maaoiht
kr ilayaa.
jaba rajaa nao maugao- kao 6 D/ma14 Bar kr pama ka tola ]sa kI
laDkI ko badlao maoM do idyaa tao maugao- nao ]sa kao haoiSayaar ikyaa ik
vah [sa baat ka Qyaana rKo ik maugao- kI baoTI haonao kI vajah sao ]sa
kI kuC AadtoM maugaI- jaOsaI hao saktI hOM.
[sa ilayao ]sa kao ]sa kI baoTI eoiDyaa ]naOna15 sao naaraja nahIM
haonaa caaihyao, jaOsao Agar vah khIM ma@ka ka danaa doKo AaOr ]sao
]za kr Ka lao, AaOr BaI kuC.
rajaa baaolaa ]sa kao [sa baat kI kao[- icanta nahIM qaI ik vah
@yaa KatI hO, @yaa pItI hO. basa vah ]sa ko pasa ]sa kI ranaI bana
kr rhnaI caaihyao.
rajaa nao eoiDyaa sao SaadI kr laI AaOr vah ]sa sao [tnaa KuSa
qaa ik ]sa nao ApnaI saarI pi%nayaaoM ko pasa jaanaa CaoD, idyaa AaOr
vah Apnaa saara samaya Aba eoiDyaa ko saaqa hI ibatata qaa.
eoiDyaa BaI ]sa kao KuSa rKnao kI pUrI kaoiSaSa krtI qaI yaha^
tk ik [sa kama maoM vah ]sa kI dUsarI pi%nayaaoM sao BaI Aagao qaI.
14
15
I have used the word Drum for Puncheon which is a pot of the capacity of 70-100 Gallons
Adia Unen
~ 29 ~
vah ]sa ko saaqa KolatI AaOr [tnaI trh sao ]sa ka mana bahlaatI
ik rajaa ]sa ko ibanaa rh hI nahIM sakta qaa.
vah hmaoSaa ]sao Apnao saaqa hI rKta AaOr Aba ApnaI puranaI
ip`ya pi%nayaaoM kI trf doKta BaI nahIM qaa.
halaaîk rajaa kI dUsarI pi%nayaa^ Aapsa maoM ek dUsaro sao bahut
nafrt krtIM qaIM pr rajaa ko [sa bartava sao vao [tnaI jyaada gaussaa
hu[-M ik ]nhaoM nao Aapsa maoM ek maIiTMga kI AaOr ]sa maoM yah tya payaa
ik vao Aapsa kI bajaaya [sa maugao- kI laD,kI sao bahut jyaada nafrt
krtIM hOM.
vah jaba sao [sa Gar maoM AayaI qaI tba sao ]na maoM sao iksaI kao
rajaa sao imalanao ka kao[- maaOka hI nahIM imalata qaa.
halaaîk kuC pi%nayaa^ rajaa kI phlao BaI ip`ya qaIM pr phlao kma
sao kma dUsarI pi%nayaaoM kao BaI kBaI kBaI ]sa sao imalanao ka maaOka
imala jaayaa krta qaa jaba vao ]sa kao Kasa trIko sao KuSa krtIM qaIM
pr Aba tao ]na kao vah maaOka BaI nahIM imalata qaa. ]na kI yah
halat ]sa phlao vaalaI halat sao khIM badtr qaI.
saao ApnaI [sa halat kao doKto hue saba nao yah tya ikyaa ik
eoiDyaa kao iksaI trIko sao naIcaa idKayaa jaayao.
kafI bahsa ko baad ]na maoM sao ek jaao rajaa kI AaiKrI ip`ya
p%naI qaI AaOr ijasa kao rajaa nao maugao- kI laD,kI Aanao ko baad CaoD,
idyaa qaa baaolaI yah laD,kI ijasa kao hma saba nafrt krto hOM
~ 30 ~
AaiKr vah hO @yaa caIja? ek maugao- kI laD,kI hI na. saao hma ]sa
kao rajaa kI najaraoM maoM baD,I AasaanaI sao igara sakto hOM.
maOM nao ]sa ko ipta kao yah khto hue saunaa qaa ik Agar ]sa kao
khIM ma@ka ko danao pD,o idKayaI do jaayaoM tao vah ]na kao Kayao ibanaa
nahIM rh saktI caaho vao khIM BaI AaOr kOsao BaI @yaaoM na pD,o haoM.
[<afak sao rajaa kI pi%nayaaoM kI maIiTMga K%ma haonao ko baad hI
rajya ko laaoga rajaa kao salaama krnao rajaa ko pasa Aayao. yah maaOka
saala maoM tIna baar Aata qaa.
]sa samaya laaoga rajaa ko ilayao yaama16, batK, bakro, AaOr nayaI
ma@ka BaoMT mao laato qao AaOr rajaa BaI ]na kao f,U f,U17 AaOr pama ko
tola kI caaOp iKlaata qaa AaOr Taombaao18 iplaata qaa. ek baD,o naaca
ka [ntjaama ikyaa jaata jaao k[- idna AaOr k[- rat calata qaa.
yah vaha^ kI rIit qaI ik ]sa davat ko Sau$ haonao
ko phlao idna saubah saubah rajaa kI baD,I p%naI ma@ka ka
ek Bau+a panaI sao QaaotI AaOr jaba saba laaoga Aa jaato qao
tao ]na saba ko saamanao ]sa kao ek kOlaobaaSa maoM laatI
AaOr ]sa kao jamaIna pr foMktI AaOr calaI jaatI.
[sa baar ]sao ]sa Bau+o kao eoiDyaa ko saamanao foMknaa qaa.
A kind of root tuber vegetable which is very popular food of Nigeria.
Foo Foo is a very popular food of Nigeria.
18
A kind of African drink
16
17
~ 31 ~
saubah ko 10 bajao jaba saaro sardar laaoga [k{o hao

gayao AaOr rajaa BaI ApnaI lakD,I kI kursaI pr baOz
gayaa tba ek naaOkranaI Bau+a lao kr AayaI AaOr ]sa
kao ]sa nao jamaIna pr foMk idyaa.
jaOsao hI ]sa nao vah Bau+a jamaIna pr foMka eoiDyaa
]sa kI trf baZ,I AaOr ]sa nao ]sao ]za kr Kanaa Sau$ kr idyaa.
yah doK kr vaha^ baOzo saaro laaoga h^sa pD,o AaOr rajaa tao Sama- sao panaI
panaI hao gayaa.
rajaa kI pi%nayaaoM AaOr laaogaaoM nao kha hma nao tao saaocaa qaa
ik rajaa kI saba sao ip`ya ranaI nao Aba tk kUD,o kI trh foMkI gayaI
ma@ka jamaIna pr sao ]za kr Kanao kI bajaaya Kanaa Kanao ko SaahI
ZMga saIK ilayao haoMgao.
kuC AaOr baaolao ek maugao- kI laD,kI sao AaOr ]mmaId BaI
@yaa kI jaa saktI hO? ]sa baocaarI kao ]sa kI janma kI AadtaoM ko
ilayao @yaa khnaa
pr rajaa ]sa saba sao [tnaa proSaana huAa ik ]sa nao Apnao
naaOkaraoM kao kha ik vao eoiDyaa ka saba saamaana baa^Qa kr ]sao ]sa ko
ipta ko pasa CaoD, AayaoM. naaOkr turnt hI rajaa ka hukuma bajaa
laayao AaOr eoiDyaa kao ]sa ko ipta ko Gar CuD,vaa idyaa gayaa.
~ 32 ~
]sa rat rajaa kI tIsarI p%naI nao jaao eoiDyaa kI daost qaI rajaa
sao [sa baaro maoM baat kI ik yah tao kovala rajaa kI baD,I p%naI kI
jalana qaI ijasa kI vajah sao eoiDyaa kI AaOr ]sa kI [tnaI
bao[jjatI hu[-.
]sa nao rajaa sao yah BaI kha ik yah saba ]sa kI pi%nayaaoM ka
phlao sao tya kI gayaI yaaojanaa qaI taik rajaa eoiDyaa kao Gar sao
inakala sako @yaaoM ik rajaa kI saarI pi%nayaa^ eoiDyaa sao jalatI qaIM.
rajaa yah sauna kr AaOr BaI jyaada gaussaa huAa AaOr ]sa nao
inaScaya kr ilayaa ik vah ApnaI baD,I p%naI kao ]sa ko maayako
KalaI haqa Baoja dogaa yaanaI vah ]sa kao kao[- kpD,o AaOr BaoMT nahIM
dogaa AaOr ]sa nao vahI ikyaa BaI.
jaba vah Apnao Gar phu^caI tao ]sa ko maata ipta nao ]sa kao Gar
maoM nahIM Gausanao idyaa @yaaoM ik vao tao ]sa kao rajaa kao do cauko qao AaOr
jaba BaI ]na kao kuC caaihyao qaa vah ]na kao mahla sao imala jaata
qaa. [sa trh kI halat maoM ]sa kao rKnao ka matlaba qaa ]na ka
bahut baD,a nauksaana.
saao vah gailayaaoM maoM AaOr saD,k pr baD,I garIba saI halat maoM [Qar
]Qar GaUmatI rhI AaOr kuC samaya baad garIbaI AaOr BaUK sao mar gayaI.
rajaa kao BaI ApnaI ip`ya p%naI eoiDyaa kao inakalanao ka [tnaa jyaada
duK huAa ik vah BaI Agalao saala mar gayaa.
~ 33 ~
AaOr jaba gaa^va vaalaaoM nao yah saba doKa tao ek kanaUna banaayaa
ik kao[- BaI AadmaI iksaI jaanavar yaa pxaI sao SaadI nahIM krogaa.
~ 34 ~
4 ek kCuAa AaOr ]sa kI saundr baoTI19

yah AfrIka ko naa[jaIiryaa doSa kI laaok kqaa hO ijasa maoM ek
rajakumaar ka idla ek kCue kI baoTI pr Aa jaata hO. jaba rajaa
]sa kao doKta hO tao vah BaI maana jaata hO ik ha^ kCue kI baoTI
bahut saundr hO AaOr ]sa ko baoTo kI bahU bananao ko laayak hO.
ek baar kI baat hO ik naa[jaIiryaa maoM ek bahut hI taktvar
rajaa raja krta qaa. vah rajaa [tnaa taktvar qaa ik saaro jaMgalaI
jaanavar AaOr dUsaro jaanavar BaI ]sa ka kha maanato qao.
]na idnaaoM kCuAa saaro jaanavaraoM AaOr AadimayaaoM maoM saba sao
A@lamand jaanavar samaJaa jaata qaa.
[sa rajaa ko ek laD,ka qaa ijasa ka naama ekpOnyaaOna20 qaa.
rajaa nao Apnao [sa laD,ko ko SaadI 50 saundr laD,ikyaaoM ko saaqa kr
dI qaI pr ]sa kao ]na maoM sao ek BaI psand nahIM qaI. rajaa [sa baat
sao bahut gaussaa qaa.
]sa nao Apnao rajya maoM yah maunaadI ipTvaa rKI qaI ik Agar
kao[- laD,kI ]sa ko baoTo kI pi%nayaaoM sao jyaada saundr haogaI AaOr vah
]sa ko baoTo kao AcCI laga gayaI tao vah ]sa kao AaOr ]sa ko maata
ipta daonaaoM kao maar dogaa.
19
20
A Tortoise With a Beautiful Daughter a folktale from Calabar, Southern Nigeria

