Department of Information and Communication Technology

Department of Information & Communication Technology

LAB MANUAL
JAVA LAB
COMILLA UNIVERIT!
Dulal Chakraborty
Assistant Professor
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Comilla University.

OO"L # $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
List of Lab Exercises
Week 1 Name of the program
#
&rite a $a'a program to find (imple Intere(t)
*
&rite a $a'a program to find all arithmetic operation
+
&rite a $a'a program to con'ert any num,er to character num,er format from -
to ./E01i2p1#3o2p1one4
Week-2
5
&rite a $a'a program to find the factorial of a gi'en num,er
6
&rite a $a'a program to find fir(t num,er i( multiple of (econd
7
&rite a $a'a program to print num,er in (orting order
Week-3
8
&rite a $a'a program to print the gi'en num,er i( Arm(trong or not
9
&rite a "rogram to find the Root( of a :uadratic E;uation for the gi'en 'alue(
.
&rite a "rogram To print the <i,onacci (erie( up to gi'en num,er(
Week -4
#-
&rite a "rogram To print the "rime Num,er( upto gi'en num,er(
##
&rite a "rogram To chec= >hether the gi'en (tring i( "alindrome or not)
#*
&rite a "rogram To (ort the gi'en li(t of name(
Week-5
#+
&rite a "rogram To find the product of matrice(
#5
&rite a "rogram To find the (um of integer( and then di(play( each integer3 and
(um of all the integer(
Week-6
#6
&rite a "rogram That read( on a file and di(play the information that >hether
the file e0i(t( or not3 to di(play the information a,out the file and find the type
of file >hether reada,le3 >rita,le and the length of ,yte()
#7
&rite a "rogram That read( a file and di(play( the file on the (creen >ithin line
num,er ,efore each line
Week-7
#8
&rite a "rogram That print( a num,er of character( 3>ord(3line( in that file
#9
&rite a "rogram That
OO"L * $AVA LA%
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implement( a (tac= ADT
Implement( infi0 e0pre((ion into po(tfi0 e0pre((ion
Week-8
#.
&rite an applet that di(play( a (imple me((age
*-
&rite an applet That compute( the payment of a loan ,a(ed on the amount of
the loan the intere(t rate and the no) of month() It ta=e( one parameter from the
,ro>(er1 monthly rate if true3 they intere(t rate i( per month other>i(e the
intere(t rate i( per annual)
Week-9
*#
&rite a "rogram That >or=( a( a (imple calculator u(ing ?rid layout to arrange
,utton( for the digit( and @3A3B C operation() Add a te0t filed to print the re(ult)
**
&rite an applet To handling the mou(e e'ent(
Week-10
*+
&rite an applet To create multiple thread( that correctly implement( producer
con(umer pro,lem u(ing the concept of Inter thread communication
*5
&rite a "rogram That let( the u(er to create pie chart( 3de(ign your o>n
interface
*6
&rite a "rogram That allo> u(er to dra> the line3 rectangle and ou) al(
Week-11
*7
&rite a "rogram That implement( the client2(er'er application) The client (end(
the data to the (er'er3 the client recei'e( the data3 u(e( it to produce a re(ult and
then (end( the re(ult ,ac= to the client) The client di(play( the re(ult on the
con(ole)
E01 The data (ent ,y the client i( radiu( of a circle and the re(ult produced ,y
the (er'er i( area of a circle
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING:
OO"L + $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
OOP Concepts:
The o,Dect oriented paradigm i( ,uilt on the foundation laid ,y the (tructured programming
concept() The fundamental change in OO" i( that a program i( de(igned around the data ,eing
operated upon rather upon the operation( them(el'e() Data and it( function( are encap(ulated
into a (ingle entity)OO" facilitate( creating reu(a,le code that can e'entually (a'e a lot of >or=)
A feature called polymorphi(m permit( to create multiple definition( for operator( and function()
Another feature called inheritance permit( to deri'e ne> cla((e( from old one() OO" introduce(
many ne> idea( and in'ol'e( a different approach to programming than the procedural
programming)
Benefits of object oriented programming:
Data (ecurity i( enforced)
Inheritance (a'e( time)
U(er defined data type( can ,e ea(ily con(tructed)
Inheritance empha(iEe( in'ention( of ne> data type()
Large comple0ity in the (oft>are de'elopment cn ,e ea(ily managed)
Basic C++ Knowledge:
C@@ ,egan it( life in %ell La,(3 >here %Darne trou(trup de'eloped the language in the early
#.9-() C@@ i( a po>erful and fle0i,le programming language) Thu(3 >ith minor e0ception(3 C@@
i( a (uper(et of the C "rogramming language)
The principal enhancement ,eing the o,Dect Foriented concept of a cla(()
A Cla(( i( a u(er defined type that encap(ulate( many important mechani(m() Cla((e( ena,le
