2 marks (Questions & Answers)

1.

Define Drive and Electric Drive.

Drive: A combination of prime mover, transmission equipment and
mechanical working load is called a drive
Electric drive: An Electric Drive can be defined as an
electromechanical device for converting electrical energy to
mechanical energy to impart motion to different machines and
mechanisms for various kinds of process control.

2.

List out some examples of prime movers.

I.C Engines, Steam engine, Turbine or electric motors.

3. List out some advantages of electric drives.

i.
ii.
iii.

Availability of electric drives over a wide range of power a few

watts to mega watts.
Ability to provide a wide range of torques over wide range of
speeds.
Electric motors are available in a variety of design in order to
make them compatible to any type of load.

4. Give some examples of Electric Drives.

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

Driving fans, ventilators, compressors and pumps.

Lifting goods by hoists and cranes.
Imparting motion to conveyors in factories, mines and
warehouses
Running excavators & escalators, electric locomotives trains,
cars trolley buses, lifts & drum winders etc.

5. What are the Typical elements of an Electric Drive?

Power Supply
Speed & Torque
Control

Motor

Geared
Coupling

Mechanical Laod

6. What are the types Drive systems?

Electric Drives
Electromechanical Drives

Mechanical Drives
Hydraulic drives.

7. What are the factors that influence the choice of electrical

drives?
1. Shaft power & speed
11. Speed range
2. Power range
12. Efficiency
3. Starting torque
13.
Influence on the supply
network

4. Maintenance
5. Total purchase cost
6. Influence on power supply
7. Availability
8. Nature of electric supply
9. Types of drive
10.Service cost

14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Special competence
Cost of energy losses
Environment
Accessibility
Nature of load
Electrical Characteristics
Service capacity & rating

.
8.

What is meant by load equalization?

In the method of load Equalization intentionally the motor inertia
is increased by adding a flywheel on the motor shaft, if the motor is not
to be reversed. For effectiveness of the flywheel, the motor should have a
prominent drooping characteristic so that on load there is a considerable
speed drop.
9.List the different types of electrical drives.
1)dc drives
2)ac drives

10.Mention the parts of electrical drives.

1) Electrical motors and load.
2) Power modulator
3) Sources
4) Control unit
5) Sensing unit
11. What is meant by regenerative braking?
Regenerative braking occurs when the motor speed exceeds the
synchronous speed. In this case the IM runs as the induction m\c is
converting the mechanical power into electrical power which is
delivered back to the electrical system. This method of braking is
known as regenerative braking.

12. What is meant by dynamic braking?

Dynamic braking of electric motors occurs when the energy stored in the
rotating mass is dissipated in an electrical resistance. This requires a
motor to operate as a gen. to convert the stored energy into electrical.
13. What is meant by plugging?
It is one method of braking of IM. When phase sequence of supply of the
motor running at the speed is reversed by interchanging connections of
any two phases of stator with respect to supply terminals, operation
shifts from motoring to plugging region.

14.What are the methods of operation of electric drives?

Steady state
acceleration including starting
deceleration including starting
15. Define four quadrant operation.
The motor operates in two mode: motoring and braking. In
motoring, it converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
which supports its motion. In braking, it works as a generator,
converting mathematical energy into electrical energy and thus
opposes the motion. Motor can provide motoring and braking
operations for both forward and reverse directions.

16. What is meant by mechanical characteristics?

The curve is drawn between speed and torque. This characteristic is
called mechanical characteristics.

Write down the equation governing motor load dynamics.

Te TL J

d
d
or Te TL J
dt
dt

COMPONENTS OF LOAD TORQUE

Friction
Windage
Torque required to do the mechanical work
Types of load torques
Passive torque
Active torque
Passive torque
oppose the motion.
Ex.. Friction torque
Active torque
Load torque is constant
Retain its sign always.
Ex.. Force of gravity