Ekpenyon
~ 35 ~
Aba [sa rajaa ko rajya maoM

ek kCuAa BaI rhta qaa ijasa
kI baoTI bahut hI saundr qaI.
maa^ nao saaocaa ik [tnaI saundr
laD,kI kao Gar maoM rKnaa zIk
nahIM @yaaoM ik Agar khIM
rajakumaar nao ]sa kao doK ilayaa AaOr vah ]sa kao psand krnao lagaa
tao vao saba bahut mauiSkla maoM pD, jaayaoMgao.
]sa nao Apnao pit sao kha ik yaa tao vah ApnaI baoTI kao maar
do yaa ifr ]sao khIM jaMgala maoM CaoD, Aayao.
pr ipta kCuAa ApnaI baoTI kao bahut Pyaar krta qaa [sa
ilayao vah ]sa kao maarnaa nahIM caahta qaa saao iksaI trIko sao ]sa nao
]sa kao tIna saala tk Gar maoM iCpa kr rKa.
ek idna jaba kCuAa AaOr ]sa kI p%naI daonaaoM Apnao KotaoM pr
kama krnao gayao hue qao tao rajakumaar iSakar Kolanao ko ilayao jaMgala maoM
]na ko Gar kI trf Aa inaklaa.
]sa kao ek icaD,a kCue ko Gar kI baaD, pr baOza idKayaI do
gayaa. icaD,a kCue kI ]sa saundr baoTI kI trf [tnaI magana hao kr
doK rha qaa ik ]sa kao pta hI nahIM calaa ik kba rajakumaar vaha^
pasa maoM Aa gayaa.
~ 36 ~
rajakumaar nao ek tIr calaayaa AaOr vah icaD,a mar kr ]sa Gar
kI baaD, ko Andr kI trf igar pD,a. rajakumaar nao Apnao ek
naaOkr kao ]sao ]zanao ko ilayao Baojaa.
jaba vah naaOkr ]sa icaD,o kao ZU^Z rha qaa tao ]sa kao BaI kCue
kI vah laD,kI idKayaI do gayaI. vah BaI ]sa kI saundrta sao [tnaa
jyaada p`Baaivat huAa ik vah turnt hI rajakumaar ko pasa Baagaa
gayaa AaOr jaa kr ]sao jaao kuC ]sa nao doKa qaa bata idyaa.
rajakumaar turnt Baagaa Baagaa Aayaa AaOr ]sa baccaI ko doKto
hI ]sa kao ]sa sao Pyaar hao gayaa. ]sa nao vaha^ ruk kr tba tk ]sa
sao baatoM kIM jaba tk ik vah ]sa sao SaadI ko ilayao rajaI nahIM hao
gayaI.
baad maoM vah Gar calaa gayaa pr ]sa nao Apnao ipta kao yah nahIM
batayaa ik vah kCue kI laD,kI kao Pyaar krnao lagaa qaa.
Agalao idna ]sa nao Apnao KjaaMcaI kao baulaayaa AaOr 60 kpD,o
ko TukD,o AaOr 300 DMiDyaa^21 kCue kao iBajavaayaIM. ifr daophr
baad vah Kud BaI kCue sao imalanao gayaa AaOr ]sa sao kha ik vah ]sa
kI baoTI sao SaadI krnaa caahta qaa.
kCuAa turnt Baa^p gayaa ik ijasa pla sao vah Dr rha qaa vahI
saamanao KD,a qaa AaOr Aba ]na tInaaoM kI ijandgaI kao Ktra qaa.
21
Translated for the word Rods may be the currency used at that time in Nigeria
~ 37 ~
pr vah QaIrja rK kr rajakumaar sao baaolaa Agar rajaa kao

[sa baat ka pta cala gayaa tao vah na kovala mauJao bailk maorI p%naI
AaOr baoTI kao BaI maar dogaa. rajakumaar baaolaa ik ]na laaogaaoM ko maaro
jaanao sao phlao vah Kud kao maar laogaa.
kafI ijad ko baad AaiKrkar kCuAa maana gayaa AaOr ]sa nao
kha ik vah ApnaI baoTI kI SaadI rajakumaar sao kr dogaa pr eosaa
vah jaba krogaa jaba ]sa kI baoTI SaadI ko laayak hao jaayaogaI tba.
]sa ko baad rajakumaar Gar calaa gayaa AaOr jaa kr ApnaI maa^
kao batayaa ik vah @yaa kr ko Aayaa qaa.
yah sauna kr tao ]sa kI maa^ kao bahut icanta hao gayaI ik Aba
]sa ka baoTa gayaa. vah Apnao baoTo kao bahut Pyaar krtI qaI. ]sa
kao ivaSvaasa qaa ik jaba rajaa [sa saba ko baaro maoM saunaogaa vah ja$r
hI ]sa kao maar dogaa.
halaaîk ranaI jaanatI qaI ik rajaa jaba yah saba saunaogaa tao
iktnaa gaussaa haogaa ifr BaI vah caahtI qaI ik ]sa ka baoTa ]sa
laD,kI sao SaadI ja$r krlao ijasa kao vah [tnaa Pyaar krta qaa.
yah saaoca kr vah kCue ko pasa gayaI AaOr ]sa kao kuC AaOr
pOsao, kpD,o, yaama22 AaOr pama ka tola23 Apnao baoTo kI trf sao do
AayaI taik vah ApnaI baoTI kI SaadI iksaI AaOr sao na kr do.
Yam is kind of root vegetable widely eaten in southern Nigeria. It reaches up to even 5-6 pound of
weight each piece.
23
Palm oil extracted from palm tree nuts and is most used cooking oil in Nigeria
22
~ 38 ~
Agalao 5 saala tk rajakumaar kCue kI baoTI eoDOT24 sao barabar

imalata jaulata rha. eoDOT kao SaadI ko Gar25 maoM rKnao sao zIk phlao
rajakumaar nao Apnao ipta sao kha ik vah eODOT sao SaadI krnao jaa
rha qaa.
yah sauna kr tao rajaa Aaga babaUlaa hao gayaa. ]sa nao Apnao saaro
rajya maoM maunaadI ipTvaa dI ik flaa^ idna saaro laaoga fOsalaa saunanao ko
ilayao caaOraho pr AayaoM.
inaiScat idna pr saaro laaoga caaOraho pr [k{a hue AaOr rajaa
AaOr ranaI BaI saba ko baIca maoM Apnao Apnao p%qaraoM pr baOz gayao.
baOznao ko baad rajaa AaOr ranaI nao Apnao naaOkraoM kao eoDOT kao vaha^
laanao ko ilayao kha.
jaba eoDOT vaha^ AayaI tao rajaa Kud BaI ]sa kI saundrta doK
kr hOrana rh gayaa.
ifr ]sa nao Apnao Aayao hue laaogaaoM sao kha ik ]sa nao ]na saba
kao yah khnao ko ilayao baulaayaa hO ik vah Apnao baoTo sao bahut naaraja
hO @yaaoM ik ]sa nao rajaa ka khnaa nahIM maanaa hO AaOr ibanaa ]sa kI
jaanakarI ko eoDOT sao SaadI krnao kao tOyaar hO.
Adet
Marriage House In Nigeria it is a custom that the girl who is to be married, is kept in a separate
hut with her friends for some days (or a couple of months) depending on a particular tribes custom.
She does not do any work, just keeps herself happy till she is married. She is fed well during that
period.
24
25
~ 39 ~
pr Aba jaba ]sa nao eoDOT kao doK ilayaa hO tba vah yah yakIna
sao kh sakta hU^ ik vah vaak[- bahut saundr hO AaOr ]sa ko baoTo nao
bahut hI AcCI laD,kI caunaI hO. [sa ilayao vah Apnao baoTo kao maaf
krta hO.
jaba laaogaaoM nao laD,kI kao doKa tao ]na kao BaI lagaa ik laD,kI
bahut AcCI hO AaOr rajakumaar kI p%naI bananao ko laayak hO. ]nhaoM
nao rajaa sao pàqa-naa kI ik Aba ]sa GaaoYaNaa kao vah ibalkula hI K%ma
kr do jaao ]sa nao phlao krayaI qaI. rajaa nao yah maana ilayaa.
pr phlao vaalaI GaaoYaNaa @yaaoM ik [-baao ko inayamaaoM26 ko Anausaar
hu[- qaI [sa ilayao rajaa nao Aaz [-baao kao baulavaayaa AaOr ]na kao
batayaa ik Aba rajya Bar maoM sao vah GaaoYaNaa hTa laI gayaI hO AaOr
Aba kao[- BaI maata ipta AaOr ]na kI baoTI jaao rajakumaar kI
pi%nayaaoM sao jyaada saundr haogaI nahIM maarI jaayaogaI.
ifr rajaa nao [-baao kao ]sa GaaoYaNaa kao hTanao ko ilayao pama kI
Saraba AaOr pOsao idyao AaOr ]na kao Aadr saiht vaapsa Baoja idyaa.
]na kao Baojanao ko baad rajaa nao Apnao baoTo AaOr eoDOT kI SaadI kI
GaaoYaNaa kI AaOr daonaaoM kI SaadI ]saI idna kr dI gayaI.
daonaaoM kI SaadI kI Saanadar davat dI gayaI jaao 50 idna tk
calaI.
26
Laws of Igbos
~ 40 ~
rajaa nao Apnao baoTo kI SaadI maoM pa^ca gaaya maarIM. davat maoM bahut
saara fU fU27 qaa, pama ko tola ko caaOp qao AaOr saD,kaoM pr pama kI
Saraba ko baD,o baD,o bartna rKo hue qao taik iksaI kao pInao kI kao[kmaI na rho.
kuC is~yaaoM nao rajaa ko saamanao ek naaTk poSa ikyaa AaOr saaro
samaya gaanaa AaOr naacanaa calata rha. rajakumaar AaOr ]sa ko
saaiqayaaoM nao BaI caaOraho pr k[- Kola Kolao.
jaba SaadI kI davat K%ma hao gayaI tao rajaa nao raja krnao ko
ilayao kCue kao Apnaa AaQaa rajya do idyaa AaOr ]sa ko Kot maoM
kama krnao ko ilayao 300 dasa do idyao.
rajakumaar nao BaI Apnao sasaur kao ]sa kI saovaa ko ilayao 200
is~yaa^ AaOr 100 saundr laD,ikyaa^ dIM. [sa saba kao pa kr kCuAa
rajya ka saba sao AmaIr AadmaI hao gayaa.
rajakumaar AaOr kCue kI baoTI daonaaoM bahut idnaaoM tk Aarama sao
rho. ifr rajaa mar gayaa AaOr ]sa ko baad rajakumaar rajaa bana
gayaa.
yah khanaI batatI hO ik kCuAa saaro AadimayaaoM AaOr jaanavaraoM
mao saba sao jyaada A@lamand haota hO.
[sa khanaI sao hmaoM yah iSaxaa BaI imalatI hO ik saba kao saundr
baoTI Apnao pasa rKnaI caaihyao @yaaoM ik kaOna jaanao kba kao[27
A kind of Nigerian food
~ 41 ~
rajakumaar Aa jaayao AaOr ]sa ka haqa pkD, kr lao jaayao AaOr kba
vao SaahI pirvaar maoM Saaimala hao jaayaoM AaOr kba ]na ko maata ipta
AmaIr hao jaayaoM.
~ 42 ~
5 BaOMsa s~I jaadU kI khanaI28

yah laaok kqaa Amaoirka maoM rhnao vaalao puranao laaogaaoM29 maoM khI saunaI
jaanao vaalaI ek laaok kqaa hO. [sa maoM ek AadmaI kao ek BaOMsa sao
SaadI krnaI pD,tI hO. pr ifr @yaa huAa , , , ,?
kODao gaa^va ko laaogaaoM ko Da@Tr barf ko icaD,o ko ek baoTa qaa.
jaba vah kuC baD,a hao gayaa tao ]sa ka naama rKa gayaa.
barf ko icaD,o nao ]sa ka naama vaIrta rK idyaa @yaaoM ik vah
baD,a vaIr tqaa saahsaI qaa. kODao gaa^va kI bahut saarI laD,ikyaa^ ]sa
saI SaadI krnaa caahtIM qaIM pr vah iksaI kI trf BaI Qyaana nahIM
dota qaa.
ek idna vah iSakar ko ilayao inaklaa tao ]sa nao saamanao ek poD,
ko naIcao iksaI kao baOzo hue doKa.
pasa jaa kr doKa tao vaha^ ek laD,kI baOzI hu[- qaI. vah ]sa
kao doK kr vaapsa jaanao lagaa tao ]sa laD,kI nao ]sao baD,I maIzI saI
Aavaaja maoM pukara yaha^ AaAao.
vaIrta ]sa ko pasa gayaa tao ]sa nao doKa ik vah laD,kI bahut
CaoTI AaOr bahut saundr qaI.
28
29
Buffalo Woman a Caddo peoples folktale, a folktale from Native Americans, America
Native Americans people who lived before its discovery
~ 43 ~
laD,kI baaolaI mauJao maalaUma qaa ik tuma yaha^ AaAaogao [saI

