Assignment

2014

Scope of Work:
The Project is to construct a housing colony for an industrial group to be located in Western
Maharashtra in a coastal Belt. The main aspect is to studied in the course of projects are
organization structure their responsibility and communication flow.
Considering the fact that all supervisory staff recruits from local area. So that no accommodation
is required for them. The staff can be adjusting as per their work load. Travelling facilities will
provide for them on demand.

Apart from these all the material procurement will have been done from local suppliers. So that
the availability of material can be made on demand and there will be an assurance of sure supply
of material with Quality.
The colony may be divided into three block tabulated as

BLOCK

CARPET AREA

TYPE OF

NOS.

REMARK

Senior

10

Consist of 3BHK

(Sqm)

8000

Executives

verandah with
pool

2000

Principles and Practices Of Management

For white Collar

20

Ordinary houses

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2014

workers

2800

Blue Collared

300

Ordinary houses

workers

Apart from this it is also purposed to make an entertainment complex and market.

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Key Function:
Planning & scheduling: Planning is the first step in the management process. It is mercenary to
plan the thing prior to enforce on the ground. For that one should be clear about the idea of the
task or activity.
Scheduling is to categories the steps in sequence including contains and dummy activity in mind.
Its fitting of the final work plan in to a time scale. It shows the duration and order of various construction activities
Organizing: is the second management process. The organizing process brings together the basic
resources of the company in an order to mineralize the process and resources in an acceptable
way. It possesses duties, relationship, structure, authority, hierarchy and delegation in the
company.
Staffing: Organizing involves division of project work into section and staffing is the provision of people to fill
the position so created.
Directing: The directing function is concerned with the training to the subordinate to carryout assigned task,
supervising their work and guiding their efforts. The essence of directing lies in the ability to motivate people
individually and as groups.
Controlling: The Controlling is necessary for ensuring effective and efficient working. It involves constant
review of the work plan to check on actual achievement and to discover and to rectify deviations through
appropriate corrective measures.

Coordinating: Since authority coverage to the top of the organizational pyramid, it is necessary to
bring together and coordinate the work of various department and sections. This requires an efficient system of
communication so that each department and section is aware of its role and assistance to be expected from others.
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Plannign and scheduling

Staffing

Directing And Controlling

Coordinating

Management Chart
Breakdown in Management
The above chart is the outline for the breakdown for the management in the organization. The
top most position in any project is the Project manager the order are executed by the junior
engineers followed by their Senior Engineers who is guided by the Construction Manager. The
functions of the personnel are discussed briefly below.
Top Management

Project Manager

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2014

Construction Manager

Senior Engineer

Junior Engineer

Site Superintendents

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Project Manager

Project Manager is the leader of the Team.

To liaising with local Authority as well as with Client.

Will have clear idea about all the tasks and activities that takes place in the project.

Should be influencing and inspiring the team to follow in the achievement of a common
goal

Should be able to identify the delay if it occurs and have an ability to rectify it.

He is answerable to the top Management of the Company and to the Client.

Is a mediator to Coordinate the site work And head office.

Should have Keen Watch on Site Activities , Over heads & Project performance

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To Employ work force, hire Machinery, engage side construction and material supplier
with or without reference to Head Office depending on the size of the project, policy of
the firm.

To check the progress of work regularly in orders to avoid delay in construction work

To call periodical joint meetings of with the team mates, key personals and with the client
working at the site to review the work and for the betterment and improvement of the site
if required.

To organize, direct and control men working under in.

The Achievement of these Projects is accompanied with Skill, Effectiveness and Efficiency.

Work Productivity Standards

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Assignment

2014

The basic equation for determining the workers required for accomplishing a specific activity is
as
Workers Required =Work Quantity X Workers Productivity Standards / Completion
Period.
Where Workers Productivity Standards = Workers output norms X Production efficiency factor

Workers Productivity Standards is define as the effort in man days or man hours needed for
accomplishing a unit quantity of work. While working efficiently but allowing for normal delay
and wastage.
Work quantity of the activity involved is expressed in standard work unit.
Completion period is taken as working days or hours planned or earmarked to accomplish the
task.
Workers production norms are expressed is man-days or man hours. Category wise require for
accomplishing the unit work.
Production efficiency factor is the multiplier used to convert production norms into productivity
standards expected under job condition at the site.

Performance in use (Quality)

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Value of money (cost)

2014

Identification of business &

To operate as planned (times)

In this basic equation for determining manpower, the quantity of work to be performed can be
accurately estimated from the construction drawings and specifications. If the work is to be
completed within the stipulated period, the variable in assessment of workers' requirement is the
productivity standard.

