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Quality Document 1
Quality Document 1
2.
Ans. (a) SDCCH---- Slow Dedicated Control Channel.
Function----
a) Location updates
b) SMS
c) Cipherin !nitiation
d) "#uip$ent %alidation
e) Subscriber authentation
&) Call set up sinalin
(b) SACCH---Slow Associated Control Channel.
Function'
(a) (i$in ad)ance data
(b) (rans$it power control
(c) trans$ission o& sinalin data
(d) radio lin* super)ision $easure$ents
2. What are the reasons for Hand Overs?
(Ans) . (a) Sinal Strenth (+, L"%"L)
(b) Sinal -ualit. (+, -ual)
(c) /ower 0udet
(d)(i$in Ad)ance.
(e) !nter&erence
1. What are the shortcomings in handovers?
a) Call Droppin.
b) /in- /on hando)er
c) Far- Awa. cell e&&ect
2. What is intelligent hand over?
(Ans)
a) Fu33. loic
b) 4eutral networ*s
5. What are internal & external hand over?
Ans
(1)!4("+4AL 6A4D7%"+
a) ( !4("+ 0(S) ---- (rans&er between two
channels (ti$e slot) in sa$e cell.
b) ( !4(+A 0SC ( 0(S 80(S)-----1 . trans&er between 0(S under control
o& sa$e 0sc
2 Measurin the #ualit. o& radio connection
1 /ower le)els
2. ",("+4AL 6A4D7%"+.
( a) !4("+ 0SC (0SC9 0SC)---- 1. (rans&er between 0(S under
the control o& di&& 0SC
2. 0SC (7 0SC
1 . 4SS to attends the hand o)er
2. MSC controls.
( b) !4("+ MSC ( MSC- MSC) ----1. trans&er between cell under
the control o& di&& MSC
:.What is the frequenc Ho!!ing its im!?
(Ans)
!t is de&ined as se#uential chane o& carrier &re#uenc. on the radio lin*
between $obile ; base station.
(wo t.pes o& &re# hoppin----- 1. 0ase band &re# hoppin.
2. s.nthesi3ed &re#uenc. hoppin.
<. "x!lain the ma#or diff $et%een &&H & S'H?
Ans
!n 006 the no o& hoppin &re# is sa$e as no o& (+,.
!n SF6 the no o& 6opin &re# can be in the rane o& 1to :1.
=. %hat are the advantages of 'requenc Ho!!ing?
1. Fre#uenc. Di)ersit.
2. !nter&erence A)erain
1. capacit.
>. Ho% in frequenc ho!!ing there is enhancement of net%or( ca!acit?
Fre# hoppin i$ple$ent will enable $ore aressi)e &re# reuse pattern?
that leads to better spectru$ e&&icienc..
!t can add $ore transcei)er in the e@istin sites ? while $aintain the net
wor* #ualit.A
Fre# hoppin co$pressin the a)ailable spectru$ to $a*e roo$ &or e@tra
capacit.
.
1B. Define the freq. ho!!ing !arameters?
Frequency Hopping Parameters
CSM de&ines the &ollowin set o& para$eters'
)o$ile Allocation *)A+, Set o& &re#uencies the $obile is allowed to hop o)er.
Ma@i$u$ o& :1 &re#uencies can be de&ined in the MA list.
Ho!!ing Sequence -um$er *HS-+, Deter$ines the hoppin order used in the cell. !t
is possible to assin :2 di&&erent 6S4s. Settin 6S4 D B pro)ides c.clic hoppin
se#uence and 6S4 D 1 to :1 pro)ide )arious pseudo-rando$ hoppin se#uences.
)o$ile Allocation .ndex Offset *)A.O+, Deter$ines inside the hoppin se#uence?
which &re#uenc. the $obile starts do trans$it on. (he )alue o& MA!7 ranes between B
to (4-1) where 4 is the nu$ber o& &re#uencies de&ined in the MA list. /resentl. MA!7 is
set on per carrier basis.
Motorola has de&ined an additional para$eter? F6!.
Ho!!ing .ndicator *'H.+, De&ines a hoppin s.ste$? $ade up b. an associated set o&
&re#uencies (MA) to hop o)er and se#uence o& hoppin (6S4). (he )alue o& F6! )aries
between B to 1. !t is possible to de&ine all 2 F6!s in a sinle cell.
Motorola s.ste$ allows to de&ine the hoppin s.ste$ on a per ti$eslot basis. So
di&&erent hoppin con&iurations are allowed &or di&&erent ti$eslots. (his is )er. use&ul
&or inter&erence a)erain and to rando$i3e the distribution o& errors.
11. What are the effects of freq ho!!ing?
(Ans)
1 6ando)ers'
2 Call setup'
1 Fra$e "rasure +ate (F"+)'
12 ."x!lain in $rief %hat is '"/.
