CIRT, Bhopal

Turbo machinery (ME 502)

Tutorial/Assignment Sheet 1 (Energy transfer in turbo machines)
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Define turbo machines and classify them.

Deduce an expression for degree of reaction in an axial flow impulse turbine.
Discuss the principles of Impulse and Reaction stages with the help of neat diagram.
Apply first law to energy generating machines and deduce equation.
Under what conditions does the steady flow energy equation reduce to Eulers equation?
Discuss the application of First and second Laws of Thermodynamics to turbo machines.
Derive an expression for energy transfer in Turbo machines applicable for power
producing machines.
8. Derive the General Eulers equation for a turbo machines.
9. Deduce energy equation for relative velocities (one dimensional analysis only) for turbomachinery.
10. Write short notes on (i) Energy equation, ( ii) Moment of Momentum equation, (iii) Euler
turbine equation, (iv) Degree of Reaction.
11. Define the following for a turbo machines: (i) Stage efficiency, (ii) Overall Efficiency
12. Derive an equation for the degree of reaction in a radial flow machine.
13. Discuss the various components of energy transfer in Eulers turbine equation with the
help of velocity diagram.
14. Derive the alternate form of Euler equation and explain each component in that
equation.
15. The energy transfer as work per unit mass flow numerically equal to change in
stagnation enthalpy of the fluid between the turbo machine inlet and outlet. Discuss the
above in the light of laws of thermodynamics for turbo machines.
16. Differentiate between turbo machines and positive displacement machines.
17. A turbine operates under steady flow conditions, receiving steam at the following statepressure 1.2 MPa, temperature 1880C, enthalpy 2785 kJ/kg, velocity 33.3 m/sec and
elevation 3 m. The steam leaves the turbine at pressure 20 kPa, enthalpy 2512 kJ/kg,
velocity 100 m /sec and elevation 0 m. Heat is lost to surrounding at the rate of 0.29
kJ/s. If the rate of steam flow through the turbine is 0.42 kg/s, find the power output of
the turbine in kW.
18. In a gas turbine, the gas enters at the rate of 5 kg/s with a velocity of 50 m/sec and
enthalpy of 900 kJ/kg and leaves the turbine with a velocity of 150 m/s and enthalpy of
400 kJ/kg. The loss of heat from the gases to the surroundings is 25 kJ/kg. Assume for
gas R = 0.285 kJ/kg K and cp = 1.004kJ/kg K and inlet conditions to be at 100 kPa and
270C. Determine the power output of the turbine and the diameter of the inlet pipe.
19. Air flows through an air turbine where its stagnation pressure is decreased in the ratio
5:1. The total to total efficiency 0.8 and the air flow rate is 5 kg/s. If the total power output
is 500 kW, find: (i) Inlet total temperature, (ii) Actual exit total temperature, (iii) Actual exit
static temperature if the flow velocity is 100 m/sec, (iv) The total to static efficiency of the
device.
20. A centrifugal impeller has inner and outer diameters of 250 and 500 mm when rotated at
a speed of 550 rpm. The inlet and outlet absolute velocities of water are 1.77 and 12.4
m/s. The corresponding relative velocities are 7.42 and 2.75 m/s. Calculate the degree
of reaction of the impeller.