Question:!

Is your brain divided,!

with each half seeking!
to dominate the other?!

The Human Nervous System

Central nervous system: !

!Brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system:!

!nerves that branch
!out from the spinal
!cord to the rest of!
!the body!

Peripheral Nervous System

Somatic division:!
!controls sensory input to the !
!brain, and voluntary motor!
!activity

Autonomic division:!
!controls involuntary activity!
!related to internal organs!
!and glands!

Components of the
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic nervous system!
!mobilizes the bodys resources !
!to deal with emergencies or!
!strenuous activity

Parasympathetic nervous system!

!conserves and replenishes!
!energy to help the body recover!
!from strenuous activity!

Old Brain!
And!
New Brain!

Areas of the Old Brain

Reticular formation (reticular activating!
!system)!
!controls the arousal and attention!
!of the brain as a whole, including!
!regulating sleeping and waking

Cerebellum!
!regulates movement, balance,!
!and motor coordination!

Areas of the Old Brain

Thalamus!
!a relay station, sorting and!
!sending messages from elsewhere!
!in the nervous system to the!
!appropriate areas of the brain

Hypothalamus!
!regulates essential body functions,!
!including temperature, hunger,!
!thirst, sex, and also emergency!
!reactions to stress and emotion!

Areas of the Old Brain

Hippocampus!
!control storage of new memories!
Amygdala!
!controls arousal and regulation of!
!survival-related emotions!
Medulla!
!controls breathing, swallowing,!
!digestion, heartbeat, blood!
!pressure, and other essentials!

Areas of the Old Brain

Pons!
!contributes to sleeping, waking,!
!and dreaming

Areas of the New Brain

Cerebrum!
!large body of tissue surrounding !
!old brain, regulating sensory,!
!motor, and cognitive functions!
Cerebral cortex!
!thin layer of densely-packed nerve!
!cells covering the cerebrum, and!
!regulating higher mental functions!

Occipital lobe!
!visual information-processing

Temporal lobe!
!processes and integrates auditory!
!information from each ear; also!
!involved in memory and emotion!
Parietal lobe!
!processes and integrates various!
!kinds of sensory information!
!(somatosensory cortex)!

Frontal lobe!
!assumes major role in especially!
!human functions, including !
!creativity, emotion regulation,!
!language production, logical!
!thinking, and personality!
!(including planning future action,!
!monitoring personal behavior,!
!and strategic functioning)!
!(motor cortex)

Hemispheric Specialization
Corpus callosum!
!a thick band of nerve fibers !
!connecting each hemisphere,!
!and assists in the transmission!
!of messages between right and!
!left sides of the brain!
Hemispheric specialization!
!the specialized functions!
!assumed by right and left!
!hemispheres of the brain!

Two Hemispheres of the Brain

Left hemisphere . . .!
!greater relative dominance
in logical reasoning, symbolic
analysis, language processing,
and step-by-step sequential
reasoning!
Right hemisphere . . .!
!greater relative dominance
in emotion analysis, creativity,
intuition, and spatial reasoning!

Another Regulatory System

Endocrine system!
!the network of glands that !
!releases hormones into the!
!bloodstream to regulate the!
!bodys functioning

Hormones!
!natural chemicals that influence!
!organs throughout the body!

Important Glands of the Endocrine System

Adrenal gland!
!regulates the bodys overall!
!arousal and alertness, especially!
!in relation to stressful, unusual,!
!or threatening events

Pituitary gland!
!master gland of the endocrine!
!system that helps to activate!
!other glands and also regulates!
!growth!