Planning Manager

The function of a project control manager is to regularize the work flow in the project.
He forms a planning department under which all the essentials of the project are been
maintained and recorded.
The project control manager being the head of the planning department has to keep up the
above mentioned functions. He is assisted by Planning Engineers.

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Document Controller:
Maintains all the records of the project

Quantity And Cost Analyst:

Analysis the day to day changes in field of construction financially and run the project
economically.

Design Consultant:

As far as concern about the project of residential Building the design consultant prepares
for all the essentials drawings with working methodology for the same as per the
specifications and requirements.
He design every structural member and make require changes if any.

QC Engineer

This person is responsible for all the work as far as quality concern.
He takes care in examining the quality of the all the products from reinforcement,
concrete to a completed building.

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Safety Inspector:

Since residential project required more safety due to anxious working. This Person is
overall Incharge of safety aspects over the project
He assures the safe working condition prevails in the site to all the people working in the
site. Thus he assures that the risk factors in the site are minimized and a safe working
environment is provided.

CONSTRUCTION MANAGER

He is the head of the execution department.

The main function is to implement the execution order as planning department plan.
Also synchronies the tasks and activities proceed on site/ execution part.
He has a team consisting of engineers ad his sub ordinates for various works in the field.

This is the most important post in the project should be have good visionary attitude as
well as trustworthy to the project head. Since he is the one who has to implement the
planning on ground.

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Project Manger

Construction
Manager

QC Manager

Planning Manager

Senior Engineer

QC Engineer

Planning
Engineer

Junior Engineer

Safety Officer

Scheduler

Accounts
Manager

Accountant

Document
Controller

Site Supretindent

Outline Diagram
Apart from this outline diagram of the functional representation of the project the following are
the require qualification criteria in tabular for
S. no.

Designation

Required nos

Qualification and Remark

Experience

Bachelors in civil The one who has

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Project manager

Assignment

2014
engineering

and to answerable to

post graduate in the

top

construction

management

for

management/

overall project.

project
management from
recognize institute
with minimum 15
years

of

experience
preferred
experience in same
domain
2

Construction

Manager

Bachelors in civil He
engineering

is

and project

post graduate in for

to

assit

manager

the

overall

construction

project as well as

management/

incharge for the

project

execution part of

management from the project.

recognize institute
with minimum 10
years

of

experience
2

Account Manager

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Bachelors

in Overall

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Commerce

from responsibility

for

recognize institute the financial aspect

and

have

clear of the project.

Carter Accountant
Examination
minimum 10 years
of experience
3

QC Manager

Bachelors in civil Should

engineering

be

from responsible for the

recognize institute quality

and

with minimum 10 material.

years

of

experience in same
domain
4

Engineers

Bachelors in civil For site work

( fluctuant during engineering

work)

from

recognize institute
with minimum 2-4
years

of

experience
5

Site

10

Superintendents

( fluctuant during years

work)

Principles and Practices Of Management

minimum

4-6 For site work

of

experience

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Input/ Communication Requirement & flow:

This section can be categorized into four sections namely
1. Planning And Infrastructure department.
2. Finance department
3. Execution department
4. Quality department.
Planning and Infrastructure Department: department should work on plans and be ensure about
all the planning they have done. Infra team should be responsible for all the utility work like
Electricity and water. Apart from this they all should be in coordination with others.
Finance: this department will work around the year to ensure that the work will not effect by the
money. They also keep evaluating the cash flow throughout the year.
Execution: the primary thing is that the execution is the critical task to succeed project. They
should be smart enough to understand the drawings and plans to implement that on ground
efficiently and if required any changes make them technically correct.
Quality Department: it would be tedious for team to maintain the quality standards as well as
coordination with others simultaneously. The team should have a manager level person for the
better communication and directions.

Authority to carry out functions

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On the context of Project the Project Manager is the one who coordinate the workers compel
their view and ideas excel the project in correct manner. He is the one who should coordinate at
different level and manage things more correct, realistic and feasible.
As the company top management i.e. Managing Director is the Prime authority but he will not
suppose to coordinate and direct instruction at different levels so they appoint technical and
financial mangers to manage the thing on his behalf this is called function Authority. Motivation
is very necessary in modern management techniques. The job of managerial person is to
motivate the workers to enhance the efficiency and skills. This can be achieved by social,
psychological and financial satisfaction of the workers.
Functional authority is the common thing in organization. It is the power which an individual or
department may have delegated to it for specific processes, practices, policies and related
matters. A Managing Director may have the complete authority to manage the company subject
to the superintendence and control of board of Directors. But he is not expert in every function in
the company and has officer responsible for technical, production, finance, personnel matters etc.
Theoretically all these officers must give advice to managing Director and the latter alone will
issue instructions. However, Managing Director delegates authority to these officers to issue
instruction directly to the line organization. This is called functional authority. Since functional
authority is an act of delegation, it may create confusion. A project manager reports to the
managing Director. He may receive instruction from Finance Manager who is of equal status.
Functional Manager generally lay down the rules, procedures, forms, norms, time schedule etc.
in regard to the discharge of work. Line Managers function within the framework.