ilayao maOM tuma sao imalanao ko ilayao yaha^ calaI AayaI.
vaIrta baaolaa tuma hmaarI jaOsaI tao nahIM hao, tuma nao kOsao
jaanaa ik maOM yaha^ Aa}^gaa.
laD,kI baaolaI maOM BaOMsa s~I hU^. maOM nao tuma kao dUr sao phlao
k[- baar doKa hO. maOM caahtI hU^ ik tuma mauJao Apnao Gar lao calaao AaOr
mauJao Apnao saaqa rKao.
vaIrta baaolaa maOM tuma kao Apnao Gar tao lao jaa sakta hU^
prntu maoro saaqa rhnao ko ilayao tuma kao phlao maoro maata ipta sao pUCnaa
pD,ogaa. laD,kI baaolaI zIk hO AaOr vaIrta ]sa kao Apnao Gar lao
gayaa.
vaha^ phu^ca kr laD,kI nao ]sa ko maata ipta sao pUCa ik @yaa
vah vaIrta ko saaqa SaadI kr ko vaha^ rh saktI hO.
vaIrta ko maata ipta nao kha ik Agar vaIrta eosaa krnaa caaho
tao vah eosaa kr sakta hO. ]nhoM kao[- etraja nahIM hO.
saao vaIrta AaOr ]sa BaOMsa s~I daonaaoM kI kODao rIit irvaajaaoM sao
SaadI hao gayaI. bahut idnaaoM tk vao sauK sao rho.
ek idna vah BaOMsa s~I baaolaI vaIrta, @yaa jaOsaa maOM khU^
vaOsaa tuma kraogao?
vaIrta baaolaa ha^ k$^gaa yaid tuma nao kao[- eosaI vaOsaI baat
krnao ko ilayao nahIM kha tao.
~ 44 ~
vah s~I baaolaI maOM caahtI hU^ ik tuma maoro laaogaaoM sao BaI
imalaao.
vaIrta baaolaa zIk hO.
AaOr daonaaoM ]sa BaOMsa s~I ko Gar cala idyao.
calato calato vao ek phaD,I pr Aayao tao s~I nao yakayak vaIrta
kao yaad idlaayaa tuma nao kha qaa na ik maOM jaao kuC khU^gaI vah
tuma kraogao.
vaIrta baaolaa ha^.
s~I baaolaI maora Gar [sa phaD,I ko ]sa par hO. jaba maOM
ApnaI maa^ ko pasa phucaU^gaI tao maOM tuma kao bata dU^gaI.
vaha^ kuC AadmaI BaI AayaoMgao jaao tuma kao BaD,kanao kI kaoiSaSa
kroMgao pr tuma iksaI pr BaI naaraja na haonaa. kuC laaoga tuma kao
maarnao kI BaI kaoiSaSa kr sakto hOM.
vaIrta nao pUCa magar vao eosaa @yaaoM kroMgao?
[sa pr vah baaolaI tumharo mauJao jaananao sao phlao maOM tuma kao
jaanatI qaI. vaastva maoM Apnao jaadU ko jaaor sao ]sa idna maOM nao tuma kao
Apnao pasa baulaayaa qaa.
gaussaa haonao ko ilayao maOM nao tuma kao [sailayao manaa ikyaa hO @yaaoM ik
Agar tuma gaussaa haogao tao bahut saaro laaoga imala kr tuma sao laD,oMgao AaOr
tumhoM maar DalaoMgao.
~ 45 ~
vao tuma sao jalaoMgao BaI @yaaoM ik ]na maoM sao k[- laaogaaoM sao maOM nao SaadI
krnao sao manaa kr idyaa qaa.
vaIrta baaolaa pr Aba tao tuma maorI p%naI hao.
vah s~I baaolaI ha^, vaha^ jaa kr tumhoM jaao kuC krnaa hO
vah maOM nao tuma kao bata idyaa. Aba tuma jamaIna pr laoT kr dao baar
lauZ,k jaaAao.
vaIrta ]sa kI Aaor doK kr mauskurayaa AaOr jaOsaa ]sa kI
p%naI nao kha qaa vaOsaa hI ikyaa. jaba vah dao baar lauZ,k kr KD,a
huAa tao vah BaOMsa bana cauka qaa. ]Qar vah s~I BaI dao baar lauZ,k
kr BaOMsa bana caukI qaI.
Aba vah s~I vaIrta kao phaD, kI caaoTI pr lao gayaI AaOr naIcao
saOMkD,aoM BaOMsaaoM kao idKa kr baaolaI doKao, yao saba maoro AadmaI hOM,
AaOr yah maora Gar hO.
jaba saba sao pasa vaalao BaOMsaaoM ko JauMD nao ]na kao Aato doKa tao
vah vahIM KD,a hao gayaa pr baad maoM vao Apnao Gar phu^ca gayao.
vaha^ vao laaoga dao mahInao rho. A@sar kuC BaOMsao Aa kr vaIrta
ko gaussao kao jagaanao kI kaoiSaSa krto prntu vaIrta ]na kI baat
saunaI AnasaunaI kr dota.
ek rat vah s~I baaolaI Aba hma Gar vaapsa jaayaoMgao.
~ 46 ~
AaOr vao daonaaoM phaD,I pr inakla ilayao AaOr vaha^ Aayao jaha^ vao
BaOMsaaoM maoM badlao qao. vaha^ Aa kr vao jamaIna pr ifr sao dao baar lauZ,ko
AaOr AadmaI AaOr s~I bana gayao.
]sa s~I nao ifr kha yaad rKnaa, [sa jaadU ko baaro maoM tuma
iksaI kao batanaa nahIM tao hmaara bahut nauksaana haogaa.
vao laaoga vaIrta ko Gar maoM ifr sao ek saala rho. ek saala ko
baad ]sa s~I nao ifr kha ik vah Apnao maata ipta ko Gar jaanaa
caahtI hO saao vao daonaaoM ifr sao ]sa s~I ko Gar calao gayao.
vaha^ jaa kr ]sa nao vaIrta kao batayaa ik kuC BaOMsao ]sa sao daOD,
ka maukabalaa krnaa caahto hOM AaOr yaid ]sa nao ]na kao na hrayaa tao
vao ]sa kao maar doMgao.
]sa rat vaIrta kao naIMd nahIM AayaI. vah rat maoM GaUmanao inakla
gayaa. vah Amaavasyaa kI rat qaI. kuC BaI idKayaI nahIM do rha qaa
pr vah hvaa kao mahsaUsa kr rha qaa.
hvaa ]sa ko kanaaoM maoM fusafusaayaI tuma ABaI javaana hao,
taktvar hao prntu maorI sahayata ko ibanaa tuma ]na BaOMsaaoM kao nahIM hra
sakto AaOr Agar tuma har gayao tao vao tumhoM maar DalaoMgao. AaOr Agar
tuma jaIt gayao tao ifr vao kBaI tuma kao daOD, ko ilayao nahIM
lalakaroMgao.
vaIrta nao pUCa pr maOM Apnaa jaIvana AaOr ApnaI saundr
p%naI kao bacaanao ko ilayao @yaa k$^?
~ 47 ~
tba hvaa nao vaIrta kao dao caIjaoM dIM, ek tao jaadu[- jaD,I baUTI
AaOr dUsarI jaadU kI ima+I, AaOr baaolaI daOD, maoM jaba BaOsaoM tumharo
pasa Aa jaayaoM tao phlao tuma Apnao pICo kI Aaor yah jaD,I baUTI
foMknaa AaOr Agar vao daobaara tumharo pasa tk Aa jaayaoM tao ]na ko
}pr yah saUKI ima+I foMk donaa.
vaIrta vao daonaaoM caIjaoM lao kr Gar Aa gayaa AaOr saao gayaa. Agalao
idna daOD, Sau$ hu[-. phlao tao vaIrta baD,I tojaI sao daOD,a pr jaldI
hI dUsaro BaOMsao ]sa sao Aagao inaklanao lagao. ]sa nao turnt hI hvaa kI
dI hu[- jaadU kI jaD,I baUTI pICo kI trf foMk dI.
[sa samaya ]sao eosaa laga rha qaa ik jaOsao vah bahut qak gayaa
qaa AaOr Aba AaOr nahIM daOD, sakta qaa.
]sa nao pICo mauD, kr doKa ik ek BaOMsaa Apnaa isar pkD,o baD,I
tojaI sao Baagata calaa Aa rha qaa. jaOsao hI vah ]sa ko pasa tk
Aayaa, vaIrta nao turnt hI vah jaadu[- ima+I BaI pICo kI Aaor foMk
dI.
vah turnt hI ]na BaOMsaaoM sao ifr sao kafI Aagao hao gayaa prntu
hvaa kI dI hu[- daonaaoM hI caIjaoM ]sa nao Kca- kr DalaIM qaIM
vah ApnaI daOD, Ktma haonao vaalaI laa[na ko pasa phu^canao hI
vaalaa qaa ik ]sa nao ]na BaOMsaaoM ko pOraoM kI AavaajaoM ifr sao saunaI.
~ 48 ~
[saI samaya ]sa ko mau^h pr hvaa ka ek toja JaaoMka lagaa ijasa

sao bahut saarI QaUla ]D,I AaOr ]sa QaUla kI vajah sao pICo vaalao BaOMsaoM
pICo hI rh gayao AaOr vaIrta nao vah daOD, BaI jaIt laI.
ifr iksaI nao ]sa kao kuC nahIM kha AaOr vaIrta AaOr ]sa kI
p%naI daonaaoM vaha^ Aarama sao rho.
kuC idna ]sa s~I ko Gar rhnao ko baad vao daonaaoM ifr sao vaIrta
ko Gar Aa gayao. vaha^ Aa kr ]sa s~I nao ek saundr pu~ kao janma
idyaa. ]nhaoM nao ]sa ka naama BaOMsa laD,ka30 rK idyaa.
ek idna jaba vah s~I Kanaa banaa rhI qaI tao vah laD,ka baahr
Kolanao gayaa huAa qaa. vaha^ ]sa nao bahut saaro Kola Kolao AaOr ifr
ek Kola Kolaa ijasa maoM vao saba BaOMsa banao.
]na maoM sao kuC baccao BaOMsaaoM kI trh jamaIna pr BaI laaoTo. vah
BaOMsa laD,ka BaI laaoTa. jaOsao hI vah dao baar lauZ,ka tao vah AsalaI
BaOMsa ka baccaa bana gayaa. dUsaro baccao yah doK kr Dr gayao AaOr
Apnao Apnao GaraoM kao Baaga gayao.
[saI samaya ]sa BaOMsa laD,ko kI maa^ ]sao ZÛZtI hu[- Aa gayaI tao
]sa nao doKa ik dUsaro baccao Apnao Apnao GaraoM kI Aaor Baagao jaa rho
hOM tao vah samaJa gayaI ik ja$r kuC gaD,baD, hO.
30
Buffalo Boy
~ 49 ~
tBaI ]sa kao Apnaa baoTa BaOMsa kI Sa@la maoM idKayaI idyaa. ]sa
kao gaaod maoM ]za kr vah vaha^ sao Baaga laI. kuC dUr jaa kr ]sa nao
Apnao Aap kao BaI BaOMsa maoM badlaa AaOr piScama kI trf cala dI.
Saama kao vaIrta jaba Gar vaapsa Aayaa tao na tao ]sao ApnaI
p%naI idKayaI dI AaOr na hI Apnaa baoTa.
baahr baccaaoM sao pUCnao pr pta calaa ik vao BaOMsaaoM ka ek Kola
Kola rho qao AaOr jaadU sao ]sa ka baoTa BaOMsa bana gayaa.
phlao tao vaIrta kao [sa baat pr ivaSvaasa nahIM huAa pr baad maoM
]sa kao Qyaana Aayaa tao ]sa kao lagaa ik vah saba tao saca hao sakta
qaa. @yaaoM ik phlao vah Kud BaI tao [saI p`kar hI BaOsa banaa qaa.
]sa nao ]na daonaaoM kao ZU^Znao kI bahut kaoiSaSa kI prntu vao daonaaoM
]sa kao ifr kBaI nahIM imalao.
~ 50 ~
6 naIlao inaSaana vaalaa AadmaI31

