MATH 2-11 | CUENCO FREDDIEAN R.

Convert Digits to Number

If the problem involves interchanging of the
digits in the integer then you would need to
convert from the digits to numbers and vice
versa. To convert the digits to numbers, we need
to multiply with the digit with the place value of
the digit.
For example, the value of the number formed by
the digit 4 in the tens place and the digit 3 in the
ones place is 4 10 + 3 1
This type of digit problems is shown in the
following example
Interchanging Of Digits Problems
Example:
The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 11.
If we interchange the digits then the new
number formed is 45 less than the original. Find
the original number.
Solution:
Step 1: Assign variables :
Let x = ones digit
t = tens digit
Sentence: The sum of the digits of a two-digit
number is 11.
x + t = 11
Isolate variable x
x = 11 t (equation 1)
Step 2: Convert digits to number
Original number = t 10 + x
Interchanged number = x 10 + t
Sentence: If we interchange the digits then the
new number formed is 45 less than the original.
Interchanged = Original 45
x 10 + t = t 10 + x 45
10x + t = 10t + x 45
10x x + t = 10t 45 (x to both sides)
10x x = 10t t 45 ( t to both sides)
10x x + 45 = 10t t (+ 45 to both sides)
10t t = 10x x + 45 (Rewrite equation with t
on the left hand side)
Combine like terms
10t t = 10x x + 45
9t = 9x + 45 (equation 2)
Substitute equation 1 into equation 2
9t = 9(11 t) + 45
9t = 99 9t + 45
Isolate variable t
9t + 9t = 99 + 45
18t = 144
t=144/18=8
The tens digit is 8. The ones digit is 11 8 = 3
Answer: The number is 83.

MATH 2-11 | CUENCO FREDDIEAN R.

Numbers, Numerals and Digits
Number
number 5
A number is a count or measurement, that is
really an idea in our minds.
We write or talk about numbers using numerals
such as "5" or "five".
But we could also hold up 5 fingers, or tap the
table 5 times.
These are all different ways of referring to the
same number.
There are also special numbers (like (Pi)) that
can't be written exactly, but are still numbers
because we know the idea behind them.
Numeral
A numeral is a symbol or name that stands for a
number.
Examples: 3, 49 and twelve are all numerals.
So the number is an idea, the numeral is how we
write it.
Digit
A digit is a single symbol used to make
numerals.
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are the ten digits we
use in everyday numbers.
numeral and digits
Example: the numeral 153 is made up of 3 digits
("1", "5" and "3").
Example: the numeral 46 is made up of 2 digits
("4", and "6").
Example: the numeral 9 is made up of 1 digit
("9"). So a single digit can also be a numeral
Digits -> Numerals -> Numbers
So digits make up numerals, and numerals stand
for an idea of a number.
Just like letters make up words, and words stand
for an idea of the thing
sghfasdf
talking
Number Instead of Numeral
But often people (including myself) say
"Number" when they really should say
"Numeral" ... it doesn't really matter if you do
that, because other people understand you.
But try to use "digit" only when talking about the
single symbols that make up numerals, OK?
Other Types of Digits and Numerals
We are all used to using numerals like "237" and
"99", but the Romans used Roman Numerals,
and there have been many other digits and
numerals used throughout history.
Question 122157: A two-digit number is 11
times its units digit. The sum of the digits
is 12. Find the number.
To work this problem, you have to think a little
bit about what numbers mean.
You are told that you have a two-digit number.
That means the number contains some tens (call
the number of tens T) and some units (call the
number of units U).
This means that the unknown number is written
as TU.
The last part of the problem tells you that the
sum of the digits in the number is 12. This
means that T + U = 12.
Since T is the number of tens in the number and
U is the number of units in the number, the
value of the number is T times ten plus U times 1
.... or just 10T + U. [For example,
MATH 2-11 | CUENCO FREDDIEAN R.

the number 23 contains 2 tens plus 3 units.]
So again, the number consists of 10T + U and
the problem tells you that this is equal to
11 times U. In equation form this is written as:
10T + U = 11U
Now you have two equations with two
unknowns:
T + U = 12
10T + U = 11U
Let's get the bottom equation in standard form
by getting the two terms with the variables
all on one side of the equation. Do that by
subtraction 11U from both sides of the equation.
When you do that subtraction the bottom
equation becomes:
10T - 10U = 0
and the two equations that we have are now:
T + U = 12
10T - 10U = 0
Let's plan to solve this by variable elimination.
One way we can do that is to multiply
the entire top equation (both sides and all terms)
by 10. This will make the top equation
become 10T + 10U = 120 and the pair of
equations is then:
10T + 10U = 120
10T - 10U = 0
If we then add the two equations vertically in
columns, notice that the +10U and the -10U
cancel each other out ... so the terms containing
U are gone. The vertical addition results
in the equation:
20T = 120
You can solve this for T by dividing both sides of
this equation by 20 to get:
.
T = 120/20 = 6
This tells us that the number we are looking for
contains 6 tens ... so it is in the sixties.
We can return to the equation T + U = 12 and
since we now know that T is 6, this equation
becomes 6 + U = 12. You can solve this equation
for U by subtracting 6 from both sides to
get rid of the 6 on the left side. When you do that
subtraction, the result is U = 6.
So now we know that the number TU is 66.
Let's check it to see that it satisfies the original
problem:
Is the number equal to 11 times its units
number? That means, does the number 66 equal
11 times
the units number of 6. Yes, 11 times 6 is equal to
66.
Does the sum of its digits equal 12? Yes, 6 + 6
does equal 12.
So we have checked the problem and we know
for certain that the two-digit number we were
asked to
find is 66.
Hope this helps you to understand the problem
and a method that can be used for solving it.