UNIVERSITY GOCE DELCEV,,

FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY
STIP
SEMINAR PAPER FOR THE SUBJECT
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
ON THEME: PASSIVE AND CAUSATIVE USE OF "HAVE"
Mentor: Student:
m-r. Snezana Kirova Marija Stankovik

CONTENTS:
1.Passive.3
2.Causative "have"..5
3.Used literature 7
2
Passive
Functions and examples:
e !se "#e $assive %#e& %#' '( %#a" )a!ses "#e a)"i'& is &'"
i*$'("a&" '( is &'" +&'%&, '( %#e& %e %a&" "' ,')!s '& "#e a)"i'&-
-The rubbish is "a+e& '!" every day.
(We don't know who takes the rubbish out, or maybe it's not important)
-The Great Wall of China %as .!i/" thousands of years ao.
(!t's not important e"a#tly who built it, we want to fo#us on the a#tion of
buildin)
-The money #as .ee& s"'/e&-
(We don't know who stole it, and we want to emphasise the a#tion of stealin)
-$y windows a(e )/ea&e0 on#e a month.
(!t's not important who #leans them. The a#tion of #leanin is more important)
mportant points:
I, "#e(e a(e "%' '.1e)"s i& "#e a)"ive se&"e&)e, "%' $assive se&"e&)es
a(e $'ssi./e-
%#tive& They ave me '( dollars to do it.
)assive& ! %as 2ive& '( dollars to do it * '( dollars %as 2ive& to me to do it.
Ge" is ',"e& !se0 i&s"ea0 ', .e i& i&,'(*a/ s$'+e& E&2/is#-
! 2'" ',,e(e0 the promotion.
The table 2'" 0a*a2e0 in the fire.
! 2'" as+e0 to present the award.
T#e s!.1e)" ', "#e a)"ive ve(. 3s'*e"i*es )a//e0 "#e a2e&"4 is &'"
!s!a//5 e6$(esse0 i& $assive se&"e&)es, .e)a!se i" is !&+&'%& '(
!&i*$'("a&"- H'%eve(, i, i" is !se0, i" is !s!a//5 $(e)e0e0 %i"# 7.57-
The paintin %as 0'&e .5 )i#asso.
#e& %e "a/+ a.'!" a "''/ !se0 .5 a& a2e&", i" )a& .e $(e)e0e0 .5
7%i"#7-
The paintin %as 0'&e %i"# oils on #anvas
3
.F!"#:
"' .e 8 $as" $a("i)i$/e
P(ese&" si*$/e
%#tive& $y mother washes my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes are washed by my mother.
P(ese&" )'&"i&!'!s
%#tive& $y mother is washin my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes are bein washed by my mother.
P(ese&" $e(,e)"
%#tive& $y mother has washed my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes have been washed by my mother.
Pas" si*$/e
%#tive& $y mother washed my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes were washed by my mother.
Pas" )'&"i&!'!s
%#tive& $y mother was washin my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes were bein washed by my mother.
Pas" $e(,e)"
%#tive& $y mother had washed my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes had been washed by my mother.
F!"!(e 7%i//7
%#tive& $y mother will wash my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes will be washed by my mother.
F!"!(e 72'i&2 "'7
%#tive& $y mother is oin to wash my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes are oin to be washed by my mother.
F!"!(e )'&"i&!'!s
%#tive& $y mother will be washin my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes will be bein washed by my mother.
F!"!(e $e(,e)"
%#tive& $y mother will have washed my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes will have been washed by my mother.
M'0a/ ve(.s
%#tive& $y mother miht wash my #lothes
)assive& $y #lothes miht be washed by my mother.
4

Ca!sa"ive ', "Have+
Form:
Have 8 '.1e)" 8 $as" $a("i)i$/e 99 "' #ave s'*e"#i&2 0'&e
Have 8 '.1e)" 8 .a(e i&,i&i"ive 99 "' #ave s'*e'&e 0' s'*e"#i&2
Functions and examples:
e !se )a!sa"ive #ave %#e& a((a&2i&2 ,'( s'*e'&e "' 0' s'*e"#i&2 ,'(
!s:
$xamples:
-They repaired their #ar. (they did it themselves)
-They had their #ar repaired. (they arraned for someone to repair it)
-! #ut my hair yesterday. (! #ut it myself)
-! had my hair #ut yesterday. (! went to the hairdresser)
e a/s' !se )a!sa"ive #ave %#e& s'*e'&e 0'es s'*e"#i&2 "' !s:
-,ill had his money stolen by a thief.
mportant points:
Ge" is $'ssi./e i&s"ea0 ', #ave, !s!a//5 i& i&,'(*a/ s$'+e& E&2/is#-
-!'m oin to et my #ar fi"ed tomorrow.
5
e )a& a/s' !se #ave s'*e'&e 0' s'*e"#i&2 "' "a/+ a.'!" 2ivi&2
i&s"(!)"i'&s '( '(0e(s %#i)# is *'(e )'**'& i& A*e(i)a& E&2/is#- -!
had my assistant type the report.
-!'ll have my lawyer look into it.
6
-sed literature&
../nlish students book.
7