yah laaok kqaa ]<arI Amaoirka ko blaD [inDyansa maoM khI saunaI jaanao
vaalaI laaok kqaa hO. [sa kqaa kI KUbaI yah hO ik [sa maoM tao
AadmaI kao yah pta hI nahIM calata ik ]sa kI SaadI ek BaOMsa sao
hao gayaI hO.
blaD [MiDyansa32 ]<arI Amaoirka ko roD [inDyansa maoM saba sao
AiQak taktvar AaOr gaussao vaalao laaoga hOM. rOvana33 Aaid kI
khainayaa^ tao duinayaa^ banaanao sao sambainQat qaIM prntu yao blaD khainayaa^
saaQaarNa p`kar kI khainayaa^ hOM.
lagata hO ik [na laaogaaoM ko yaha^ 4 baD,a piva~ nambar maanaa jaata
hO jaOsao 3 nambar BaartIya AaOr yaUraoipyana laaogaaoM maoM samaJaa jaata hO.
[sa khanaI maoM BaOMsaaoM ka naaca 4 baar haota hO. BaOMsa ka kTra34
BaI 4 baar hI naacata hO AaOr AadmaI kI maa^ BaI 4 baar hI AadmaI
ka kha huAa vaa@ya baaolatI hO. tao laao pZ,ao kOnaoDa kI yah khanaI
A Man With Blue Mark a falktale from Blood Indians of Native Indians of Northern America and
Canada
32
Blood Indians
33
Ravens Folktales are available in two parts from the author of this book
34
The son of buffalo is called Kataraa in Hindi.
31
~ 51 ~
ek baar kI baat hO ik ek AadmaI khIM jaa rha qaa ik ]sa

kao ek BaOMsa kIcaD, maoM f^saI idKayaI dI. ]sa kao ]sa BaOMsa pr dyaa
Aa gayaI.
pasa maoM hI ]sa kao ek DMDa pD,a idKayaI do gayaa tao ]sa nao
]sa BaOMsa kao ]sa DMDo sao kaoMcanaa Sau$ kr idyaa. kuC pla baad hI
vah BaOMsa kUdI AaOr ]sa kIcaD, sao baahr inakla gayaI.
AadmaI yah doK kr bahut KuSa huAa ik vah BaOMsa kI sahayata
kr saka. BaOMsa kao inakala kr AadmaI Apnao rasto calaa gayaa AaOr
BaOMsa Apnao rasto calaI gayaI.
[sa baat kao kafI samaya baIt gayaa. vasant Aayaa. saBaI BaOMsaaoM
nao Apnao Apnao baccaaoM kao janma idyaa. ]sa BaOMsa nao BaI ek kTro kao
janma idyaa jaao kIcaD, maoM f^sa gayaI qaI.
yah kTra jaba baD,a huAa tao Apnao saaqaI baCD,aoM ko saaqa Kolanao
lagaa. pr dUsaro baCD,o Apnao CaoTo CaoTo saIMga maar kr ]sa kao CoD,to
AaOr khto tU BaOMsa ka baccaa nahIM hO. tU tao AadmaI ka baccaa
hO.
kTro nao yah saba ApnaI maa^ sao kha tao ]sa kI maa^ nao kha
Agar eosaI baat hO tao hma tumharo ipta kI tlaaSa kroMgao. AaOr
daonaaoM maa^ baoTo ]sa kTro ko ipta kao ZU^Znao inakla pD,o.
kafI idnaaoM tk [Qar ]Qar GaUmato rhnao ko baad vao ek GaaTI maoM
basao ek gaa^va maoM Aayao. ]sa kTro nao AadmaI ka $p rK kr ]sa
~ 52 ~
gaa^va ko baccaaoM ko saaqa Kolanaa Sau$ kr idyaa. idna Bar vah ]na ko
saaqa Kolata AaOr Saama kao vah pasa ko poD,aoM ko ek JauMD kI trf
calaa jaata.
gaa^va maoM yah iksaI kao yah pta na cala saka ik vah baccaa kaOna
hO, kha^ sao Aata hO AaOr kha^ calaa jaata hO. ek AadmaI kI ]sa
baccao ko baaro maoM jaananao kI [cCa hu[- tao ]sa nao dUsaro baccaaoM sao ]sa
baccao sao ]sa ko baaro maoM pUCnao ko ilayao kha.
Agalao idna jaba vah baccaa Aayaa tao dUsaro baccaaoM nao ]sa baccao sao
pUCa tuma kaOna hao? tuma [Qar ]Qar @yaaoM GaUma rho hao?
baccao nao javaaba idyaa maOM Apnao ipta kI Kaoja kr rha
hU^. laaogaaoM nao kha ik yaid eosaa hO tao hmaoM ]sa kao saba GaraoM maoM lao
jaanaa caaihyao taik vah Apnao ipta kao phcaana sako.
ek Saama ]na laaogaaoM nao gaa^va ko saBaI SaadISauda AadimayaaoM kao
ek jagah [k{a ikyaa AaOr ]sa laD,ko kao baulaa kr pUCa
baaolaao baoTo, [na maoM sao tumhara ipta kaOna hO?
laD,ko nao saba kI trf doK kr kha kao[- nahIM.
ifr gaa^va ko saBaI kuÂaro AadimayaaoM ko [k{a ikyaa gayaa AaOr
]sa laD,ko sao pUCa gayaa Aba bataAao baoTo, [na maoM sao kao[tumhara ipta hO?
~ 53 ~
laD,ko nao Aba kI baar doK kr ek AadmaI kI trf [Saara

kr ko kha yah hOM maoro ipta.
vaha^ Aayao hue saBaI laaogaaoM kao Kanaa iKlaayaa gayaa. ]sa
AadmaI kI qaalaI maoM ijasa kI trf ]sa baccao nao [Saara ikyaa qaa
AiQak Kanaa praosaa gayaa taik vah Apnao baoTo kao Apnao saaqa
Kanaa iKlaa sako.
vah laD,ka ]sa AadmaI ko pasa baOza huAa qaa AaOr vah AadmaI
yah saaoca rha qaa ik vah laD,ka ]sa ko pasa @yaaoM baOza huAa qaa.
jaba saba laaoga Kanaa Ka cauko tao vao saBaI vaha^ sao cala idyao.
laD,ka ]sa AadmaI sao baaolaa Aa[yaoo, maoro saaqa Aa[yaoo.
AaOr vah laD,ka ]sa AadmaI kao gaa^va ko baahr lao jaa kr
baaolaa maOM Apnao ipta kao ZU^Z rha qaa saao Aaja vah mauJao imala
gayao. Aap hI hOM maoro ipta.
vah AadmaI tao yah sauna kr h@ka ba@ka rh gayaa. ]sa nao
saaocaa ik maOM tao iksaI s~I kao jaanata tk nahIM ifr maora yah baccaa
kha^ sao Aa gayaa.
[sa AadmaI ko caohro pr ek naIlaa inaSaana qaa. ]sa nao Qyaana sao
doKa tao ]sa kao vaOsaa hI ek naIlaa inaSaana ]sa laD,ko ko caohro pr
BaI idKayaI idyaa.
~ 54 ~
pr [sa sao ]sa kI yah gau%qaI ABaI BaI nahIM saulaJaI ik jaba vah
iksaI s~I kao jaanata tk nahIM qaa tao ifr yah laD,ka ]sa ka kOsao
huAa.
laD,ka ifr baaolaa doiKyao, maOM ApnaI maa^ kao laanao jaa rha
hU^. vah Aap kao doKto hI Aap kao maarnao daOD,ogaI pr Aap Diryaogaa
nahIM. basa ]sa ko daonaaoM saIMga pkD, laIijayaogaa. Aa[yao Aap ja,ra
[sa KulaI jagah maoM Aa jaa[yao.
vah AadmaI KulaI jagah kI trf baZ,a hI qaa ik [tnao maoM hI
vah BaOMsa Aa gayaI AaOr ]sa kao maarnao daOD,I.
]sa kao laD,ko kI baat yaad AayaI AaOr ]sa nao ibanaa Dro ]sa
BaOMsa ko daonaaoM saIMga pkD, ilayao. AaScaya-, saIMga pkD,to hI vah BaOMsa
gaayaba hao gayaI AaOr ]sa ko saamanao ek saundr saI s~I KD,I qaI.
tba ]sa s~I nao ]sa kao saarI khanaI saunaayaI AaOr ]sa kao
batayaa ik doKao [sa laD,ko ka caohra tumharo jaOsaa hI hO. Aba ]sa
AadmaI kI kuC kuC samaJa maoM Aa rha qaa. vah ]na daonaaoM kao Gar lao
Aayaa. kafI idnaaoM tk vao saaqa saaqa rho.
]sa AadmaI ko pasa dao icaiD,yaa^ qaIM ek kaOAa AaOr ek
maOnaa35. daonaaoM icaiD,yaoM ]sa laD,ko ko daonaaoM kMQaaoM pr baOz kr ]sa ko
saaqa KUba KolatI qaIM.
35
One was a crow and the other was a magpie
~ 55 ~
ek idna ]sa s~I nao ]sa AadmaI kao batayaa tuma mauJao
iksaI BaI caIja sao maar sakto hao, pIT sakto hao pr na tao mauJao kBaI
iksaI naukIlaI caIja sao maarnaa AaOr na maoro }pr kBaI raK foMknaa.
AadmaI nao kha zIk hO.
[sa baIca ]sa AadmaI ko maata ipta BaI ]sa baccao kao bahut
Pyaar krnao lagao qao.
ek idna vah AadmaI ApnaI p%naI sao iksaI baat pr bahut
naaraja hao gayaa. ]sa nao caUlho sao ek jalatI hu[- lakD,I ]zayaI
AaOr ]sa sao ]sa s~I kao Dranaa caaha.
s~I AaOr ]sa ko baoTo nao jaba vah lakD,I doKI tao daonaaoM Dr ko
maaro baahr kI trf Baagao. vah AadmaI BaI ]na ko pICo pICo Baagaa
prntu tba tk vao daonaaoM BaOMsa AaOr kTro maoM badla cauko qao AaOr daonaaoM
hI jaMgala kI trf Baaga gayao.
laD,ko ko dadI AaOr baabaa Apnao paoto kao [Qar ]Qar ZU^Z rho
qao. kaOAa AaOr maOnaa BaI ]sa laD,ko kao ]D, ]D, kr [Qar ]Qar
ZU^Znao kI kaoiSaSa kr rho qao. pr vah tao ]na kao na imalanaa qaa na
imalaa.
]sa AadmaI kI maa^ rao kr baaolaI tuma nao ja$r hI maoro paoto
ko saaqa kuC baura ikyaa hO. jaba tunharI p%naI nao phlao sao tuma kao
kh rKa qaa ik tuma ]sa kao kBaI naukIlaI caIja sao mat maarnaa tao
~ 56 ~
tuma @yaaoM ]sa kao jalatI hu[- lakD,I sao maarnao daOD,o? vah jaadU jaanatI
qaI pr tuma nahIM maanao AaOr doKao Aba vao daonaaoM hI calao gayao.
[sa pr vah AadmaI baaolaa AcCa maa^ tuma proSaana mat hao maOM
]na daonaaoM kao ZU^Znao kI kaoiSaSa krta hU^. Agar maOM kuC samaya tk
na laaOTU^ tao maorI icaiD,yaaoM kao maoro pICo Baoja donaa.
AaOr Agar vao maorI kao[- CaoTI sao CaoTI caIja BaI lao AayaoM tao maoro
ibaCaOnao pr rK kr ]sa kao Zk donaa AaOr Apnao pa[p maoM tmbaakU
jalaa kr ]sa ka QauÂa maorI ]sa caIja kI trf ]D,a kr khnaa
Aao naIlao inaSaana vaalao, yah tora QauÂa hO. yah kh kr vah
AadmaI calaa gayaa.
kafI samaya [Qar ]Qar GaUmanao ko baad ]sa kao BaOMsaaoM ka ek
baD,a saa JauMD idKayaI idyaa. Qyaana sao doKnao pr ]sa kao lagaa ik
]na maoM sao ek BaOMsa Apnao kTro ko saaqa dUsarI BaOMsaaoM sao kuC Alaga
saI AkolaI baOzI hO. ]sao lagaa ik vahI ]sa kI p%naI AaOr laD,ka
hO.
]sa nao BaOMsa ka gaaobar Apnao SarIr pr lapoT ilayaa AaOr BaOMsaaoM ko
panaI pInao kI jagah pr ek gaD\Zo maoM iCp kr baOz gayaa. phlao
saarI BaOMsaoM panaI pInao AayaIM ifr ]na ko baccao panaI pInao Aayao. basa
]sa nao Apnao vaalao baccao kao pkD, ilayaa.
baccaa Apnao ipta kao doK kr bahut KuSa huAa AaOr baaolaa
maOM ApnaI maa^ kao jaa kr batata hU^.
~ 57 ~
vah daOD,a daOD,a ApnaI maa^ ko pasa gayaa AaOr jaa kr ]sa sao
baaolaa maa^, ipta jaI Aa gayao.
BaOMsa ]sa ko pasa AayaI tao vah baaolaa maOM tumhoM laonao Aayaa
hU^.
BaOMsa baaolaI mauJao Apnao sardar sao pUC laonao dao. Agar vah
ha^ kh dogaa tBaI maOM tumharo saaqa jaa}^gaI. tuma nao hmaaro saaqa AcCa
nahIM ikyaa. hma laaoga raK AaOr caakU sao bahut Drto hOM. tuma nao
sacamauca hI hmaaro saaqa bahut baura ikyaa.
vah kTra ]sa samaUh ko sardar ko pasa gayaa AaOr vaapsa Aa
kr baaolaa sardar khto hOM ik ek naaca haogaa jaao caar baar
haogaa AaOr Agar caaraoM baar Aap nao mauJao phcaana ilayaa tao hma saba
Gar vaapsa jaa sakto hOM.
jaba BaOMsaaoM ko saaro baccao naaca ko ilayao [k{a hue tao ]sa AadmaI
ka baoTa Apnao ipta sao baaolaa phlaI baar maOM ApnaI pU^C maaoD,
kr naacaU^gaa. dUsarI baar maOM Apnao Aagao vaalao pOraoM maoM sao ek pOr ]za
kr naacaU^gaa.
tIsarI baar maOM Apnao daonaaoM kana naIcao kr ko naacaU^gaa AaOr caaOqaI
baar maOM ApnaI Aa^KoM band kr ko naacaU^gaa. basa [saI trIko sao Aap
mauJao phcaana laIijayaogaa.
~ 58 ~
tIna baar tao ]sa AadmaI nao Apnao baoTo kao phcaana ilayaa prntu
caaOqaI baar maoM saBaI baccaaoM nao ApnaI Aa^KoM band kr laIM [sa sao vah
]sa kao nahIM phcaana saka.
saaro baccao ]sa AadmaI ko }pr daOD, pD,o AaOr ]sa kao kucala
kucala kr maar Dalaa. jaba ]sa ko SarIr ka kao[- BaI ihssaa nahIM
bacaa tao vao saba calao gayao.
]Qar kafI idna ko baad BaI jaba vah AadmaI Gar vaapsa nahIM
laaOTa tao ]sa kI maa^ nao ]sa kI icaiD,yaaoM kao CaoD, idyaa. kuC samaya
baad vao ]sa ko maa^sa ka ek TukD,a lao kr Gar vaapsa laaOT AayaIM.
maa^ nao Apnao baoTo ko kho Anausaar ]sa ko maa^sa ko TukD,o kao ]sa
ko ibaCaOnao maoM rK kr ]sa kao Zk idyaa AaOr pa[p sao tmbaakU
jalaato hue QauÂa ]sa kI Aaor ]D,ato hue baaolaI Aao naIlao
inaSaana vaalao, yah tora QauÂa hO. eosaa ]sa nao caar baar kha.
maa^ ko eosaa khto hI vah AadmaI turnt hI Apnao ibaCaOnao maoM sao
baahr inakla Aayaa AaOr baaolaa maa^, mauJao duK hO ik maOM kuC BaI
nahIM kr payaa. maOM toro paoto kao vaapsa nahIM laa saka.
~ 59 ~
7 ek AadmaI ijasa nao BaalaU dovaI sao SaadI kI36