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For example: The finance Manager of a company will lay down the rule, procedures and
methods of accounting, cash handling, spending, collections etc. He will also establish
norms/rates etc. which should be adopted for profitable work. Line Managers will function
accordingly and could make a reference if a deviation is needed. A small company may not have
a Finance Manager; it may hire a firm of auditors/ chartered accountants to render this advice.
There is no one way to manage things. Each organization has to find a method best suited to it.
However, no organization should go against the principle of Unity of Command and no
organization should do anything to weaken the authority of life Managers. On the human level,
controls often comes down to telling people what to do and criticizing them or applying other
pressures if they do no what they are told. This aspect of controlling performance is inescapable.
It can pose a problem because many people do not like to be controlled or to be corrected for offstandard performance. To a certain extent, the difficulty must be simply endured. Part of
the unique responsibility of the managerial job is to exert this control over subordinate and

to accept and deal with any negative effects as expressed in anger, resentment, complaints or
temporarily lowered morale. A supervisor who cannot at least partly offset the human problems
of control will be at a distinct disadvantage because performance standards as far more
successful when they are willingly accepted by the people who must strive to meet them. The
main objective of any management, i.e. to achieve a time cost balance relationship by proper
planning and scheduling the project has already been explained in previous clauses. Man power
and equipment have been assumed to be available as and when they are needed, which is off
course not usual. The basic planning problem is therefore, how to decide between alternative
ways of using resources such that the best profits are obtained. These decision are perhaps more
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difficult that the management has to face. The resource analysis report allows a manager to
best use all means at his disposal. It is a technique to level out the peaks and the valleys that
prevail in the managers industry. In planning resource requirements, therefore, the following key
questions have to be answered. What are the total requirements of resource for a project over its
duration? If resource available are insufficient than what is the minimum duration by which the
completion period of the project can be delayed? What is the best utilization of the available
resources to carry out the project in a fixed time? There are two basic problems involved in
resource scheduling. Project duration being fixed, to level or to smoothen the resource demand
avoiding peaks and valleys as far as possible. It is called resource aggregation, i.e. unlimited
resources are available for disposal. With fixed availability of resources, to minimize the project
duration, i.e. Resource allocation. It occurs when there is scarcity of resources.

The above discussion is precisely shown in the flow chart below,

Client

Consultant

Constructor

Sub constructor

Supplier

Information flow

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2014
Design

and Management

Fabrication

Part Production

Capacity

Material

Management

Use

Site Construction

Production

Resource flow

Thus it is very clear from the flow chart that in the field of construction there is no unidirectional
flow of orders or communication it is a must that a for an efficient project there is a must that all
should be knowing the happening surround them so as that the problems can be discussed and
hurdles are overcome. So as a result the client is pleased and at the same time the work progress
is also maintained at the same ratio. As a result for the company time efficiency is gained which
at the days end earns a lot of profit and fame for the concern

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Recommendations
There should not have any chain hindrance and cash flow issue that influence the project process
as well as organization reputation. Some of the point would be suggest to ignore this

Early involvement of the key person of the project for better results

All the team member would be expert in their respective field so that appreciation level
of Client satisfaction and value can be define.

Emphasize on pre-cast construction activities on site so that excel the quality with
minimize the cost factor.

Evaluate the project not only on money factor but quality and commitment also.

A regular awareness programme should be conduct for staff and workers for upgrading
their social, psychological and financial status.

All the workers and staff must be aware enough for the safety. So that any misshaping
will not happen because this will ultimately set back the project performance.

Developing and monitoring continues improvement programme.

Developing and monitoring sound risk management programme.

Dealing with risk and rewards equitably by using modern commercial arrangement such
as collaboration contract forms, target, cost and open book accounting.

There should be contract to suppliers on the basis of quality of the material not on the
cash factor.

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Readings
NICMAR text book
Financialstudy.com
Managementstudy.com
Google

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