programmer( to ,rea= an application up into (mall3 managea,le piece(3 or o,Dect()
Basic concepts of Object oriented programming:

Object:
O,Dect( are the ,a(ic run time entitie( in an o,DectAoriented (y(tem)
thy may repre(ent a per(on3 a place3 a ,an= account3 a ta,le of data or any item that the
program ha( to handle)
Class:
The entire (et of data and code of an o,Dect can ,e made of a u(er defined data type >ith
the help of a cla(()
I fact3 O,Dect( are 'aria,le( of the type cla(()
Once a cla(( ha( ,een defined3 >e can create any num,er of o,Dect( ,elonging to that cla((
A cla(( i( thu( a collection of o,Dect( of (imilar type)
for e0ample1 mango3 apple3 and orange are mem,er( of the cla(( fruit)
e01 fruit mangoG >ill create an o,Dect mango ,elonging to the cla(( fruit)
Data Abstraction and Encapsulation:
OO"L 5 $AVA LA%
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The >rapping up of data and function( in to a (ingle unit i( =no>n a( encap(ulation)
Data encap(ulation i( the mo(t (tri=ing feature of a cla(()
The data i( not acce((i,le to the out(ide >orld3 and only tho(e function( >hich are >rapped
in the cla(( can acce(()
Thi( in(ulation of the data from direct acce(( ,y the program i( called data hiding)

Abstraction :
A,(traction refere( to the act of repre(enting e((ential feature( >ithout including the
,ac=ground detail( or e0planation()
(ince the cla((e( u(e the concept of data a,(traction 3thy are =no>n a( a,(traction data
type/ADT4)

Inheritance :
Inheritance i( the proce(( ,y >hich o,Dect( of one cla(( ac;uire the propertie( of
o,Dect( of another cla(() Inheritance (upport( the concept of hierarchical cla((ification)
for e0ample1
The ,ird Hro,in H i( a part of the cla(( Hflying ,irdH >hich i( agian a part of the cla(( H,irdH)
The concept of inheritance pro'ide the idea of reu(a,ility)
POLYMORPHISM:
OO"L 6 $AVA LA%
%ird
Attri,ute(1
<eather(
Lay egg(
<lying
,ird
Attri,ute(1
AAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAA
Non flying
,ird
Attri,ute(1
AAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAA
Ro,in
Attri,ute(1
IIIIIIIII
>allo>
Attri,ute(1
IIIIIIIII
"enguin
Attri,ute(1
IIIIIIIII
Ji>i
Attri,ute(1
IIIIIIIII
Department of Information and Communication Technology
"olymorphi(m i( another important oop concept) "olymorphi(m mean( the a,ility to ta=e
more than one form) an operation may e0hi,it different in(tance() The ,eha'ior depend( upon
the type( of data u(ed in the operation)
The proce(( of ma=ing an operator to e0hi,it different ,eha'ior( in different in(tance i(
=no>n a( operator o'erloading)
"olymorphi(m play( an important role in allo>ing o,Dect( ha'ing different internal (tructure( to
(hare the (ame e0ternal interface) "olymorphi(m i( e0ten(i'ely u(ed if implementing inheritance)
The Object-Oriented Approach
The fundamental idea ,ehind o,DectAoriented language( i( to com,ine into a (ingle
program entity ,oth data and the function( that operate on that data) uch an entity i( called an
o,Dect)
An o,DectH( function(3 called mem,er function( in C@@ /,ecau(e they ,elong to a particular cla((
of o,Dect(43 typically pro'ide the only >ay to acce(( it( data) If you >ant to read a data item in an
o,Dect3 you call a mem,er function in the o,Dect) It >ill read the item and return the 'alue to you)
!ou canHt acce(( the data directly) The data i( hidden3 (o it i( (afe from accidental alteration) Data
and it( function( are (aid to ,e encap(ulated into a (ingle entity) Encap(ulation and data hiding
are =ey term( in the de(cription of o,DectAoriented language()
OO"L 7 $AVA LA%
hape
Dra>/4
Circle O,Dect
Dra>/4
%o0 O,Dect
Dra>/4
Triangle O,Dect
Dra>/4
Department of Information and Communication Technology
1ava History:
$a'a i( a generalApurpo(eG o,Dect oriented programming language de'eloped ,y
un Micro(y(tem( of UA in #..#) Originally called Koa=L ,y $ame( ?o(ling3 one of the
in'entor( if the language) Thi( goal had a (trong impact on the de'elopment team to ma=e the
language (imple3 porta,le3 highly relia,le and po>erful language)
$a'a al(o add( (ome ne> feature() &hile C@@ i( a (uper(et of C) $a'a i( neither a
(uper(et nor a (u,(et of C or C@@)
OO"L 8 $AVA LA%
C++
C
Java
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Process of building and running java application programs:
The >ay the(e tool( are applied to ,uild and run application program( i( create a program) &e
need create a (ource code file u(ing a te0t editor) The (ource code i( then compiled u(ing the Da'a
compiler Da'ac and e0ecuted u(ing the Da'a interpreter Da'a) The Da'a de,ugger Dd, i( u(ed to find
error() A complied Da'a program can ,e con'erted into a (ource code)
