1. The document describes the design of a dry well pumping station, which has underground chambers separating the wet well and dry well.
2. It provides information on typical pump configurations, rising main layouts, pump performance curves, and factors to consider in selecting the station type and sizing components.
3. The document outlines the design process, including determining flow rates, selecting the station type and pumps, sizing the sump and rising main, and design basis and criteria to ensure proper operation.
1. The document describes the design of a dry well pumping station, which has underground chambers separating the wet well and dry well.
2. It provides information on typical pump configurations, rising main layouts, pump performance curves, and factors to consider in selecting the station type and sizing components.
3. The document outlines the design process, including determining flow rates, selecting the station type and pumps, sizing the sump and rising main, and design basis and criteria to ensure proper operation.
1. The document describes the design of a dry well pumping station, which has underground chambers separating the wet well and dry well.
2. It provides information on typical pump configurations, rising main layouts, pump performance curves, and factors to consider in selecting the station type and sizing components.
3. The document outlines the design process, including determining flow rates, selecting the station type and pumps, sizing the sump and rising main, and design basis and criteria to ensure proper operation.
1. The document describes the design of a dry well pumping station, which has underground chambers separating the wet well and dry well.
2. It provides information on typical pump configurations, rising main layouts, pump performance curves, and factors to consider in selecting the station type and sizing components.
3. The document outlines the design process, including determining flow rates, selecting the station type and pumps, sizing the sump and rising main, and design basis and criteria to ensure proper operation.
1. The dry well installation type consists of two separate underground chambers, the sump or the wet well containing the liquid to be pumped and the dry well where the pump, motor and associated pipe work are located. This type usually has an associated superstructure where the control gear is located. 2. Two pumps connected in parallel. One Duty and one stand-by. Under normal operating conditions the pumps operate automatically, being brought into operation by water level detecting devices. These range from electrodes and mercury tilting switches to ultrasonics. The operating levels are determined from consideration of inflow, outflow and sump capacity. All the electrical switchgear is connected to a control panel which can be used to control the station manually if required. The panel will normally keep a record of operational information such as hours run etc. Dry well pumping station 2 Dry well pumping station general arrangement Typical rising main layout 3 Pump Performance curves: System resistance This curve is obtained by computing the total static head (HTS) and the total friction head (hfs + hfd) for a range of flow rates. The results are presented graphically. Duty point The duty point may be found by plotting the two curves (System resistance and Pump curve) on the H/Q axes:- Flow rating for sewage pumps This is related to hypothetical dry weather flow which for domestic foul sewage can only be determined in litres/sec from DWF = 60 x 60 x 24 d h/ 2001/ property x / persons 3 x properties of No Number of pump units This will generally depend upon the size and variability of the flow. For low to medium flows two 100% (ie required capacity) units should be used. For larger inflows, three 50% flow units (or a greater number if correspondingly smaller inflows) are suggested to give flexibility in respect of variable inflow rates. However, this is subject to a single unit being able to produce self-cleansing velocities of 0.75 m/sec in the rising main. 4 Sizing of rising main There are three major factors influencing the rising main sizes: 1) Cost of pipeline: Generally the smaller the diameter the less the cost. 2) Frictional resistance: The smaller the diameter the greater the friction head to be overcome (as H f 2 v ) and hence the larger (and more expensive) pump required. 3) Self-cleansing velocity. Factors influencing selection of station type In general there are five main areas of consideration which are listed below: 1) Civil Construction Costs The main parameter that affects civil costs is the area and depth of excavation. Secondary considerations are the loadings on the floors and the size of the superstructure. Dry well stations are the most expensive being the largest in plan area and usually have substantial superstructures, incorporating lifting beams and hoists. 2) Initial plant costs: Generally speaking there isnt much to choose between the actual pumps themselves, submersible pumps tending to be marginally more expensive. However extension to drive shafts, intermediate support, and level detecting devices, additional valves and bends will influence costs. 3) Running costs (power consumption): Generally the types of pumps found in dry well installations tend to operate most efficiently (this is mainly related to the energy losses in the thrust bearing) thus they tend to have the lowest running costs. 4) Reliability: The degree of reliability of an installation is not directly related to the plant arrangement. It is influenced more by the hydraulic, mechanical and electrical design of the equipment. In the endeavour to keep down costs a design may be adopted that will not have a degree of safety sufficient to permit variable operating conditions, possibly resulting in failures. Overall dry well installations tend to be more reliable, perhaps because of factor more than any other reason. 5) Maintenance: Dry well stations have advantages in terms of accessibility and ease of maintenance. 5 Sewage pumping systems design criteria 1. The recommendations in Sewers for Adoption should be generally applied. 2. Single pump to cater for the design flow, the standby pump should be of equal capacity 3. Unless special circumstances dictate (Eg: directly upstream of a water supply intake) standby motive power should not be provided 4. Alarm in the event of failure should be provided 5. Stations should be designed to that in the event of total failure, mobile pumps may be substituted temporarily. 6. As an ultimate fail safe device, an emergency overflow discharging either directly or indirectly into a watercourse should be provided. The overflow pipe should be at the highest possible level consistent with no resultant flooding upstream. 7. The complete installation should be designed so as to prevent septicity and siltation, whilst noise levels and scour should be kept to a minimum. 8. Wherever possible, pumping stations should not be sited where there is a risk of flooding from adjacent watercourses. Should there be no alternative, then precautions against damage by flooding should be taken. 9. All electrical installations should be positioned above the possible flood level within the station. 10. Provision should be made for pedestrian and vehicular access. Pumping Station Sump Design 1. Sump divided into 2 compartments. Incoming pipes enter in middle broadside on. Adequate ventilation should be provided. 2. Sump base should slope promoting uniform flow and carriage of solids to pump suction 3. Benching should slope to a channel from which pump suction draws upwards 4. Clearance between channel bottom and suction pipe lip should allow passage of solids but not so great as to allow their accumulation. 5. Sump depth to ensure highest starting level below incoming sewer and preferably above pump priming level 6 6. Stop level higher than suction pipe inlet by inlet velocity head or inlet bore whichever is greater. 7. Dissolved oxygen level must be maintained, min 0.5mg/Litre. Inlet drops and large surface area can assist. 9. Sulphide problems must be minimised and septicity avoided. 10. Inlet design either free fall or submerges depending on sulphide content of incoming sewage. Pumping station design stages: 1. Determine peak and dry weather flows to station 2. Select station type factors above 3. Select rising main diameter and determine friction and static head lift 4. Select Number and configuration of pumps 5. Determine sump plan area for chosen configuration 6. Determine maximum water level in station based on incoming pipe invert level 7. Determine volume required in sump for various operational scenarios based 8. Work out stop and start levels for control purposes 9. Determine exact chamber configuration 10. Check station & rising main for night flows Design Basis: The below parameters are arrived: Estimated Peak design Flow (Metres cubed per second) Minimum Discharge Level (Meters) Maximum Discharge Level (Meters) Suction Level (Meters) Minimum Suction Level (Meters) Maximum Suction Level (Meters) Pump Axis Level (Meters) 7 Pump Selection: The following details listed below are the basis for Pump calculation: Pipe roughness coefficient is considered to be 0.3mm. One Duty and one Stand-by pump. Minor Loss Factors for fittings (K) are taken from the Perry Data Hand book. Frictional Factor (f) is calculated using Swamee & Jain equation which is the simplified form of Colebrook-White equation. Friction factor can also be arrived from Moodys chart. Vendor data: Manufacturer Pump Model No. Pump curves Pump quotation.