yah laaok kqaa yaUraop ko iba`Tona doSa kI laaok kqaaAaoM sao laI gayaI
hO. [sa maoM ek AadmaI ek eosaI s~I sao SaadI krta hO jaao BaalaU
hO.
ek samaya kI baat hO ik ek gaa^va maoM bahut saaro laaoga rhto
qao. vaha^ ]na laaogaaoM kao iksaI trh ko Kanao kI kao[- tklaIf nahIM
qaI. saba kuC bahut qaa maClaI, maa^sa Aaid.
pr ek baar eosaa huAa ik vaha^ Akala pD,a. Aba vaha^ kuC
BaI Kanao kao nahIM qaa na maClaI, na maa^sa, na AaOr kuC. Kanao kI
kmaI kI vajah sao vaha^ laaoga marnao lagao. bahut saaro laaoga mar BaI
gayao.
]sa gaa^va ko sardar ko dao baccao qao ek laD,ka AaOr ek
laD,kI. kuC samaya baad ]sa gaa^va maoM kovala vao hI dao laaoga ijanda
bacao. ]na daonaaoM baccaaoM maoM laD,kI baD,I qaI AaOr laD,ka CaoTa.
ek idna vah laD,kI Apnao Baa[- sao baaolaI maora @yaa hO yaid
maOM mar BaI jaa}^ BaI tao, @yaaoM ik maOM tao laD,kI hU^ pr tuma hmaaro ipta
ko laD,ko hao ]na kI saba caIjaoM tumharI hOM. tuma eosaa krao ik [na
caIjaaoM kao baoca kr Kanaa KrId laao [sa sao tuma ijanda rh sakaogao.
36
A Man Who Married a Buffalo Goddess a folktale from United Kingdom
~ 60 ~
[tnaa kh kr ]sa laD,kI nao ]sa kao Gar maoM sao ek kpD,o ka
banaa qaOlaa inakala kr do idyaa. laD,ko nao vah qaOlaa ilayaa AaOr samaud`
ko iknaaro kI trf calaa gayaa.
vah samaud` ko iknaaro ]sa kI rotI pr bahut dor tk calata
rha. AaiKr ]sa nao ek bahut saundr saa makana doKa jaao vaha^ sao
qaaoD,a saa Andr kI trf qaa. ]sa ko pasa hI ek vhola maClaI ka
Za^caa pD,a qaa.
vah laD,ka ]sa Gar kI trf cala idyaa. Gar phu^ca kr vah
]sa Gar maoM Gausaa. Andr jaa kr ]sa nao dovata iksma ka ek
AadmaI doKa. vaha^ ]sa nao ]sa kI p%naI kao BaI doKa vah BaI ek
dovaI kI trh laga rhI qaI. ]sa ko saaro kpD,o kalao rMga ko qao.
vah laD,ka Gar ko Andr Gausa kr drvaajao ko pasa hI KD,a hao
gayaa. vah AadmaI baaolaa AaAao tumhara svaagat hO. ]sa ko
baad vaha^ bahut saara vhola maClaI ka maa^sa ]baalaa gayaa AaOr saba nao
KUba AcCI trh sao Kanaa Kayaa.
pr ]sa laD,kI nao ]sa kI trf ibalkula BaI nahIM doKa. ifr
vah laD,ka Apnaa qaOlaa ]zanao baahr gayaa jaao vah baahr CaoD, Aayaa
qaa. yah vahI qaOlaa qaa jaao ]sa kI baihna nao ]sa kao Gar sao calato
samaya idyaa qaa.
Andr laa kr ]sa nao ]sa qaOlao kao Kaolaa tao ]sa qaOlao maoM tao
bahut hI kImatI caIjaoM qaIM.
~ 61 ~
vah laD,ka baaolaa yao caIjaoM maOM Aap kao [sa Kanao ko badlao
maoM dota hU^. kh kr ]sa nao vao saba caIjaoM ]sa dovata kao do dIM.
]sa dovata nao ]sa saba kao doKa AaOr baaolaa yah tao bahut
hI kImatI Kjaanaa hO. tuma kao [sa Kanao ko ilayao [tnaa saba donao kI
ja$rt nahIM hO.
pr Aba jaba tuma nao [sao mauJao do hI idyaa hO tao maOM [sao maOM Apnao
dUsaro Gar lao jaa}^gaa AaOr vaha^ sao Apnaa Kjaanaa laa kr tuma ka
[sa ko badlao maoMo dU^gaa.
AaOr jaha^ tk [sa vhola ko maa^sa ka savaala hO tuma ijatnaa
Kanaa caahao ibanaa kuC idyao Ka sakto hao. [tnaa kh kr vah ]sa
laD,ko ka Kjaanaa lao kr calaa gayaa.
vah dovaI AaOr vah laD,ka ]sa Gar maoM Akolao hI rh gayao. kuC
dor baad vah dovaI ]sa laD,ko sao baaolaI Aao laD,ko, tuma maorI baat
Qyaana sao saunaao jaao maOM khtI hU^. maOM BaalaU dovaI hU^ AaOr yah maora pit
D/ogana dovata hO.
vah ijatnaa dUsaraoM sao jalata hO ]tnaa kao[- BaI nahIM jalata [saI
vajah sao maOM nao tumharI trf nahIM doKa. @yaaoM ik maOM jaanatI hU^ ik
yaid maOM nao tumharI trf doKa tao vah jalaogaa.
tumharo pasa jaao Kjaanaa hO vah tao dovataAaoM ko pasa BaI nahIM
hO. [saI ilayao vah tumharo Kjaanao kao doK kr bahut KuSa hao gayaa
~ 62 ~
AaOr ]sa kao turnt hI ]za kr lao gayaa AaOr Aba vah tuma kao
naklaI Kjaanaa laa kr do dogaa.
[sa ilayao jaba vah Apnaa naklaI Kjaanaa laa kr tuma kao do tao
tuma ]sa kao eosaa baaolanaa ik maOM Kjaanaa badlanaa nahIM caahta, maOM
[sa Kjaanao sao yah s~I KrIdnaa caahta hU^.
qaaoD,I dor baad vah dovata dao KjaanaaoM ko saaqa laaOTa ek tao
[sa laD,ko ka Kjaanaa AaOr dUsaro ]sa ka Apnaa Kjaanaa. Aa kr
vah ]sa laD,ko sao baaolaa maOM daonaaoM Kjaanao saaqa lao Aayaa hU^.
Aba hma daonaaoM zIk sao Apnao Kjaanao ek dUsaro sao badla sakto hOM.
laD,ka baaolaa halaaîk maOM tumhara Kjaanaa laonaa caahU^gaa pr
tumharoo Kjaanao sao jyaada maOM yah psand k$^gaa ik Apnao Kjaanao ko
badlao maoM tumharI p%naI lao laU^. [sa ilayao [sa Kjaanao ko badlao maoM tuma
mauJao ApnaI p%naI do dao.
jaOsao hI ]sa nao yah kha ik }pr bahut jaaor kI garja saunaayaI
pD,I AaOr pla Bar maoM hI vah Gar AaOr vah dovata saba kuC gaayaba hao
gayaa AaOr kovala vah AaOr vah BaalaU dovaI vaha^ KD,o rh gayao.
vah jaba haoSa maoM Aayaa tao ]sa nao doKa ik ]sa ka Kjaanaa BaI
vahIM pD,a hO.
vah BaalaU dovaI baaolaI yah @yaa huAa hO ik maora D/ogana pit
gaussao maoM gaayaba hao gayaa hO [saI ilayao ]sa nao yah Saaor macaayaa qaa.
Aba hma AaOr tuma ek saaqa rh sakto hOM.
~ 63 ~
]sa ko baad vao daonaaoM Aanand sao ek dUsaro ko saaqa rhnao lagao. [saI
ilayao BaalaU AaQao AadmaI kI trh haoto hOM.
~ 64 ~
8 ek saundr laD,kI AaOr maClaI37

