MUSC 2610

Midterm Study Guide

Fall 2013, Dr. Greene
The midterm exam (10/9/13) will cover the followin term! and conce"t!.
SOUND PRINCIPLES
#ro"aation of !o$nd in air%com"re!!ion and refraction of air molec$le! &ein "$!hed in a wave
form
'onver!ion of !o$nd into ne$ral im"$l!e!% in the cochlea and the &a!ilar mem&rane
(o$nd wave term!)
- '*cle%one f$ll com"re!!ion in refraction
- #eriod% the amo$nt of time it ta+e! to com"lete one c*cle
- Fre,$enc*% n$m&er of c*cle! "er !econd! in -.
- /m"lit$de% The maxim$m mediation of !o$nd
- #ha!e% The "oint alon the waveform at an* iven moment
Thre!hold of a$di&ilit*/"ain% the lowe!t !o$nd we can hear (0d0) the lo$de!t !o$nd we can hear
i! (120d0)
Fre,$enc* rane of h$man hearin% 20-. to 20,000-t.
#itch "erce"tion%how the ear hear! a fre,$enc*
1o$dne!!) the deci&el%com"arin how inten!e the !o$nd act$all* i!.
2,$al 1o$dne!! (Fletcher%3$n!on) c$rve% / c$rve that !how! where o$r "erce"tion of lo$dne!!
i!
/m"lit$de envelo"e% /D(4 (attac+, Deca*, ($!tain, 4elea!e)
(o$nd "rod$ction &*)
- (trin!%The vi&ration of the !"rin after &ein "l$c+ed move! the air molec$le to ma+e a
!o$nd
- 4eed!% vi&rate! aain!t the mo$th "iece and allow! air to flow and !to" with each
vi&ration to ma+e a !o$nd
- Fl$te% air i! &lown acro!! the &low hole and the air oe! in and o$t of the col$mn
- 0ra!!% vi&ration of the li"! "rod$ce! the !o$nd wave
FREQUENCY SPECIFICS
("ectr$m%the fre,$enc* of a !o$nd
F$ndamental%the lowe!t fre,$enc* that define! "itch
#artial! (harmonic and inharmonic) harmonic i! inteer m$lti"le! of the f$ndamental! and
inharmonic i! non%inteer m$lti"le!
5oi!e%random ener* acro!! the fre,$enc* !"ectr$m6 non "eriodic wave form
Tim&re%The tone ,$alit* and color of a !o$nd
STUDIO BSICS
0alanced and $n&alanced ca&le!%0alanced ca&le! "ic+! $" le!! o$t!ide interference and
$n&alanced doe! not
3ic level v!. line level% 3ic level i! a lower level from the mic6 line level i! $!e to &oo!t the mic
level $!in a "ream"
Tran!d$cer%T$rn! one form of ener* to another
D*namic micro"hone%3anate in the coil and not ver* !en!itive to !o$nd
'onden!er micro"hone%two "late !*!tem and i! ver* !en!itive to !o$nd
3icro"hone directionalit*% cardioid !ha"ed li+e a heart6 omnidirectional "ic+! $" !o$nd all
aro$nd6 &idirectional "ic+! $" !o$nd from two different end!
DIGITL UDIO
/nalo v!. Diital% /nalo i! contin$o$! !o$nd and diital i! a !erie! of n$m&er! in !o$nd
/D'/D/'% a$dio to diital converter6 diital to analo converter
(am"le% mea!$re! the am"lit$de of !o$nd iven at an in!tant
(am"lin rate% the n$m&er of !am"le! "er !econd
0it de"th%tell $! the re!ol$tion of am"lit$de in a !am"le
'D !tandard (!am"lin rate and &it de"th)%77.1+. i! !am"lin rate and 18%&it i! the &it de"th
Trace the "ath of a$dio (in word! and/or a drawin) from micro"hone to com"$ter, and &ac+ o$t
to !"ea+er!. /t each !tae, indicate whether the !inal i! analo or diital.
(o$nd vi&ration!%electrical ener*%/D'%diital%c"$%diital%D/' converter%electrical ener*%
!o$nd analo wave