OO"L 9 $AVA LA%
Te0t Editor
$a'a ource
Code
$a'adoc
MTML
file(
$a'ac
$a'a Cla((
<ile
$a'ah
Meader
<ile(
$a'a /only file name4 $d, /data,a(e4
$a'a
progra
m
Output
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#) &rite a Da'a program to find the (imple intere(t)
HW/SW requirements:
"roce((or 1 AMD Athelon N #)78 ?ME
RAM 1 *67 M%
Mard Di(= 1 5- ?%
$DJ i( re;uired3 &ith compiler()
Algorithm:
#) tart the program)
*) Declare the 'aria,le( and a((ume 'alue(
+) Intere(tTopayOprincipleBtimeBrate2#--G
5) print the 'alue()
6) End of cla(( and main method)
7) (top the proce((
Test Data:
a4 Valid data (et(1 *6--- int 'alue a( principal3 #*)6f float 'alue a( rate3 *)86 a( dou,le
a( intere(tTo"ay
,4 Limiting 'alue (et(1 Only integer 'alue( can ,e (tored in the 'ar) principal)
c4 In'alid data (et(1 If >e a((ign float 'alue in 'ar) principal error >ill occur)
Results for different data sets:
"rincipalamount i( R()*6--- intere(tOR()96.+)86
Total amount to pay to clear the loan O R()++6.+)86
Viva-Voc Questions :
1) What is a method? And What is OOPS?
2) What is the signature of a method?
3) What is the difference between an instance variable and a class variable?
4) What is an abstract method?
5) What is an abstract class?
6)What is an object reference

OO"L . $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*) &rite a Da'a program to find the gi'en num,er( of arithmetic operation()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
tep#1(tart
tep*1input n3r3(
tep+1(O-
tep51dOnC#-
tep61(O(@d
tep71nOn2#-
tep81 i( nQO-
tep91 repeat (tep 5 to (tep 7 till (tep 8 i( true
tep.1>hen (tep 8 fall(
tep#-1print (
tep##1(top
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 23415
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the num,er >ho(e digit( are to ,e added1#*+5
um of the digit(1#-
Enter the num,er >ho(e digit( are to ,e added1+5678
um of the digit(1A*8
Enter <ir(t Num,er1 #*
Enter econd Num,er1 5
Addition of a and , O #7
u,traction of a and , O 9
OO"L #- $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Multiplication of a and , O 59
Di'i(ion of a and , O +
Viva Voce Questions
7) What is an exception?
8) Why does the compiler complain about Interrupted Exception when I try to use
Thread's sleep method?
9) Why do methods have to declare the exceptions they can throw?
10) What's the difference between a runtime exception and a plain exception-why don't you
runtime exceptions have to be declared?
11) What is an applet?
12) . How do applets differ from applications?
OO"L ## $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
+) &rite a Da'a program to find the gi'en (ingle digit num,er u(ing (>itch ca(e)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
Algorithm:
#) tart the program)
*) Read a (tring >ith input(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
+) con'ert the (tring into Integer)par(eInt/(tdin)readLine/44G
5) %y u(ing (>itch ca(e / multi >ay deci(ion (tatement4 >hen a match i( found3 that ca(e i(
e0ecuted)
6) Default it i( a ,rea= (tatement e0it the (>itch (tatement)
7) (top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 4
Invalid Data Set: -4
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter Any po(iti'e (ingle digit num,er 1
5
<our
Enter Any po(iti'e (ingle digit num,er1
6
<i'e
OO"L #* $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva Voce Questions
13) . Can I write 1ava code that works both as an applet and as a stand-alone application?
14). What is the difference between an application, an applet, and a servlet?
15) Several applet methods seem special, in that I need to define them even if my own code
doesn't invoke them--what are the methods, and when (and by whom) are they invoked?
16). Should applets have constructors?
17) . How can my applet tell when a user leaves or returns to the web page containing my
applet?
18) . How do I read number information from my applet's parameters, given that Applet's
getParameter method returns a String?
OO"L #+ $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
5) &rite a Da'a program to find the gi'en factorial num,er()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
tep#1 (tart
tep*1 input n3I3f
tep+1 fOiO#
tep51 if/iROn4
tep61 fOfBi
tep71 iOi@#
tep81 repeat from (tep6 to (tep7 till (tep( true
tep91 print f
tep.1 (top
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 5
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the num,er 16
<actorial 1#*-
Enter the num,er1+
<actorial17
Viva Voce Questions
19) . When I subclass Applet, why should I put setup code in the init() method? Why not
just a constructor for my class?