yah laaok kqaa AfrIka ko naa[jaIiryaa doSa kI yaaorubaa janajaait maoM
khI saunaI jaatI hO.
bahut puranaI baat hO jaba hr jagah jaadU ka baaolabaalaa qaa ik
ek gaa^va maoM ek bahut saundr laD,kI rhtI qaI. ]sa gaa^va ko bahut
saaro laD,ko ]sa sao SaadI krnaa caahto qao prntu ]sa nao saaro laD,kaoM
kao manaa kr idyaa qaa. ]sa ka khnaa qaa ik ]sa ka pit tao
bahut hI jyaada saundr haonaa caaihyao.
ek idna jaba vah baajaar maoM GaUma rhI qaI tao ]sa nao ek bahut
hI saundr laD,ka doKa AaOr turnt hI ]sa kao ]sa laD,ko sao pòma hao
gayaa.
vah ]sa laD,ko ko pasa gayaI AaOr ]sa kao batayaa ik iksa
trh vah ]sa kI saundrta pr rIJa gayaI qaI AaOr Aba ]sa sao SaadI
krnaa caahtI qaI.
]sa AjanabaI nao javaaba idyaa maOM tuma sao SaadI kr ko bahut
hI KuSa haota prntu badiksmatI sao maOM [nsaana nahIM hU^ AaOr tuma laaogaaoM
maoM sao ek nahIM hU^. maOM ek maClaI hU^ AaOr maOM [Dunamaayabaao38 maoM jaao
nadI hO ]sa maoM rhta hU^.
A Beautiful Girl and a Fish a folktale of Yoruba tribe of Nigeria, Western Africa
Idunmaibo
37
38
~ 65 ~
dovataAaoM nao mauJao ek eosaI takt do rKI hO ijasa sao maOM jaba
caahU^ Apnao Aap kao ek AadmaI ko $p maoM badla sakta hU^ pr maora
Gar tao nadI hI hO na, AaOr maOM ifr vahIM vaapsa calaa jaa}^gaa.
yah sauna kr laD,kI baaolaI kao[- baat nahIM, caaho tuma maClaI
hao yaa AadmaI pr maOM tuma sao pòma krtI hU^. Agar tuma samaya samaya
pr panaI sao inakla kr [saI $p maoM maoro pasa Aanao ka vaayada krao
tao maOM tuma sao KuSaI KuSaI SaadI kr laU^gaI.
maClaI AadmaI baaolaa ha^ eosaa tao hao sakta hO. eosaa hI
haogaa. AaOr eosaa kh kr vah ]sa laD,kI kao [Dunamaayabaao kI
trf lao calaa.
vaha^ phu^ca kr vah ek nadI ko pasa ek jagah pr ruka AaOr
baaolaa yahI maora Gar hO. tuma jaba BaI mauJao baulaanaa caahao tao maOM
tuma kao jaadU ka ek gaIt bata dota hU^, ]sao gaanaa tao maOM tumharo pasa
[saI $p maoM calaa Aa}^gaa. vah gaIt hO
Aao nadI kI saundr maClaI @yaa maOM [sa bahto panaI maoM sao doK saktI hU^?
nadI kI sath sao maOM tumhoM doKU^gaI Aao PyaarI nadI jaao caa^dI AaOr r%na jaOsaI lagatI hO
ijasa ko naIcao mahla hO jaao AadimayaaoM ko mahla sao BaI jyaada saundr hO.
yah kh kr vah maClaI AadmaI nadI maoM kUd pD,a AaOr gaayaba
hao gayaa. laD,kI BaI vaha^ sao calaI gayaI.
~ 66 ~
baad maoM vah laD,kI Apnao pòmaI ko ilayao raoja kuC imaza[- banaatI
AaOr [Dunamaayabaao lao jaatI. vaha^ jaa kr vah jaadU Bara gaIt gaatI
AaOr maClaI panaI kI sath pr idKayaI donao lagatI. ifr vah
maClaI Apnao Aap kao AadmaI ko $p maoM badla kr iknaaro pr Aa
jaatI. tba daonaaoM kuC samaya saaqa maoM gaujaarto.
jaba vah nadI maoM sao baahr Aata tao bahut trIko ko maU^gao AaOr
r%na lao kr Aata AaOr ApnaI p%naI kao BaoMT krta. vao laaoga Aapsa
maoM bahut KuSa qao AaOr ek dUsaro kao bahut Pyaar krto qao.
jaba laD,kI ko maata ipta nao doKa ik laD,kI baD,I haotI jaa
rhI hO AaOr iksaI sao SaadI nahIM kr rhI hO tao ]nhaoM nao ]sa sao pUCa
ik @yaa ]sa kI inagaah maoM kao[- eosaa AadmaI qaa ijasa sao vah SaadI
krnaa caah rhI hao.
tao laD,kI nao javaaba idyaa ik ek AadmaI ]sa ka pit qaa pr
vah ABaI ]sa ko baaro maoM ]na kao nahIM bata saktI qaI.
[sa javaaba sao vao baD,o proSaana hue. vao ]sa kao doKto rhto ik
vah Gar maoM kuC Kanaa banaatI AaOr ]sao baahr khIM lao jaatI. kha^
lao jaatI yah ]na kao nahIM pta qaa.
]sa ko CaoTo Baa[- nao ]sa sao k[- baar kha ik vah ]sa ko saaqa
calaogaa prntu laD,kI nao kha ik nahIM, yah kama vah Akolao hI
krogaI AaOr kao[- ]sa ko pICo BaI nahIM Aayao.
~ 67 ~
pr [sa javaaba nao ]sa laD,ko kI ]%saukta AaOr jagaa dI AaOr

ek idna ]sa nao tya kr ilayaa ik vah ]sa ko pICo pICo jaayaogaa
AaOr doKogaa ik vah kha^ jaatI hO AaOr ]sa Kanao ka @yaa krtI
hO.
ek idna jaadU sao ]sa ko CaoTo Baa[- nao Apnao Aap kao ek
ma@KI ko $p maoM badlaa AaOr ApnaI baihna ko pICo pICo ]D, calaa.
]sa nao doKa ik ]sa kI baihna [Dunamaayabaao maoM jaao nadI qaI ]sa
ko pasa phu^caI AaOr ]sa nao ek jaadU ka gaIt gaayaa.
ifr ek maClaI nadI kI sath pr AayaI AaOr vah ek saundr
naaOjavaana bana kr nadI ko iknaaro pr Aa gayaI. daonaaoM nao imala kr
Kanaa Kayaa, kuC dor baatoM kIM AaOr ife vah saundr naaOjavaana nadI
maoM kUd kr gaayaba hao gayaa.
laD,ko nao ]sa jaadu[- gaIt ko baaola yaad kr ilayao AaOr turnt hI
Gar kI trf ]D, calaa. Gar Aakr ]sa nao Apnao Aap kao laD,ko
ko $p maoM badlaa AaOr Baagaa Baagaa saIQaa Apnao maata ipta ko pasa
gayaa.
]sa nao jaao kuC doKa qaa ]sa ka pUra hala ]na kao saunaa idyaa
AaOr kha ik ]na kI baoTI nao tao ek maClaI sao SaadI kr rKI hO.
maata ipta yah saba sauna kr gaussaa BaI hue AaOr mana hI mana
duKI BaI hue. ]nhaoM nao tya ikyaa ik vao ApnaI baoTI kao ABaI kuC
~ 68 ~
nahIM khoMgao. vao ApnaI baoTI kao ]sa ko baabaa ko Gar Baoja doMgao AaOr
]sa ko jaanao ko baad saaocaoMgao ik ]nhoM @yaa krnaa caaihyao.
saao laD,kI kao ]sa ko baabaa ko Gar Baoja idyaa gayaa. ]sa ko
baabaa ka Gar vaha^ sao kafI dUr qaa AaOr vaha^ sao vah [tnaI dUr Aa
kr Apnao pit sao nahIM imala saktI qaI.
jaba laD,kI calaI gayaI tba ]nhaoM nao Apnao baoTo sao kha ik vah
]na kao ]sa nadI ko iknaaro lao calao AaOr vaha^ jaa kr vah jaadu[gaIt gaayao.
baoTo nao eosaa hI ikyaa. vao saba nadI ko iknaaro phu^cao AaOr laD,ko
nao ApnaI baihna kI Aavaaja maoM vah jaadu[- gaIt gaayaa.
gaIt sauna kr maClaI panaI ko }pr AayaI AaOr ek saundr
naaOjavaana ka $p rK kr nadI ko iknaaro pr kUd gayaI.
ipta ek JaaD,I ko pICo KD,a qaa. jaOsao hI maClaI naaOjavaana ko
$p maoM nadI ko iknaaro pr kUdI ipta nao Apnao hîsayao sao ]sao maar
Dalaa AaOr ]sao panaI maoM vaapsa foMk idyaa.
AaScaya-, vah naaOjavaana panaI maoM igarnao ko baad QaIro QaIro ifr sao
maClaI ko $p maoM Aa gayaa pr vah mar cauka qaa.
ipta yah doK kr icallaayaa maOM ApnaI baoTI kao [sa bauro
kama kI sajaa ja$r dU^gaa. AaOr Apnao baoTo kao vah marI hu[- maClaI
panaI sao baahr inakala kr Gar lao calanao ko ilayao kha. Gar jaa kr
~ 69 ~
]nhaoM nao ]sa maClaI kao sauKayaa AaOr laD,kI ko vaapsa Aanao tk
rK idyaa.
dao idna baad laD,kI KuSaI KuSaI Gar vaapsa laaOTI ik Aba vah
nadI ko pasa jaa kr Apnao pit sao ifr sao imala sakogaI.
vah Gar Aato hI nadI pr jaanao ko ilayao tOyaar hu[- tao ]sa ko
ipta nao kha phlao kuC Ka laao. tumharI maa^ nao tumharo ilayao
bahut hI svaad maClaI pkayaI hO.
laD,kI baaolaI ipta jaI mauJao BaUK BaI nahIM hO AaOr maO maClaI
BaI nahIM Kanaa caahtI.
ipta nao ]sa kao Da^Ta jaOsaa maOM khta hU^ vaOsaa hI krao.
calaao baOzao AaOr phlao Kanaa KaAao.
laD,kI baocaarI duKI saI caupcaap baOz gayaI AaOr maClaI Kanao
lagaI. jaOsao hI vah maClaI Kanao lagaI ik ]sa nao Apnao Baa[- kao
gaunagaunaato hue saunaa.
vah tao h@ka ba@ka rh gayaI. ]sa ko haqaaoM sao Kanao ka
kTaora igar gayaa AaOr vah ]sa kao BaaOMca@kI saI doKtI rh gayaI.
]sa ko Baa[- nao Apnaa gaIt ifr daohrayaa
iktnaI baurI baat hO is~yaaoM ko ilayao Apnao pit ka maa^sa Kanaa
jaba ik vao Apnao pit kao bahut Pyaar krtI hOM
@yaaoM ik ]na ko pICo ]na ko pit nadI maoM sao inakala ilayao gayao hOM
maClaI ko $p maoM pirvaar ko Kanao ko ilayao.
~ 70 ~
laD,kI yah gaIt sauna kr turnt nadI kI trf daOD,I gayaI AaOr ]sa
nao Apnaa jaadu[- gaIt gaayaa pr ]sa ka pit nadI sao baahr nahIM
Aayaa. ifr ]sa nao ek AaOr gaIt gaayaa
AaolaUvaorI39 AaolaUvaorI Aao nadI dovaI
maOM ApnaI caa^dI jaOsaI Aa^KoM AaOr isataraoM jaOsao baala ilayao laaOTI hU^
Agar maora pit mar gayaa hO tao nadI kI panaI kI sath laala hao jaayao
AaOr Agar maora pit ijanda hO tao vah baahr Aayao AaOr Aa kr ApnaI pòimaka kao doKo
ijasa kao kzaorta ko saaqa [tnaI dUr Baoja idyaa gayaa qaa
]saI samaya nadI ka panaI laala hao gayaa AaOr laD,kI jaana gayaI
ik ]sa ko ipta nao ]sa ko pit kao maar Dalaa hO. vah turnt nadI
maoM kUd gayaI. pr vah DUbaI nahIM bailk naIcao baOztI calaI gayaI AaOr
ma%syaaMganaa40 bana gayaI.
laaogaaoM ka khnaa hO ik Aaja BaI kBaI kBaI ek ma%syaaMganaa
nadI maoM gaunagaunaatI saunaayaI pD,tI hO.
39
40
Oluweri the goddess of the Rivers