Ans F"+D 4u$ber o& erased bloc*sE total no o& bloc*s F1BB
!t is the riht $easure o& )oice #ualit..
F"+ is per&or$ed on speech; sinalin &ra$es
F"+------- B to 2G? C77D.
2 to 15G ? slihtl. deraded
Creater than 15G? useless
11. What ha!!ens %hen s!eech frames discarded in '"/?
S.ste$ will interpolate.
12. What ha!!ens %hen signaling frames discarded in '"/?
MS is instructed to resend.
15. What is 0CH1 0CH .nterference? Ho% it is measured.
Hhen (C6 carries are reused that leads to co-channel inter&erence.
Hhen (C6 carrier ha)e call acti)it..
(his is $easured b. delta $easure$ent. --- 1. 0CC6 carries are di&&
2. (C6 carriers in both cell 1; cell2 are sa$e AF+C4 (C6
1:. Define the terms?
&"/--- (he nu$ber o& erroneous bits recei)ed
(otal no o& bits recei)ed.
/&"/---2 +esidual bit error rate
3 !t is per&or$ed on de$odulated speech &ra$es that are not $ar*
corrupt
.
&'! -- 0ad &ra$e indication.
1<. "x!lain the !arameters in 0")S 4OC5"0 mo$ile.?
1.
2. Llcell 0CC6 A+FC4
1.
L 0C 0S +,L"%
L (C (S (,
CA! +- F"
(A DSC C6M
+6 CiMd
MCC M4C LAC
+A C!
2.
5.
L1. Loical channel.----- 0CC6
L2. Loical channel ----- (C6
0C-- ser)in cell 0CC6 AF+C4.
0S-- base station identit. code.
+,L"%- recie)ed sinal strenth
(C-- tra&&ic channel
(S - ti$e slot nu$ber.
(, - trans$it power
CA! -- Carrier to inter&erence ratio in db
+- -- +ecei)e bit error rate
F" 8&ra$e erasure rate.
(A -- (i$in ad)ance
C6M --C hannel Mode
+6 -- cell reselction 6.stresis
CiMdICipherin $ode
+AC 8 +outin area code.
LACILocation area code.
1=. "x!lain the analsis $ehind /6 7ual.?
+, -ual is the basic $easure. !t re&lects the a)erae 0"+ o)er the certain period
o& ti$e(B.5s)
+, -JAL done o)er 1B2 (DMA &ra$es.
Li$itation o& +,-JAL---- 1. (he distributions o& bit error o)er ti$e.
2. Fra$e erasure
1. 6and o)er.
1>. What are t!e of interference occur?
1. Co- channel inter&erence.
2. AdK-channel inter&erence.
1. 4ear end- Far end inter&erence.
38. What is "/9A-:?
Jnit o& telephone tra&&ic intensit. is called "rlan.
7ne "+LA4C is one channel occupied continuousl. &or one hour.
1" D :2Lbps.
21. %hat do ou mean $ :OS?
!t is the probabit. o& ha)in a call bloc*ed durin busiest hour.
"@ C7SDB.B5 $eans one call in 2B will be bloc*ed call durin busiest hour
because o& insu&&icient capacit..
22. What are the technique :S) offers %hich com$at )ulti!ath fading?
"#uali3ation
Di)ersit.
Fre# 6oppin
!nterlea)in
Channel codin
21. What are control &traffic channels?
C74(+7L C6A44"L.----1 0C6
2. CCC6
1. DCC6.
(+AFF!C C6A44"L-- 6al& rate
Full rate
"F+ DD "nhanced &ull rate.
22. What are &CH; CCH; DCCH channels?
0C6-- 1. 0CC6
2 .FCC6
1. SC6
CCC6. --- 1./C6
2. ACC6
1. +AC6
DCC6---- 1.SDCC6.
2. SACC6
1. FACC6
25. What are t!es of $ursts?
4or$al 0urst
Fre#uenc. Correction 0urst
S.nchroni3ation 0urst.
Du$$. 0urst
Access 0urst.
2:. What is ad#acent channel se!aration in :S)?
Jrban "n)iron$ent-------- 2BB*h3
Sub Jrban "n)iron$ent ---- 2BB*h3
7pen en)iron$ent ----- =BB*h3
2<. What is the %att to d&m conversions?
/ower in d0$ D 1B lo( watts F1BB)
B d0$D 1$ili watt
1watt D 1Bdb$
2=. Hhat are the opti$i3ations .ou ha)e done durin Dri)e (est?
Hhat are sa$ples in s$?
Hhich $odulation ta*e place in CSM
!n one (+J how $an. &ra$es are there?
Hhat is the )alue +,L"% o& neihborin cell?
Hhat do .ou $ean b. %AD?
Hhat is 0F!? where it is use?