20). Can I use an http URL to write to a file on the server from an applet?
21) . Can applets launch programs on the server?
22) . Can applets launch programs on the client?
23) . How do you do file I/O from an applet?
24) . How do I access remote machine's file system through 1ava Applet?
OO"L #5 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
6)&rite a Da'a program to chec= >hether the fir(t num,er i( a multiple of (econd num,er)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
# tart the program)
* Read a (tring >ith input(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
+ con'ert the (tring into Integer)par(eInt/(tdin)readLine/44G
5 %y u(ing (>itch ca(e / multi >ay deci(ion (tatement4 >hen a match i( found3 that ca(e i(
e0ecuted)
6 Default it i( a ,rea= (tatement e0it the (>itch (tatement)
7 (top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 2
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the <ir(t num,er
*
Enter the (econd num,er1
5
The fir(t num,er i( not the multiple of (econd num,er
Enter the <ir(t num,er
#*
Enter the (econd num,er
+
The fir(t num,er i( the multiple of (econd num,er
OO"L #6 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva Voce Questions
25) What is a thread?
26) . How do I create a thread and start it running?
27) . How many threads can I create?
28) . How does Thread's stop method work--can I restart a stopped thread?
29) . If I create a thread, and then null out the reference to it, what happens to the thread?
Does it get interrupted or what?
30) . How should I stop a thread so that I can start a new thread later in its place?
OO"L #7 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
7) &rite a Da'a program to chec= gi'en num,er( in a (orting order)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program)
*) Create a cla(( and 'aria,le( >ith data type()
+) Read a (tring >ith Datainput(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
5) con'ert the (tring into Integer)par(eInt/(tdin)readLine/44G
6) %y u(ing for loop rotating the array)
7) "rint the concatenation of array()
8) top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 6 9 3 2 0 1
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter #- Element( into Array
*
+
5
#
6
8
9
7
OO"L #8 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
+
#
Re;uired Order i(
#
#
*
+
5
6
7
8
9
Viva Voce Questions
31) .How do I specify pause times in my program?
32) Why is thread synchronization important for multithreaded programs?
33) . What is a monitor?
34) . How does the synchronized keyword work?
35) . What objects do static synchronized methods use for locking?
36) . How do the wait and notifyAll/notify methods enable cooperation between threads?
OO"L #9 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
8) &rite a Da'a program to generate the Arm(trong num,er)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program)
*) Create a cla(( and 'aria,le( >ith data type()
+) Declaration of the main cla(()
5) Read a (tring >ith Datainput(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
6) con'ert the (tring into Integer)par(eInt/(tdin)readLine/44G
7) (umO(um@rBrBr formula)
8) u(ing if el(e (tatement)
9) top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 153
Invalid Data Set: 4
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter any "o(iti'e Integer Num,er 1
5
?i'en Num,er i( not Arm(trong Num,er
Enter any "o(iti'e Integer Num,er 1
#6+
?i'en Num,er i( Arm(trong Num,er
OO"L #. $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva Voce Questions
37) . How do I achieve the effect of condition variables if the 1ava platform provides me
with only wait and notifyAll/notify methods?
38) . How do I make one thread wait for one or more other threads to finish?
39) . What do I use the yield method for?
40) . Does the 1ava Virtual Machine protect me against deadlocks?
41) . I have several worker threads. I want my main thread to wait for any of them to
complete, and take action as soon as any of them completes. I don't know which will
complete soonest, so I can't just call Thread.join on that one. How do I do it?
42) How do I do keyboard (interactive) I/O in 1ava?
OO"L *- $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
9)&rite a Da'a program to generate the ;uadratic e;uation)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program) Import the pac=age()
*) Create a cla(( and 'aria,le( >ith data type()
+) Declaration of the main cla(()
5) Read a (tring >ith input(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
6) con'ert the (tring into Integer)par(eInt/(tdin)readLine/44G
7) %y u(ing if/dOO-4 KRoot( are E;ualentL loop rotating the integer 'alue)
8) if/dS-4 KRoot( are RealL other>i(e /TRoot( are ImaginaryT4G
9) Repeat( enter the 'alue until end of loop)
.) End of cla(( and main method)
#-) top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 1 9 4
Invalid Data Set: 2 3
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter 'alue of a1
OO"L *# $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
*
Enter 'alue of ,1
+
Enter 'alue of c1
5
Root( are Imaginary
Enter 'alue of a1
#
Enter 'alue of ,1
.
Enter 'alue of c1
5
Root( are Real
Root# O A-)57998##*696-8*65+
Root2 = -8.531128874149275
Viva Voce Questions
43) . Is there a way to read a char from the keyboard without having to type carriage-
return?
