U, NIVITI

TE. KOCH
P ETRO.. NAS
COURSE
1t; ciii1
iiiiisii

2053
-
MECHANICAL ENGiNEERlNG
THERMODYNAMICS il
DATE

NOVEMBER 2010 (TUESDAY)
TiME
*


1200 NOON (3 hours)
ISTRUCT TO ANATES

Answer ALL
questions
from the Question Booklet.
2. Begin EACH
answer on new page
in the Answer Booklet,
3gndicate
clearly answers
that
are cancelled,
if
any.
. Where
a clearly steps
taken in
arrivng at
the
solutions and
indicate ALL
assumptions.
Do
not open
this Question Booklet
until
instructed.

:L
There
are
SIX (6)
pages
wn this tbn Book'et incuding the
cover page.
i. Formulae Booket
wII
be
provided.
Ur+Live.
l.

s
it i r&rJFo1og
.L
PETRO.
kWAIF. rM
MBB 2053
An
air-standard
Cs&
cycle
has
a
total
volume of
6 Uters
with a
dspIaceme,
nt
vourne of
5.6 Iiters. Ar is
at a
temperature
of
300 K
and a pressure of
95 kPa
at
the beginning
of
the
sentro, pc compression processw
The
cyc'e
has
a
cutoff ratio of
24. Consider the
variation of
the
spcffic
heats
with
temperature. Use 1?
=
0287 kJ/kg
W
K.
a
Sketch the P__Vdiagram
and
label the
processes.
b. Estimate the
mass of air
in the
cylinder.
[3
marks
[2
marks]
C.
Calculate the temperatures
at
the beginning
arid
the
end of
the heat
addition process.
[5
marks]
Determine the
amount of
heat transferred to the
working
flthd.
e.
Calculate the
specific amount of
heat
rejected
from the
cycle.
Find the thermal
of
the
yde.
9.
What
would
the
mean effective pressure
be for the
cycle?
[4
marks]
[2
marks]
[2
marks]
[2
marks]
2
MAB 2053
2.
a.
An ideal Brayton
cycle
has
a pressure ra of
I0
with
the
minimum
and
temperatures in the
cycle of
285 K
and
1240 K
respectively.
The isentropic
efficiency of
the
compressor
is 83%
while
of
the turbine is . Consider
cor
heats
at room
temperature for the
processes.
.
Sketch the T-s diagram
Of
the
cycle and
label the
processes.
[3
rnarks
iL Find the
actual
temperatures
at
the
of
the
compressor and
the turbine.
[8
marks)
ii Determine the
specific net work output of
the
cycle.
[3
marks]
iv. the thermal
efficiency of
the
cycle.
[2
marks]
b. if the
xsentropic efficiency of
the
compressor s
increased to 90%,
what.
effect wou!
d this have
on
the back
work ratio.
Justify
your answer
by
caIcuIatng
the difference in the back
work ratios.
[4
marks]
MAB 2053
3. A
steam power plant operates on an
ideal
reheat
Rankine
cycle and
has
a net
power output of
. The
steam enters
the high-pressure turbine
at

and

and
the bw-pressure turbine
at
I
WO
MPa
and
300C. The
steam
eaves the
condenser as saturated
liquid
at a pressure of
80 kPa.
a
Show the
yd on a
T-s diagram
and
labe'
aU
the
processes.
b. Determine the
specific work consumed
by the
pump.
C.
Calculate the total
specific
heat
added
in the
cyc'ew
d. Hnd the heat
removed
by the
condenser.
e.
Determine the
s
flow
rate of
the
stearn,.
.
the thermal
efficiency of
the
cyc1e.
[3
marks]
[3
marks]
(8
marks]
[2
marks]
[2
marks]
j2
marks]
4
MAB 2053
4. Refrigerant-I 34a
enters
the
compressor of a refrigerator at
I 00 kPa
and
OC
at a rate of
O5
rn/min and
leaves
at
O. 8 MPa The isentropic
efficiency of
the
compressor
is 78 %. The
refrigerant enters
the throttling
valve at
0.75 MPa
and
26C
and
leaves the
evaporator as saturated vapor at
-26C.
a
Sketch the Ts diagram
of
the
cycle.
[6
marks]


b. Determine:
L The
rate of
heat
removal
from the
refrigerated space.
[4
marks]
i* The
compressor work and
the
refrgerator
COPM
[6
marks]
iL
The
rate of
heat
gain an
the line between the
evaporator and
the
compressor.
[4
marks]
MAB 2053
. r
t
'
rltl
lrnlt
n
I t at . If
nl
+tlr
r
tk
l',
t
Ir ili
.
ul
tlg
n r
ntKnln, ytn nltln f t
i
n
t In

tt t
Ir III
t n
irl
Itln
r
In t flrt
t
frn
t w
n t rll n
tl
Ir
tr i' t ''
n
t
rltl'Irnilt
t '".
a
t the
process
to be
used
in the
second stage, and
draw the
schematic
diagram
of
the
system.
[6
marks]
b. Determine.
1. The
specific and relative
humidity
of
the
air after
the first
stage.
[4
marks]


The
of


in the first
stage.
[4
marksl
iii.
The change
of
heat
and water content,
f
any,
in the
second
stage.
[6
marks]
ENDOFPAPER