Fishwoman
~ 71 ~
9 maaoiTnaU AaOr bandr41

yah laaok kqaa hma nao naa[jaIiryaa ko yaaorubaa laaogaaoM kI laaok kqaaAaoM
sao laI hO.
ek baar yaaorubaalaOMD ko Aaovaao Sahr42 maoM ek laD,kI rhtI qaI
ijasa ka naama qaa maaoiTnaU. maaoiTnaU bahut hI jyaada saundr qaI [sa
ilayao bahut saaro laD,ko ]sa sao SaadI krnao kI [cCa p`gaT kr cauko
qao pr na jaanao @yaaoM maaoiTnaU nao saBaI kao manaa kr idyaa qaa.
ek idna vah pasa ko kuê sao panaI Bar rhI qaI ik kuê ko pasa
]sa nao ek baD,o saundr naaOjavaana kao bahut AcCo kpD,o phnao baOzo
doKa. maaoiTnaU ]sa kao doK kr AaScaya- maoM pD, gayaI. [sa ilayao
nahIM ik vah bahut AcCo kpD,o phnao qaa bailk [sa ilayao ik vah ]sa
ko ilayao ibalkula AjanabaI qaa.
]sa kao ivaSvaasa qaa ik vah Aaovaao Sahr ka nahIM qaa.
jaba vah Apnaa panaI Bar kr vaapsa laaOT rhI qaI tao vah naaOjavaana
]sa sao baaolaa maaoiTnaU, @yaa tuma mauJa sao SaadI kraogaI?
maaoiTnaU nao AaScaya- sao pUCa magar tuma maora naama kOsao jaanato
hao?
41
42
Motinu and Monkey a folktale of Yoruba tribe of Nigeria, West Africa

Owo City of NIgeria
~ 72 ~
vah naaOjavaana baaolaa jaao laD,kI saaro laD,kaoM sao SaadI krnao sao
[nakar kr do ]sao kaOna nahI jaanaogaa? maOM yaha^ AjanabaI hU^ AaOr maOM
bahut AmaIr BaI hU^. maoro bahut saaro daost BaI hOM.
halaaîk maoro daost [sa Sahr ko nahIM hOM prntu vao saba baD,o
taktvar hOM AaOr caaraoM trf ]na ka bahut dbadbaa hO.maora Gar yaha^
sao bahut jyaada dUr nahI hO. @yaa tuma maoro Gar calaaogaI AaOr maoro gar
vaalaaoM sao imala kr maorI p%naI bananaa psand kraogaI?
maaoiTnaU ]sa kao psand krnao lagaI qaI saao vah ]sa ko Gar jaanao
ko ilayao rajaI hao gayaI. vah jaldI jaldI Gar laaOTI, ]sa nao Apnaa
qaaoD,a saa saamaana ilayaa AaOr ]sa AjanabaI ko saaqa cala dI.
Sahr sao baahr inakla kr vao jaMgala maoM Gausa gayao. vah naaOjavaana baD,I
tojaI sao cala rha qaa pr maaoiTnaU ]sa ko saaqa nahIM cala pa rhI qaI.
kafI dUr jaanao ko baad BaI jaba ]sa naaOjavaana ka Gar nahIM
Aayaa AaOr maaoiTnaU calato calato ha^fnao lagaI tao vah ruk kr baaolaI
kha^ hO tumhara Gar?
vah naaOjavaana jaldI jaldI calato baaolaa basa tuma maoro pICo
AatI rhao maaoiTnaU. maora Gar Aba jyaada dUr nahIM hO.
AaiKr maaoiTnaU calato calato jaba bahut qak gayaI tao vah qaaoD,I
dor ko ilayao vahIM Gaasa pr baOz gayaI. maaoiTnaU kao yah jagah kuC nayaI
nayaI saI lagaI @yaaoM ik vah [Qar phlao kBaI nahIM AayaI qaI.
~ 73 ~
vah naaOjavaana baaolaa tuma yahIM baOz kr maora [ntjaar krao maOM
Apnao pirvaar kao yahIM baulaa kr lao Aata hU^. AaOr yah kh kr
vah Baagata daOD,ta jaMgala maoM gaayaba hao gayaa.
maaoiTnaU kao yah saba doK kr kuC GabarahT saI hu[- AaOr vah
pCtanao lagaI ik vah [sa AjanabaI ko saaqa AayaI hI @yaaoM. ]sa kI
toja caala Zala sao ]sa kao kuC jyaada hI Dr laga rha qaa pr Aba
@yaa hao sakta qaa Aba tao vah ]sa ko saaqa Aa gayaI qaI.
vah yahI saba saaoca rhI qaI ik vah naaOjavaana jaha^ gaayaba huAa
qaa vaha^ ]sa kao ek bahut baD,a bandr idKayaI idyaa. vah kUdta
fa^dta Aayaa AaOr maaoiTnaU ko pasa baOz gayaa. maaoiTnaU ]sa kI trf
AaScaya- sao doKnao lagaI.
Acaanak vah baaolaa maaoiTnaU, maOM hI tumhara pit hU^. maOM yaha^
rhta hU^ AaOr tuma maorI p%naI kI trh yahIM rhaogaI. tuma nao doKa ik
maoro pasa iktnaI takt hO ik maOM Apnao Aap kao jaba caahU^ AadmaI
ko $p maoM badla sakta hU^ AaOr jaba caaho maOM bandr bana sakta hU^.
laoikna maOM Apnao daostaoM ko baIca bandr bana kr rhnaa hI jyaada psand
k$^gaa.
yah saba sauna kr maaoiTnaU tao bahut hI Dr gayaI AaOr raonao lagaI.
[sa pr bandr nao ]sao Apnao Agalao pMjaaoM sao qapqapayaa.
maaoiTnaU kao lagaa ik Agar ]sa nao ApnaI doKBaala zIk sao nahIM
kI tao yah bandr tao ]sa kao maar hI Dalaogaa [sa ilayao ]sa nao tya
~ 74 ~
ikyaa ik vah [sa AjaIba jaanavar kI hr baat maana laogaI AaOr ifr
]sa sao pICa CuD,anao kI kuC AaOr trkIba saaocaogaI. ]sa nao raonaa
CaoD, kr eosaa hI ikyaa.
bandr tao yah doK kr KuSaI kao maaro iklakarI maarnao lagaa
AaOr kUdnao lagaa. ]sa kI iklakarI kI Aavaaja sauna kr dUsaro
bandraoM nao BaI khIM dUr sao iklakairyaa^ maarIM AaOr kuC hI dor maoM vaha^
bahut saaro bandr [k{a hao gayao.
saba vahIM Gaasa pr caupcaap Saaint sao baOz gayao. kuC tao maaoiTnaU
kao [Qar ]Qar sao doK rho qao, kuC Gaasa sao Kola rho qao AaOr kuC
A@lamandaoM kI trh gamBaIr banao baOzo qao.
jaba vaha^ bahut saaro bandr [k{a hao gayao tao vah baaolanao vaalaa
bandr yaanaI maaoiTnaU ka pit ek poD, kI }^caI saI Dala pr jaa kr
baOz gayaa AaOr saba bandraoM kI trf mau^h kr ko kuC baaolaa.
vah @yaa baaolaa yah tao maaoiTnaU kI samaJa maoM nahIM Aayaa prntu
]sa ko hava Baava sao laga rha qaa vah ]na bandraoM sao ]saI ko baaro maoM
kuC kh rha qaa. jaba vah ApnaI baat kh cauka tao saBaI bandraoM
nao dor tk ApnaI gardna ihlaayaI.
]sa ko baad maaoiTnaU kI trf mau^h kr ko ]sa nao kha maora
pirvaar [sa baat pr rajaI hao gayaa hO ik tuma yaha^ maorI p%naI kI
trh rh saktI hao. maorI baat Aba tuma jara Qyaana do kr saunaao jaao
maOM khta hU^ ifr tuma pr kao[- mausaIbat nahIM AayaogaI.
~ 75 ~
tuma kao yahIM [na jaMgalaaoM maoM maoro saaqa rhnaa pD,ogaa AaOr tuma kBaI
BaI AadmaI AaOr ]sa ko Sahr kI trf nahIM laaOT paAaogaI. hma
laaoga tuma kao ek Zaola doMgao jaba hma naacaoMgao tba tuma vah Zaola
bajaaAaogaI.
tuma kao yaha^ kao[- Kasa kama nahIM krnaa pD,ogaa @yaaoM ik hma
laaoga AadmaI kI trh pka huAa Kanaa nahI Kato. ha^ tuma kao
hmaaro ilayao tajaa jaMgalaI fla AaOr panaI ja$r laanaa pD,ogaa.
AaOr maaoiTnaU vaha^ bandraoM ko saaqa rhnao
lagaI. ]nhaoM nao ]sa kao ek lakD,I ka Zaola laa
idyaa AaOr raoja saubah vah Zaola bajaatI AaOr
bandr naacato.
ifr vah panaI Barnao jaatI, tajaa Bau+o laanao
jaatI. Ka pI kr bandr jaMgala maoM GaUmanao calao
jaato AaOr maaoiTnaU kao tIsaro phr maoM kuC Aarama
imala jaata.
Saama kao vaapsa Aa kr vao bandr maaoiTnaU ko Zaola pr ifr sao
naacato. halaaîk vao bandr maaoiTnaU kao kuC khto nahIM qao ifr BaI
maaoiTnaU ]na sao kuC DrI DrI saI rhtI AaOr ]na kao KuSa rKnao ko
ilayao jaao kuC BaI kr saktI qaI krtI rhtI.
~ 76 ~
ek idna maaoiTnaU jaba bandraoM ko ilayao Bau+o [k{a kr rhI qaI tao
]sa nao ek iSakarI kao pasa sao gaujarto hue doKa. ]sa kao doK kr
maaoiTnaU bahut hI KuSa hu[-. ]sa nao QaIro sao ]sa iSakarI kao pukara.
]Qar vah iSakarI BaI [tnaI saundr laD,kI kao Sahr sao [tnaI
dUr jaMgala maoM AkolaI doK kr hOrana rh gayaa. maaoiTnaU nao ]sa sao
kha ik vah baD,I mauiSkla maoM qaI AaOr ]sao ]sa kI sahayata
caaihyao. [sa Dr sao ik khIM bandr ]sa kao na doK laoM ]sa nao ]sa
iSakarI kao tIsaro phr ko samaya Aanao ko ilayao kha.
Agalao idna vah iSakarI tIsaro phr ko samaya Aayaa. maaoiTnaU
]sa samaya AkolaI qaI. ]sa nao iSakarI kao ApnaI saarI khanaI
saunaayaI AaOr kha ik Agar vah ]sa kao [na bandraoM ko pMjao sao CuD,a
laogaa tao vah ]sa sao SaadI BaI kr laogaI.
iSakarI nao ]sa kI saba baatoM Qyaana sao saunaI AaOr jaao kuC BaI
vah ]sa ko ilayao kr sakta qaa krnao ka vaayada ikyaa. iSakarI nao
maaoiTnaU sao kha ik vah bandraoM ko saaqa eosao hI rho jaOsao vah Aba tk
rh rhI qaI AaOr vah ]sa sao baad maoM Aa kr imalata hO.
Aaovaao laaOTnao pr iSakarI nao ek baZ,[- kao baulaayaa AaOr ]sa kao
maaoiTnaU ko baala banaanao ka ZMga batayaa AaOr caohro ko kuC inaSaana
batayao. AaOr ]sa kao kha ik vah maaoiTnaU kI lakD,I kI Aaz
CaoTI CaoTI maUit-yaa^ banaa do.
jaba vao maUit-yaa^ bana gayaIM tao ]na kao maaoiTnaU jaOsaa rMgaa gayaa.
~ 77 ~
iSakarI ]na maUit-yaaoM kao lao kr maaoiTnaU ko pasa gayaa AaOr ]sa sao
Akolao maoM imalaa. vaha^ sao vah maaoiTnaU kao lao kr Aaovaao kI trf
jaldI jaldI calaa. hr kuC maIla ko baad vah maaoiTnaU kI ek maUitsaD,k pr Dalata jaata qaa.
]sa iSakarI ka naama AaogaunayaomaI43 qaa. ]sa kao yah maalaUma qaa
ik jaba BaI bandr ]na ka pICa kroMgao tao yao maUit-yaa^ ]na kao Aaovaao
phu^canao maoM dor lagaayaoMgaI. AaOr iSakarI nao zIk saaocaa qaa.
kuC dor baad jaba bandr Saama ko naaca ko ilayao Gar laaOTo tao
]nhaoM nao doKa ik vaha^ tao kao[- BaI nahIM hO. Zaola BaI caupcaap ek
trf kao pD,a hO AaOr maaoiTnaU ka khIM pta nahIM hO. gaussao maoM Bar
kr vao Aaovaao kI trf cala idyao.
kuC dUr jaanao pr rasto maoM ]na kao maaoiTnaU kI ek maUit- pD,I
imalaI. ]na kao lagaa ik vah maaoiTnaU qaI. ]nhaoM nao ]sa kao ]za
ilayaa AaOr ]sao ]%saukta sao doKnaa AaOr ]sa ko baaro maoM baat krnaa
Sau$ kr idyaa.
ek baaolaa yah @yaa hO jaao maaoiTnaU sao [tnaI jyaada imalatI
jaulatI hO?
vao laaoga jaba ]sa maUit- kao ]laT plaT kr doK rho qao tao baD,o
A@lamand laga rho qao. ]nhaoM nao ]sa kao jamaIna pr BaI lauZ,kayaa, ]sa
sao Kolao BaI prntu ]na kao yah iksaI trh BaI pta na cala saka ik
43
Ogunyemi
~ 78 ~
vah caIja @yaa qaI. jaba vao ]sa sao Kolato Kolato qak gayao tao ]nhaoM
nao ]sa kao ek JaaD,I maoM foMk idyaa AaOr maaoiTnaU kao ZU^Znao Aagao
calao.
Aagao cala kr ]na kao maaoiTnaU kI dUsarI maUit- imalaI. ]sa kao
doK kr ]na maoM AaOr jyaada baatoM AaOr bahsa haonao lagaIM. kuC baaolao
ik yah vahI caIja hO jaao ]nhaoM nao phlao doKI qaI AaOr jaadU sao yaha^
]na ko saamanao ifr sao Aa gayaI hO.
maamalaa saulaJaanao ko ilayao vao laaoga ifr sao phlaI jagah gayao AaOr
]sa foMkI hu[- maUit- kao vahIM pa kr santuYT hao kr ifr Aagao baZ,o.
[sa trh Aagao imalanao vaalaI hr maUit- nao ]na ko gaussao kao
baZ,ayaa. AazvaIM maUit- tk Aato Aato ]na ka gaussaa [tnaa jyaada
baZ, gayaa ik ]nhaoM nao ]sa kao KUba kucalaa AaOr taoD, kr foMk
idyaa.
[tnaI dor maoM maaoiTnaU AaOr AaogaunayaomaI daonaaoM ]na bandraoM ko caMgaula
sao inakla kr Aaovaao phu^ca gayao. pr [tnaa saba krnao ko baad BaI vao
kovala Aaovaao tk hI phu^ca payao qao ik ]nhaoM nao Apnao pICo AatI hu[-M
bandraoM kI jaaor kI iklakairyaa^ saunaI. vao bandr maaoiTnaU kI AazvaIM
maUit- kao taoD, kr vaha^ Aa phu^cao qao.
jaba bandr Aaovaao Sahr kI cahardIvaarI tk phu^cao tao dUsaro
bandraoM kI tao Andr jaanao kI ihmmat nahIM hu[- prntu maaoiTnaU ka pit
ifr sao saundr naaOjavaana bana kr ]sa Sahr ko Andr calaa gayaa AaOr
~ 79 ~
AaogaunayaomaI ko Gar phu^ca gayaa. maaoiTnaU nao ]sao doKa tao phcaana
gayaI. ]sa nao AaogaunayaomaI kao batayaa ik vah naaOjavaana kaOna qaa.
AaogaunayaomaI nao yah saba maamalaa Apnao sardar kao batayaa tao
sardar nao ]sa naaOjavaana kao jaMjaIraoM sao ba^Qavaa idyaa AaOr @yaaoM ik vah
ifr jaMgala nahIM laaOT saka [sa ilayao vah Apnao Aap kao ifr sao
bandr maoM BaI nahIM badla saka.
ijandgaI ko baakI idna ]sa kao sardar kI saovaa maoM hI kaT donao
pD,o. ]Qar maaoiTnaU nao AaogaunayaomaI sao SaadI kr laI AaOr vao BaI KuSaI
KuSaI rhnao lagao.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
dao KalaaoM vaalaI s~I

