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A New Approach To Generate Fuzzy System
A New Approach To Generate Fuzzy System
Introduction
Fuzzy logic is an approach to reasoning where the rules of inference are approximate
rather than exact. It's useful for manipulating information that is incomplete, imprecise,
or unreliable. Fuzzy systems, which employ fuzzy logic in their control strategy or
operation, have been widely used in production and research, e.g. in control process of
steel producing, positioning of subway trains in terminals, and robot motion control.
Fuzzy logic inference makes it possible for machines to measure and calculate as humans
do based on experience and estimation. Fuzzy rules may be easier to derive and faster to
use than explicit formulae.
Recent research and practice indicate that fuzzy logic is quite successful in solving
problems to which traditional methods are powerless. However, how to construct a fuzzy
system remains a problem. In traditional methods, the amount of work needed to extract
and adjust the membership functions and rules of a fuzzy system expands exponentially
with an increase in the number of input variables. The scale of the neural network used to
derive the fuzzy rules becomes too large to be utilized. Its local minimums will also
dramatically increase due to its employing of Back Propagation (BP) algorithm as
method of parameter adjustment. The algorithm is prone to converge to some local
minimums, therefore, the resulting parameters in the network is not optimized as desired.
Furthermore, there is not an integrated and proven mechanism to detect the convergence
to local minimums in BP algorithm. The quality of the result depends mostly on selection
initial values of the parameters in the network and step wise of BP algorithm, it also
probably subjects to the intrinsic property of the task that the fuzzy system fulfills or
performs.
We have developed a new method to derive the membership functions and reference
rules of a fuzzy system which is described in this paper, in which complicated Multiple
Input Single Output (MISO) system can be obtained from combination of several Single
Input Single Output (SIMO) systems with a special coupling method; and in which a
new network optimization algorithm-Float Coding Based Genetic Algorithm (FGA) is
employed.
The strategy of reducing a complicated problem into a combination of simple ones and
employing FGA, makes it feasible to generate MISO fuzzy systems. The decomposition
and coupling method reduces complexity of the network used to represent the fuzzy
system. Moreover, FGA can leap out from local minimums that defeats BP algorithm, is
not confined in the restricted searching space as ordinary GA algorithm, realizing
efficient paralleling search in different scales in the resulting space and producing desired
optimized parameters of fuzzy membership functions and interference rules.
Method
1. Fuzzy System Decomposing and Combining Theorem
In this paper, Fuzzy rules are expressed in the way proposed by E. Khal et. al. as IF x1
is L, x2 is M,, xn is S, Then output of y is A, in which x1 x2 ...xn are the input
variables, L, M and S are values of language variables of each input variable, for
instance, Large, Mediun, Small, etc.. A is a coefficient that denotes influence of a
rule to the output y. Relationships between input and output variables in a fuzzy system
can be expressed in following equation,
P
y p ( x1 , x 2 , , xn ) A p ( x1 , x2 , , x n )
p 1
(1)
P is the total number of rules, p ( x1 , x 2 ,..., x n ) is the membership function of the pth rule
in the input space ( x1 , x2 , x3 ,..., xn ) . Ap ( x1 , x2 ,..., xn ) is the contribution of the pth
rules to the output y.
i
j
relationship is y ai , j x1 x 2
Let
g i ( x1 ) x1i
0i I
h j ( x2 ) x2j
0 j J
f i , j ( x1 , x2 ) x1i x2j g i ( x1 )h j ( x 2 )
IF x1 is V1,i ,k
THEN output of g i ( x1 )
is A1,i ,k
g i ( x1 ) 1,k ( x1 ) A1,i ,k
k 1
g
1
A1,1,1
L
A1,1, 2
A1, 2 ,1
32
x
A1, 2 , 2
A1,1, 3
A1, 3,1
A1, 3, 2
A1, 2 , 3
A1, 3, 3
S
g
I
Fuzzy Subsystem h j ( x2 ) :
Language variables: V2, j ,l , 1 j L
Fuzzy Rules:
IF x2 is V2 , j ,l THEN output of h j ( x2 )
Membership functions: 2,l ( x2 )
is A2 , j ,l
h j ( x2 ) 2,l ( x2 )A2 , j ,l
l 1
k 1
l 1
k 1 l 1
I
J
I
J
K
L
y 1,k ( x1 ) 2 ,l ( x2 )
k 1 l 1
a
i 0 j 0
i, j
A1,i ,k A2, j ,l
(2)
Comparing equation (2) with equation (1), obviously, equation (2) is in the same shape as
equation (1). That means y can be derived from a similar fuzzy system. Thus, with I of
g i ( x1 ) fuzzy subsystems and J of h j ( x2 ) fuzzy subsystems, we can get corresponding