44). How do I read a line of input at a time?
45) . How do I read input from the user (or send output) analogous to using standard input
and standard output in C or C++?
46) . Is there a standard way to read in int, long, float, and double values from a string
representation?
47) . How do I read a String/int/boolean/etc from the keyboard?
48) . I try to use "int i System.in.read();" to read in an int from the standard input
stream. It doesn't work. Why?
OO"L ** $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
.)&rite a Da'a program to generate the <i,onacci (erie(3 gi'en num,er of n 'alue()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
AL?ORITMM1
tep#1 (tart
tep*1 read I303f3f#3f*
tep+1 fO-3f#O#3f*O#
tep51 do
I@@
<#Of*
<*Of
<Of#@f*
&hile /iROn4
tep61 print f
Step6: stop
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 12
Invalid Data Set: -12
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the num,er u >ant in <i,onacci (erie(1#*
- # # * + 6 9 #+ *#
Enter the num,er u >ant in <i,onacci (erie(16
OO"L *+ $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
- # # * +
Viva Voce Questions
49) . I use the following to read an int. It does not work. Why?
50). I'm trying to read in a character from a text file using the DataInputStream's
readChar() method. However, when I print it out, I get?`s.
51) . Why do I get garbage results when I use DataInputStream's readInt or readFloat
methods to read in a number from an input string?
52). How do I read data from a file?
53) . How do I write data to a file?
54). How do I append data to a file?
OO"L *5 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#-) &rite a Da'a program to find the prime num,er( upto gi'en num,er)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
tep#1 (tart
tep*1 read n 'alue
tep+1 for iO# iROn
tep51repeat a , c d e
a4factorial e;ual to -
,4 for iO#3DRO# repeat c3d
c4if i percentage D e;ual to Eero
d4 fact e;ual to factorial added >ith one
e4 if factorial e;ual to*print a( prime num,er
(tep61 di(play the prime no till nth num
71 (top
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 2 3 5
Invalid Data Set: 1 4
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter "o(iti'e 'alue 1 #-
*
+
6
8
Enter "o(iti'e 'alue 1 * 7 * + 6
OO"L *6 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva Voce Questions
55). When do I need to flush an output stream?
56) . Why do I see no output when I run a simple process, such as
r.exec("/usr/bin/ls")?
57) . Can I write objects to and read objects from a file or other stream?
58) . How do I format numbers like C's printf()?
59). How do I do file I/O in an applet?
60) . How do I do I/O to the serial port on my computer
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
##)&rite Da'a program di(play the gi'en (tring i( palindrome or not
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program) Import the pac=age()
*) Read a (tring >ith input(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
+) re'er(e the (tring and (tore into another (tring
5) if ,oth the (tring( are e;ual
OO"L *7 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
>rite palandrom
el(e
>rite not a palandrom
6) End of cla(( and main method)
7) (top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: amma
Invalid Data Set: ananth
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter a (tring
madam
?i'en (tring i( palindrome
Enter a (tring
c(e
?i'en (tring i( not palindrome
OO"L *8 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva Voce Questions
61) . How do I do formatted I/O like printf and scanf in C/C++?
62). How do I read a file containing ASCII numbers?
63) . Why do I have trouble with System.out.println()?
64). How do I write to the serial port on my PC using 1ava?
65) . Is it possible to lock a file using 1ava ?
66) . How do I make the keyboard beep in 1ava?
OO"L *9 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#*)&rite a Da'a program arrange (tring( into a((ending order
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program)
*) Create a cla(( and 'aria,le( >ith data type()
+) Read a (tring >ith Datainput(treamReader/y(tem)in4)
5) con'ert n 'alue to integer
6) repeate U7V until I Rn
7) repeate U8V until D RnAi
8) if aWDXRaWD@#X then
change 'alue from aWDX to aWD@#X
9) "rint the array
.) top the program)
OO"L *. $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: deva ananth amma
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the (tring 1 deva ananth amma

a((ending order1 amma ananth deva
Viva Voce Questions
67). How do I make I/O faster? My file copy program is slow.
68). How do I do formatted I/O of floating point numbers?
69). How do I read numbers in exponential format in 1ava?
70) . How do I delete a directory in 1ava? 71). How do I tell how much disk space is free in
1ava?
72) . How do I get a directory listing of the root directory C:\ on a PC?