ek laD,kI ijasa nao KaopD,I sao SaadI kI
ek rajaa ijasanao maugao- kI baoTI sao SaadI kI
ek kCuAa AaOr ]sa kI saundr baoTI
BaOMsa s~I
naIlao inaSaana vaalaa AadmaI
ek AadmaI ijasa nao BaalaU dovaI sao SaadI kI
ek saundr laD,kI AaOr maClaI
maaoiTnaU AaOr bandr
~ 80 ~
doSa ivadoSa kI laaok kqaaAaoM kI saIrIja, maoM

AfrIka kI laaok kqaae 2 Baaga
[iqayaaoipyaa kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
naa[jaIiryaa kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
]<arI Amaoirka kI laaok kqaae^
TOpI kI laaok kqaae^
kOnaoDa kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
eiSayaa kI laaok kqaae^
yaUraop kI laaok kqaae^
iba`Tona kI laaok kqaae^
AayarlaOMD kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
dixaNa Amaoirka kI laaok kqaae^
------------------------------------------------------------------jaanavar AadmaI kI laaok kqaae^
kaoyaaoTo kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
flaaoM kI laaok kqaaeoM 3 Baaga
baa^saurI kI laaok kqaae^
maoMZkaoM kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
[-kTaomaI kI laaok kqaae^
laaokI kI laaok kqaae^
bandraoM kI laaok kqaae^
tIna kI laaok kqaae^ 3 Baaga
rOvana kI laaok kqaae^ 3 Baaga
saibjayaaoM kI laaok kqaae^ 2 Baaga
laoiKka ko baaro maoM

sauYamaa gauPta ka janma ]<ar p`doSa ko AlaIgaZ, Sahr maoM 1943 maoM huAa qaa. [nhaoM nao Aagara
ivaSvaivaValaya sao samaaja Saas~ AaOr Aqa- Saas~ maoM ema e ikyaa AaOr ifr maorz ivaSvaivaValaya sao baI
eD ikyaa. 1976 maoM yao naa[jaIiryaa calaI gayaIM. vaha^ [nhaoM nao yaUinavaisa-TI AaOf, [baadana sao laa[bao`rI
saa[nsa maoM ema ela esa ikyaa AaOr ek iqayaaolaaojaIkla kaOilaja maoM 10 vaYaao-M tk laa[baòiryana ka kayaikyaa.
vaha^ sao ifr yao [iqayaaoipyaa calaI gayaIM AaOr vaha^ eiDsa Abaabaa yaUinavaisa-TI maoM [nsTIT\yaUT
AaOf, [iqayaaoipyana sTDIja, kI laa[baòrI maoM 3 saala kayaikyaa. t%pScaat [na kao dixaNaI AfrIka
ko ek doSa, ilasaaozao ko ivaSva ivaValaya maoM [nsTIT\yaUT AaOf, sadna- AfrIkna sTDIja, maoM 1 saala kaya- krnao ka Avasar
imalaa. vaha^ sao 1993 maoM yao yaU esa e Aa gayaIM jaha^ [nhaoM nao ifr sao maasTr AaOf, laa[baòrI eoMD [nafaOmao -Sana saa[nsa
ikyaa. ifr 4 saala AaoTaomaaoiTva [nDsT/I e@Sana gaùp ko pustkalaya maoM kayaikyaa.
1998 maoM [nhaoM nao saovaa inavaRi<a lao laI AaOr ApnaI ek vaoba saa[T banaayaI www.sushmajee.com .
tba sao yao ]saI pr kama kr rhIM hOM.
iBanna iBanna doSaaoM maoM rhnao sao [na kao Apnao kaya-kala maoM vaha^ kI bahut saarI laaok kqaaAaoM kao jaananao ka
Avasar imalaa kuC pZ,nao sao, kuC laaogaaoM sao saunanao sao AaOr kuC eosao saaQanaaoM sao jaao kovala [nhIM kao imala sakto qao. ]na
saba kao doK kr [na kao eosaa lagaa ik yao laaok kqaae^ tao ihndI jaananao vaalao baccaaoM AaOr irsaca- krnao vaalaaoM kao tao
kBaI ]plabQa nahIM hao payaoMgaI ihndI kI tao baat hI Alaga hO AMgaòjaI maoM BaI nahIM imala payaoMgaIM.
[sa ilayao nyaUnatma ihndI pZ,nao vaalaaoM kao Qyaana maoM rKto hue ]na laaok kqaaAaoM ka saMklana krnaa pa`rmBa
ikyaa. [na maoM AfrIka, eoiSayaa AaOr dixaNaI AmarIka ko doSaaoM kI laaok kqaaAaoM pr AiQak Qyaana idyaa gayaa hO pr
Amaoirka AaOr kOnaoDa kI BaI kuC laaok kqaae^ saimmailat hOM.
ABaI tk 600 sao AiQak laaok kqaae^ saMkilat kI jaa caukI hO. [na kao doSa ivadoSa kI laaok kqaae^ k`ma
maoM p`kaiSat krnao ka p`yaasa ikyaa jaa rha hO. AaSaa hO ik [sa p`kaSana ko maaQyama sao hma [na laaok kqaaAaoM kao Aap
tk phu^caa sakoMgao.
ivaMDsar,, kOnaoDa
idsambar 2013

Odd Marriages: Folktales From Africa, Folktales in Hindi

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Odd Marriages: Folktales From Africa, Folktales in Hindi

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doSa ivadoSa kI laaok kqaae^ :

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Cover Page picture: Buffalo, Tortoise, Rooster

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

1 dao KalaaoM vaalaI s~I1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

tIna saala tk AiDyaaha baocaarI Apnao baoTo ka duK manaatI

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

rajaa kI pTranaI kao ]sa ko kamaaoM ka sabak isaKanao ka yah AcCa

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Saama tk saba sao laD,nao ko baad rajakumaar ivajayaI GaaoiYat kr

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Kanao ko pUro samaya tk rajaa kI pTranaI rajakumaar sao daostI

Igbo people they are very terrible people

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Agalao idna vah rajakumaar rajaa ko pasa gayaa AaOr ek maukdmaa

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Translated for the word Beads, not pearls

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

2 ek laD,kI ijasa nao ek KaopD,I sao SaadI kI8

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

vah KaopD,I AifyaaoMga AaOr ]sa ko maata ipta ko saaqa ]sa ko

A magician or caller of the spirits is called a Ju Ju man.

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

jaOsao hI vao Aa%maaAaoM kI duinayaa^ maoM phu^cao Ta^ga vaalaI Aa%maa

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

3 ek rajaa ijasa nao maugao- kI baoTI sao SaadI kI12

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

saubah ko 10 bajao jaba saaro sardar laaoga [k{o hao

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

4 ek kCuAa AaOr ]sa kI saundr baoTI19

A Tortoise With a Beautiful Daughter a folktale from Calabar, Southern Nigeria

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Aba [sa rajaa ko rajya maoM

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

pr vah QaIrja rK kr rajakumaar sao baaolaa Agar rajaa kao

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

Agalao 5 saala tk rajakumaar kCue kI baoTI eoDOT24 sao barabar

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

A kind of Nigerian food

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

5 BaOMsa s~I jaadU kI khanaI28

AjaIba SaaidyaaoM kI laaok kqaae^1

laD,kI baaolaI mauJao maalaUma qaa ik tuma yaha^ AaAaogao [saI