Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cable Sizing
Cable Sizing
1.
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................3
2.
OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................3
3.
4.
5.
CABLE INSTALLATION........................................................................................4
6.
SIZING CALCULATIONS......................................................................................4
7.
LV CABLE SIZING...............................................................................................4
8.
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS.................................................................................9
9.
TYPICAL CALCULATIONS..................................................................................10
10.
NOTES............................................................................................................12
1.
INTRODUCTION
2.
OBJECTIVE
The Objective of this document is to define the Minimum cable sizing requirement for LV AC
power , control cables and DC cables.
3.
BS
British Standards
IEC-60287
IEC-60364-4-43
IEC-60364-5-52
IEC-60502-2
4.
IEC-60228
IEC-60364-5-54
BS-7671
5.
415/240 V
50 Hz
Solidly Earthed
50kA for 1sec
CABLE INSTALLATION
The methods of cable installation shall be as per " General Electrical Specification, Electrical
Requirements for Packaged Equipment, Low Voltage Power & Control Cables Specification.
6.
SIZING CALCULATIONS
Cables shall be sized in accordance with the following criteria and the relevant standards listed in
this document.
7.
Grouping of cables.
LV CABLE SIZING
7.1
7.2
55 C
90 C
Correction Factors
The various correction factors under different conditions like variation of Ground temperature, Soil
thermal resistivity, grouping of cables and variation in ambient temperature are considered as per
Oman Cables Industry-LV Power & Control Catalogue (Appendix-2) which is as per IEC 60364-552 standard.
As per the Oman Cables Industry LV Power & Control Catalogue the derating factors for LV
cables laid in ground are considered.
a
b
Kt
= 0.94
Kg
=0.57
Cable Site Rating = (Cable Current Carrying Capacity) x (Group Derating Factor)
x (No. of Conductor per phase)
7.3
7.4
The constants K and are considered as per IEC-60364-4-43 for Copper/Aluminium cables and
1 and 0 for Copper / XLPE cable are:
1 = 250 C (for XLPE cable)
0 = 90 C (for XLPE cable) respectively
on substituting the above values in the given formula, the short circuit currents for
ISC = 143 * S
T
and for
Aluminium XLPE cable is
ISC = 94 * S
T
143
and for
Aluminium XLPE cable shall be derived as S = ISC * T
94
Protective devices either fuses or circuit breakers shall be provided to break any short-circuit
current flowing in the conductors before such a current could cause a danger due to thermal and
mechanical effects produced in the conductors and connections.
The cables shall have a minimum section, so that it will be able to support, without being
damaged all thermal stress derived from short-circuit current for all duration time, to be identified
as intervention time of the protection device.
According to IEC 60364-4-43 the cable sizing shall satisfy the following condition, valid for short
circuit.
K2S2 ISC2 t
Where,
K2 S2
I sc2 t
I sc
= duration in seconds of the short circuit depending of protective device that shall be
provided to break the short circuit current flowing in the circuit (tripping time).
7.5
Voltage drop during motor steady state conditions shall be limited to 5%.
Vd% = Ib * Lc *
Rc * Cos + Xc * Sin
* K * 100
1000 * Vn * n
Where,
Vd%
Ib
Lc
Rc
Xc
= Coefficient determined by the kind of system. i.e. 3 in case of three-phase system and
2 in case of single-phase system
Vdc
Lc
Rdc
= no of runs
Vd,st% = Ibst * Lc *
Rc * Cos st + Xc * Sin st
* K * 100
1000 * Vn * n
Where,
Vd,st%
Ib,st
Lc
Xc
8.
REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
9.
TYPICAL CALCULATIONS
CABLE SIZING CALCULATIONS FOR MOTOR 48-P-4805A/B RATED 0.18 KW (LAID IN AIR)
Parameters Considered
Motor rating for 48-P-4805A/B
: 0.18 KW
: 0.76
: 0.64
0.18 x1000
3 x0.415x1000 x 0.76 x 0.64
0.5149 Amps.
0.52 Amps.
Cable Site Rating = (Cable Current Carrying Capacity) X (Group Derating Factor)
X (No. of Conductor per phase)
Group derating factor for cables laid in ground is calculated as shown below.
a
b
Kt
=0.94
Kg
=0.57
0.15m spacing)
Overall admissible ampacity correction factor Df= Kt x Ks x Kd x Kg=0.54
The current carrying capacity for 3C X 2.5 mm2 Cu cable is 27 Amps. (Refer Appendix-1)
So,
Cable Site Rating = (27) x (0.54) x (1)
Cable Site Rating = 14.04 Amps
Say
= 14.5 Amps
De-Rated current is greater than full load current (Ib) of the motor.
Voltage Drop under normal condition
The maximum voltage drop allowed from Distribution board to motor is
Under Starting condition
= 20%
= 2%
For Motor
Cos (running)
0.76
Cos (starting)
0.108
0.6 A
Resistance
9.45 (ohm/Km)
Reactance
0.097 (ohm/Km)
Length (L)
15 mtrs
Vd%
Vd%
Vd%
0.023 %
Vd, st% =
Vd, st % =
0.025 %
Voltage for motor under steady-state and starting conditions is lower than permissible value.
Short Circuit withstand criteria
The short circuit rating for 1 second is given by
ISC = 143 * S
T
ISC = 143* 2.5
1
ISC = 357.5 A
Say ISC = 358 A
Since,
-
Voltage drop from distribution board to Motor is lower than the permissible values
Hence, 1 x 3C x 2.5 mm2 Cu XLPE cable meets the requirement.
9.1 SUMMARY
Cable size & Voltage drop calculations for Barrel Unloading Pumps, Agitator Pumps and
Power Outlets are summarized in attached Appendix-4.
10.
NOTES
1. Ambient temperature is considered as per the Doc no: Environmental Design Data.
2. Maximum conductor operating temperature of 90C is considered as per IEC60364-5-52
Table.52.4 which gives the maximum operating temperatures for types of insulation.
3. Motor KW ratings considered suitably with reference to Chemical Injection Package (Corrosion
Inhibitor) pump data sheet.
4. Power factor, efficiency and locked rotor current (starting current) for Motors are considered
suitably.
5. Cable length from LV Switchgear to Motors is considered as 15mtrs.
6. Cable lengths considered suitably, shall be revised as per approved Cable tray layout.
7. MCCB short-circuit current and time of respective loads is considered by referring approved
vendors.