73). I did a read from a Buffered stream, and I got fewer bytes than I specified
OO"L +- $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment
#+)&rite a Da'a program to find the product of the matrice( ,y u(ing t>o dimen(ional array()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
tep#1 (tart
tep*1read I3D3=3aW+XW+X3,W+XW*X3cW+XW*X
tep+1 read aW+XW+X Y ,W+XW*X
tep 51iO-3DO-3=O-
tep61 if iR+ then i@@ el(e goto #
tep71 if DR+ then D@@ el(e goto 6
tep81 if =R+ then =@@ el(e goto 7
tep91 cWiXWDXOcWiXWDX@aW=XWDXB,WiXW=X
tep.1 print aWiXWDX3,WiXWDX3cWiXWDX
tep #-1 (top
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the element( of #(t matri0
#
*
+
5
6
7
8
9
OO"L +# $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
.
Enter the element( of the *nd matri0
#
-
-
-
#
-
-
-
#
The productof the matrice( i(
# * +
5 6 7
8 9 .
Viva Voce Questions
74) . How do I redirect the System.err stream to a file?
75) . What are the values for the Unicode encoding schemes?
76) . How do I print from a 1ava program?
77) . What are the properties that can be used in a Print1ob?
78) . How do I get 1ava talking to a Microsoft Access database?
79). How do I do I/O redirection in 1ava using exec()?
OO"L +* $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#6)&rite Da'a program di(play the file i( e0i(t( and num,er of ,yte( in the gi'en file
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program3 import the pac=age()
*) create an o,Dect of UfiV u(ing fileinput(tream cla((
+) if chec= the file e0it then
print Ufile i( e0itV
el(e
print Ufile doe( not e0it
5) "rint the num,er of ,yte( of gi'en file( i( u(ing fi)a'ail/4 function
6) top the program
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: C1ZDOCUME[#Z(tudentZDe(=topSDa'a p#6
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
OO"L ++ $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
C1ZDOCUME[#Z(tudentZDe(=topSDa'a p#6
num,er of ,yte( in thi( file i(1*5.
viva voce Questions
80) What is the signature of a method?
81) How do I create an instance of a class? 82) . Why do I get the
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError when I run my 1ava program containing Native Method
invocations?
83) Given a method that doesn't declare any exceptions, can I override that method in a
subclass to throw an exception?
84) What's the difference between a runtime exception and a plain exception-why don't
runtime exceptions have to be declared?
85) Why do methods have to declare the exceptions they can throw?
86) Why does the compiler complain about Interrupted Exception when I try to use
Thread's sleep method?
OO"L +5 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#7)&rite Da'a program di(play the line no ,efore the content of the gi'en file
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program3 import the pac=age()
*) create an o,Dect of UfiV u(ing fileinput(tream cla((
+) compute countO-
5) repeate U5V until file i( empty
6) if the ne> line i( arri'ed then
printf counter3count@@
7)top the program
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: line no1#import Da'a)util)BG
line no1*cla(( p#5
line no1+\
line no15pu,lic (tatic 'oid main/tring arg(WX4
line no16\
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
OO"L +6 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
line no1#import Da'a)util)BG
line no1*cla(( p#5
line no1+\
line no15pu,lic (tatic 'oid main/tring arg(WX4
line no16\
line no17int (O-G
line no18tringTo=eniEer to=enOne> tringTo=eniEer/arg(W-X3T3T4G
line no19>hile/to=en)ha(MoreTo=en(/44
line no1.(O(@Integer)par(eInt/to=en)ne0tTo=en/44G
line no1#-y(tem)out)println/(4G
line no1##]
line no1#*]
line no1#+
line no1#5^
Viva voce Questions
87) What is an exception?
88) I can't seem to change the value of an Integer object once created.
89) How can I safely store particular types in general containers?
90) Why is the String class final? I often want to override it.
91) . How do static methods interact with inheritance?
92) Where can I find examples of the use of the 1ava class libraries?
OO"L +7 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#8)&rite Da'a program di(play the nof line(3>ord( and character( of a gi'en file
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#4 tart the program3 import the pac=age()
*4 create an o,Dect of UfiV u(ing fileinput(tream cla((
+4 compute countO-3>ordO-3lineO#3(paceO-
54 repeate U5V until file i( empty
64 if fi)read/4 e;ual to ne> line then
line@@
el(e
fi)read/4 e;ual to (pace then
>ord@@
el(e
char@@
74 print >ord3line3char
84 top the program
OO"L +8 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
94 tart the program3 import the pac=age()
.4 create an o,Dect of UfiV u(ing fileinput(tream cla((
#-4 compute countO-3>ordO-3lineO#3(paceO-
##4 repeate U5V until file i( empty
#*4 if fi)read/4 e;ual to ne> line then
line@@
el(e
fi)read/4 e;ual to (pace then
>ord@@
el(e
char@@
#+4 print >ord3line3char
#54 top the program
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: C1ZDOCUME[#Z(tudentZDe(=topSDa'a p#-

Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
C1ZDOCUME[#Z(tudentZDe(=topSDa'a p#8
nof charecter(1**8 >ord(1*+ line(#5of the gi'en file
Viva voce Questions
93) How can I find the format of a .class file/any file?
