Achievement Tests - These tests are designed to assess how much you know at a specific point in

time about a certain topic. Achievement tests are not used to determine what you are capable
of; they are designed to evaluate what you know and your level of skill at the given moment.

Aptitude Tests - An aptitude test is designed to assess what a person is capable of doing; to
predict what a person is able to learn or do given the right education and instruction. It
represents a person's level of competency to perform a certain type of task.

Autism - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex
disorders of brain development. These disorders are characterized, in varying degrees, by difficulties
in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors.

Emotional Intelligence - Emotional intelligence describes the ability to understand one's own
feelings. It also provides great insight on how emotion influences motivation and behavior.

Downs Syndrome - also known as trisomy 21, is agenetic disorder caused by the presence of all
or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is typically associated with physical growth delays,
characteristic facial features, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. The average IQ of a young
adult with Down syndrome is 50, equivalent to the mental age of an 8- or 9-year-old child, but this
varies widely.

Savant Syndrome - is a condition in which a person with a mental disability, such as an autism
spectrum disorder, demonstrates profound and prodigious capacities or abilities far in excess of
what would be considered normal. The most dramatic examples of savant syndrome occur in
individuals who score very low on IQ tests, while demonstrating exceptional skills or brilliance in
specific areas, such as rapid calculation, art, memory, or musical ability.

Type A and B Personality - Type A behavior is expressed in three major symptoms: (1) free-floating
hostility, which can be triggered by even minor incidents; (2) time urgency and impatience, which
causes irritation and exasperation usually described as being "short-fused"; and (3)
a competitive drive, which causes stress and an achievement-driven mentality. The first of these
symptoms is believed to be covert and therefore less observable, while the other two are more overt
The theory describes "Type B" individuals as a contrast to those with Type A personalities. People
with Type B personality by definition generally live at a lower stress level and typically work steadily,
enjoying achievement but not becoming stressed when they do not achieve. They may be creative
and enjoy exploring ideas and concepts. They are often reflective.

Arousal and Performance - Arousal is a major aspect of many learning theories and is
closely related to other concepts such as anxiety, attention, agitation, stress, and
motivation.
The arousal level can be thought of as how much capacity you have available to work
with. One finding with respect to arousal is the Yerkes-Dodson law (named after the
researchers who discovered it) which predicts an inverted U-shaped function between
arousal and performance. A certain amount of arousal can be a motivator toward
change (with change in this discussion being learning). But too much or too little will
work against the learner. You want some mid-level point of arousal that provides the
motivation to change (learn). Too little arousal has an inert affect on the learner, while
too much has a hyper affect.

General Adaptation Syndrome -

General adaptation syndrome, or GAS, is a term used to describe the body's shortterm and long-termreactions to stress.
Stressors in humans include such physical stressors as starvation, being hit by a car, or
suffering throughsevere weather. Additionally, humans can suffer such emotional or me
ntal stressors as the loss of a loved one,the inability to solve a problem, or even having
a difficult day at work.
Defense Mechanisms means by which the host repels invading organisms; externally, these include the barrier provid
ed by theskin and epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary and respiratory tracts, tog
ether with theirsecretions and normal microflora, and internally, phagocytic cells, humoral and c
ellular immunity.
Maslows Heirarchy of Needs (in psychology) a hierarchic categorization of the basic needs of humans. Themost basic needs on the sc
ale are the physiologic or biologic needs, such asthe need for air, food, or water. Of second priority are th
e safety needs,including protection and freedom from fear and anxiety. The subsequent order ofneeds in t
he hierarchic progression are the need to belong, to love, and to beloved; the need for selfesteem; and ultimately the need for selfactualization.To progress from one need to another, the more basic need must first besatisfied.

Two factor Theory of Emotion The theory

states that emotion is a function of bothcognitive factors and physiological arousal. According to the theor
y, "people search the immediate environment foremotionally relevant cues to label and interpret unexplain
ed physiological arousal."

Sexual Orientation Research - Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern

of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender,
the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. These attractions are generally
subsumed under heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality,[1][2] while asexuality (the lack of
sexual attraction to others) is sometimes identified as the fourth category.

How does exercise affect despression - Research on anxiety, depression and exercise

shows that the psychological and physical benefits of exercise can also help reduce
anxiety and improve mood.
The links between anxiety, depression and exercise aren't entirely clear but working
out and other forms of physical activity can definitely ease symptoms of anxiety or
depression and make you feel better. Exercise may also help keep anxiety and
depression from coming back once you're feeling better.

Motivation - Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goaloriented behaviors. Motivation is what causes us to act. It involves the biological, emotional,
social, and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term motivation is
frequently used to describe why a person does something.

Rorschach Inkblot - The Rorschach inkblot test is a type of projective psychological test created
in 1921 by Hermann Rorschach. Used to analyze personality and emotional functioning, it is the
second most commonly used forensic test after theMMPI. A 1995 survey 412 clinical
psychologists in the American Psychological Association revealed that 82% used the Rorschach
inkblot test at least occasionally.

Projective Tests - In psychology, a projective test is a type of personality test in which the
individual offers responses to ambiguous scenes, words or images. This type of test emerged
from the psychoanalytic school of thought, which suggested that people have unconscious
thoughts or urges. These projective tests were intended to uncover such unconscious desires
that are hidden from conscious awareness.

Factor Analysis - Factor analysis is a statistical technique used for replacing a large number of
variables with a smaller number of factors that reflect what sets of variables have in common
with one another. It is commonly used in an exploratory way to identify what underlies a set of
otherwise loosely related variables.

Rogers - Carl Rogers is best-known for his nondirective approach to treatment known

as client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, is a non-directive form

of talk therapy. Today, it is one of the most widely used approaches in psychotherapy.

Empathy - he ability to understand another persons circumstances, point of view,

thoughts, and feelings. When experiencing empathy, you are able to understand
someone elses internal experiences.
Some psychiatric disorders, including autism, antisocial personality disorder, and
narcissistic personality disorder, have been associated with a lack of ability to
empathize (or experience empathy).
Acceptance - he need to belong is an intrinsic motivation to affiliate with others and be
socially accepted. This need plays a role in a number of social phenomena such as selfpresentation and social comparison.
Our need to belong is what drives us to seek out stable, long lasting relationships with
other people. It also motivates us to participate in social activities such as clubs, sports
teams, religious groups, and community organizations. By belonging to a group, we feel
as if we are a part of something bigger and more important than ourselves.