94) What are "class literals"?
95) What is an object reference?
96) What does it mean that a method or class is abstract?
97) What is an abstract class?
98) What is an abstract method?
OO"L +9 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#9)&rite a Da'a program to implement (tac=
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
1) a)Algorithm For Inserting an Item into the Stack s:
"rocudure "UM/3I_E3TO"3ITEM4
Array
I_E tac= (iEe
TO" tac= "ointer
ITEM 'alue in a cell
tep#1\Chec= for (tac= o'erflo>]
If TO"SOI_E then
"rintf/Utac= o'erflo>V4
Return
tep*1\Increment pointer top]
TO"OTO"@#
tep +1\In(ert ITEM at top of the tac=]
WTO"XOITEM
Return
b)Algorithm For Deleting an Item into the Stack
function "O"/3TO"4
Array
TO" tac= "ointer
tep#1\Chec= for (tac= underflo>]
If TO"O- then
"rintf/Utac= underflo>V4
Return
tep*1\Return former top element of (tac=]
ITEMO/WTO"X4G
+1\Decrement pointer TO"]
TO"OTO"A#
Return
c)Algorithm For display Items into a Stack S
function "O"/3TO"4
Array
TO" tac= "ointer
OO"L +. $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
tep#1\Chec= for (tac= underflo>]
If TO"O- then
"rintf/U(tac= i( emptyV4
Return
tep*1\di(play (tac= element( until TO" 'alue]
"rint/WTO"X4
TO"OTO"@#
d)Algorithm For display top item from the Stack S
function "O"/3TO"4
Array
TO" tac= "ointer
tep#1\Chec= for (tac= underflo>]
If TO"O- then
"rintf/U(tac= i( emptyV4
Return
tep*1\di(play TO" 'alue into the tac=]
"rint/WTO"X4
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: enter your choice
#)pu(h/43*)pop/43+)di(play/4
*
enter any item
#+
enter any operation/y2n4
y
enter your choice
#)pu(h/43*)pop/43+)di(play/4
#
or
Enter the Infi0 E0pre((ion```)1 a@,Bc
The "o(tfi0 E0pre((ion i(```````)a,cB@
Invalid Data Set: 5
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
OO"L 5- $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Results for different Data Sets
enter your choice
#)pu(h/43*)pop/43+)di(play/4
#
enter any item
#*
enter any operation/y2n4
y
enter your choice
#)pu(h/43*)pop/43+)di(play/4
#
enter any item
+5
enter any operation/y2n4
y
enter your choice
#)pu(h/43*)pop/43+)di(play/4
+
+5 #*
enter any operation/y2n4
n
OR
Enter the Infi0 E0pre((ion```)1 a@,Bc
The "o(tfi0 E0pre((ion i(```````)a,cB@
Viva voce Questions
99) How do I create an instance of a class?
100) What is an object reference?
101) What are "class literals"?
102) What are the values for the Unicode encoding schemes?
103) How do I print from a 1ava program?
104) How do I get a directory listing of the root directory C:\ on a PC?
OO"L 5# $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
#.)&rite a Da'a applet to di(play (imple me((age
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#1(tart
*1 ta=e applet(
* 1di(play
+ End applet
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 300 400 500
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
OO"L 5* $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva voce Questions
105) How do I delete a directory in 1ava?
106) How do I read numbers in exponential format in 1ava?
107) How do I do formatted I/O of floating point numbers?
108) How do I make I/O faster? My file copy program is slow.
109) Is it possible to lock a file using 1ava ?
110) How do I write to the serial port on my PC using 1ava? )
OO"L 5+ $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*-)&rite an applet that compute( the payment of a loan on the amount of the loan3the intere(t
rate and the num,er of month()it ta=e( one parameter from the ,ro>(er1monthly rate3if true3the
intere(t rate i( per month other>i(e the intere(t rate i( per annual)
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
# (tart
* ta=e applet
+ add/ne> La,el/T(elect month(2year( T44G
5 action"erformed/ActionE'ent e4
6 el(e
7 (top
Integer)par(eInt/ta)getTe0t/44BInteger)par(eInt/tm#)getTe0t/44BInteger)par(eInt/tr)getTe0t/442#*--
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 24 months
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
OO"L 55 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva voce Questions
111) Why do I have trouble with System.out.println()?
112) How do I read a file containing ASCII numbers?
113) How do I do formatted I/O like printf and scanf in C/C++?
114) How do I do I/O to the serial port on my computer?
15) How do I do file I/O in an applet?
116) Can I write objects to and read objects from a file or other stream?
OO"L 56 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*#)>rite a Da'a program that >or=( a( a (imple calculator
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
# (tart
* ta=e applet
+ add/ne> La,el(4
5 action"erformed/ActionE'ent e4
6 el(e
7 prniln iOInteger)par(eInt/(*42Integer)par(eInt/(#4G
8 (top tf)(etTe0t/tring)'alueOf/i44G
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: press any no: 2 3 4 7
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
OO"L 57 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
**)&rite a Da'a program to implement the A""LET "ACJA?E3 dra> Mou(e e'ent handler
program()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program)
*) Import the pac=age( of applet3 a>t3 a>t)e'ent)
+) Create a cla((e(3 method()
5) Mou(e moment(3 mou(e Clic=ed3 mou(e "re((ed3 mou(e Relea(ed3 mou(e Entered3 mou(e
E0ited3 mou(e Dragged e'ent( arg()
6) g)dra>tring/4 application of ?raphical U(er Interface)
7) >hile rotating mou(e e'ent arg()
8) The mou(e e'ent argument( e0ecution)
9) "rinting in the (eparated Applet 'ie>er >indo>)
.) top the program)
OO"L 58 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: click mouse
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Viva voce Questions
117) Why do I see no output when I run a simple process, such as r.exec("/usr/bin/ls")?
118) When do I need to flush an output stream?
119) How do I append data to a file?
120) How do I write data to a file?
121) How do I read data from a file?
122) Explain the Polymorphism principle.
OO"L 59 $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*+)>rite a Da'a program on interthread communication
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
1 tart
* ta=e cla((
+ for (ingal >ait
5 true -r fal(e
6 println ne> InterThread/Do,4
7 (top
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 0 1 2
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
put1 -
got1 -
put1 #
got1 #
put1 *
got1 *
put1 +
got1 +
put1 5
got1 5
OO"L 5. $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Viva voce Questions
123) Why do methods have to declare the exceptions they can throw?
124) Explain the different forms of Polymorphism.
125) Describe the principles of OOPS
126) What is the difference between encapsulation and datahiding.explain with example
127) What is the use/advantage of function overloading
128) Explain the Inheritance Principle
OO"L 6- $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*6)&rite a Da'a program to implement the A""LET "ACJA?E3 dra> Line(3 Rectangle(3
Rounded Rectangle(3 filled "olygon( program()
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
#) tart the program)
*) Import the pac=age( of applet3a>t3a>t)e'ent)
+) Create a cla((e(1 pu,lic 'oid paint/?raphic( g4)
5) A((ume the 'alue( of (tring3 color and font)
6) g)dra>tring/4 application of ?raphical U(er Interface)
7) "rinting in the (eparated Applet 'ie>er >indo>)
8) top the program)
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: 200 400 500
Invalid Data Set: 1000000000
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
OO"L 6# $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
Results for different Data Sets
Viva voce Questions
129) Can we inherit private members of class ?
130) Why do you need abstraction?
131) How macro execution is faster than function ?
132) What is size of class having no variable & 1 function which returns int
133) Difference between object-oriented programming and procedure oriented programming
134) What do you mean by realization in oops, what is presistent,transient object.
OO"L 6* $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
AIM:
Name of the Experiment:
*7)&rite a Da'a program that implement( the client2(er'er program
Software/Hardware Requirements:
S/W: $DJ#)6/$AVA43 Office P"3 &indo>( NT er'er >ith er'ice "ac=
H/W: "entium IV3 Intel Mother %oard "roce((or3 5- ?% MDD3 *67 M% RAM
ALGORITHM:
# tart the program)
* Import the pac=age( of applet3 a>t3 a>t)e'ent)
+ Create a cla((e(3 method()
5 ta=e er'eroc=et ((ocOne> er'eroc=et
6 defalt thro>( E0ception
7 di(play ,yteWX dataOm(g)get%yte(/4G
8 println iO+)#5B<loat)par(e<loat/(tr4B<loat)par(e<loat/(tr4G
7 (top program
Test Data:
Valid Data Set: hai
enter socket no:127.0.0,21
Invalid Data Set: Not applicable
Limiting Data Sets: Integer Range (A+*879 to +*8784
Results for different Data Sets
Enter the >ord 1 hallo>
?i'en >ord i(1 hallo>
enter socket no:127.0.0,21
system no :192.168.10.20 is connected
Viva voce questions:
148) What is the use of procedure overriding
149) What are enumerators? and what are in-line functions? giv ans with eg.
150) Is it possible to change the address of an array?
151) What is the race condition?
152) What are the advantages of Object Oriented Modeling?
153) What is the memory allocation for pointer?
OO"L 6+ $AVA LA%
Department of Information and Communication Technology
REFERENCES:
BOOKS:
1. Thinking in 1ava - %ruce Ec=el
2. Beginning 1ava 2- I',or horton
3. 1ust 1ava 1.2- "eter 'an der linder
WEBSITES:
1. www.java.com
2. www.java.sun.com
3. www.freewarejava.com
4. www.javalobby.org
OO"L 65 $AVA LA%