SWIFT INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY

HYDRAULIC PICK AND PLACE

ARM
Centre Name: Department of Mechanical Engineering
Course Name: BEng (Hons) in Mechanical Engineering

Name of the Student

: Rajat Thakur

Student Registration No

: 4927112

Module Leader at SIET

: Er. Jaspreet Singh

FULL TIME 2011 BATCH

SWIFT
Institute of Engineering & Technology
NH-1 (GT Road, Ambala-Rajpura Road), Village Ghaggar Sarai, Tehsil Rajpura,
Near Chandigarh, Phone: 01762-653643, Fax: 0172-2652242, Website: www.sfresedu.com

INTRODUCTION TO FLUID POWER

Fluid power is a term which was created to include the generation, control, and
application of smooth, effective power of pumped or compressed fluids (either liquids or
gases) when this power isused to provide force and motion to mechanisms. This force
and motion maybe in the form of pushing,pulling, rotating, regulating, or driving. Fluid
power includes hydraulics, which involves liquids, andpneumatics, which involves
gases. Liquids and gases are similar in many respects. The differences arepointed out
in the appropriate areas of this manual. This manual presents many of thefundamental
concepts in the fields of hydraulics and pneumatics. It is intended as a basicreference
for all personnel of the Navy whose duties and responsibilities require them to havea
knowledge of the fundamentals of fluid power.Consequently, emphasis is placed
primarily on the theory of operation of typical fluid power systems andcomponents that
have applications in naval equipment. Many applications of fluid power are presented
inthis manual to illustrate the functions and operation of different systems and
components.However, these are only representative of the many applications of fluid
power in naval equipment.Individual training manuals for each rate provide information
concerning the application of fluid power to specific equipment for which the rating is
responsible.
INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE MECHANISM

A robotic arm which is hydraulically operated and controlled by syringes filled with some
fluid. It consists of various parts connected to each other in a pre-designed manner
which are guided in a constrained way to obtain required output.
CONCEPT
The basic concept used behind the operation is PASCALs LAW. This law states that
when a pressure is applied at one point of a fluid contained in a constrained volume,
then the pressure due to that force is equally transmitted to all the points of the fluid,
which are acted upon by the same pressure. Using the same principle, we applied
pressure to fluid in syringe which is transmitted to other end of tube which is
connected to a syringe. This motion of the syringe is used to move the links or
parts of the mechanism which are attached to respective syringes.

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
1.) The slotted mechanism used in the design, increases its complexity but at the same
time increases its efficiency, ability, area of coverage.
2.) Rack and pinion mechanism used to provide rotatory motion does its work
smoothly without any jerks or shocks and giving more degree of rotation and thereby
increasing the area of effect.
3.) To increase overall stability and to avoid roll over or unbalancing due to
torque or extra weight in the front part, suitable counter weight is used in the rear
portion of the mechanism.
4.) Soap water having least compressibility and high efficiency is used as a fluid in
syringes.
Working of hydraulic arm
Hydraulic arms work with fluid and air power. The word hydraulic refers to scientific
engineering that uses fluids as a source of control and transmission power of electronic
devices. A hydraulic arm is a piece of machinery that is built to work on the concept of
fluid mechanics. They have a motor and pump that work together using pressurized
fluid to operate. They are used for various purposes such as lifting heavy supplies and
equipment in an industrial work setting. Cranes, bulldozers, and lifts all have hydraulic
arms.
Engineering Design Process

Engineering Connection
Engineering design
Just like engineers, students in this activity work in teams and follow the steps of the
engineering design process. Engineers develop hydraulic arms for a variety of reasons.
Hydraulic arms can be used in situations that are too difficult or dangerous for people to
deal with directly or in automated systems. Examples include arms that lift heavy
weights and arms that hold a load and unload them into a specific position.

Learning Objectives
After this activity, students should be able to:

Identify the steps of the engineering design process.

Recognize the steps of the engineering design process as they design and build.
Represent solutions to a design process in multiple ways.
Describe and explain features and purpose of a design.
Explain the basic concepts of hydraulic and pneumatics.
Advantages:

- It uses 'incompressible' fluid which results in a greater, more efficient & consistent
work or power output. This is due to the fact that hydraulic fluid molecules are able to
resist compression under heavy load hence minimal energy loss is experienced and
work applied is directly transferred to the actuating surfaces.

- As opposed to pneumatic system which uses air, a leakage in a hydraulic system is

easier to spot during ground maintenance operations.

- Hydraulic fluid operates very well in a very hot working environment, it is able to
sustain its airworthiness viscosity, density & fluid temperature even if it subjected under
extreme heat. This is specially important on aircraft structures that is abundant of hot
working conditions during flight operations.

Disadvantages:

- Hydraulic fluid is highly corrosive to most of the aircraft materials.

- Due to the heavy loads experienced in a typical hydraulic system, structural integrity is
a must which also means higher structural weight for the aircraft in addition to the
weight of its hydraulic lines, pumps, reservoirs, filters, & etc.

- Hydraulic system is susceptible to contaminations & foreign object damage (FOD).

- Mishandling and constant exposure to hydraulic fluid and its gas fumes without proper
equipment and precautions is a health risk.

- If disposed improperly, a hydraulic fluid is an environmental risk.

FUTURE SCOPE
If more time and more efforts would have been put into the model, more
complexities could have been brought out. Moreover instead of manual operation of
syringes could have been replaced by pre-defined computer programs or merely
by pressing the switch operated. Further, more varieties and more flexibility to add or
replace any part according to requirements can be done to improve its use and increase
field of usage and to make it more universal or flexible.
APPLICATION

These arms are used in assembly lines of mega factories to assemble various parts of a
product and also to paint vehicles. They are also used in earth movers to pick up heavy
weight and keep them where required. Same principle is being used in JCBs,
automobile lifters, etc.

PARTS

In the mechanism, each part has been provided with certain degree of freedom to move
in a constrained way to guide other parts and also to pick up small weight items and to
place them wherever required.
The complete mechanism consists of a fixed vertical link.
To its free end is connected or better to say hinged, another horizontal link which is free
to oscillate about that hinge in an up-down way of motion.

To this link is connected a slotted type mechanism which consists of a slotted box which
itself can oscillate about its hinge and in it is a sliding link which can come out of the slot
to have the slider like motion.
To this slider is connected a surface, underneath which are attached 4 spoons acting as
arm to pick up the items.
The entire mechanism is fixed on a rack and pinion type mechanism to allow degree of
freedom of the mechanism as a whole to rotate by 130degrees.

Reference:
http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-project-report-on-fluid-hydraulicoperated-arm#ixzz3A0ztk6NO

Reference:
http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-project-report-on-fluid-hydraulicoperated-arm#ixzz3A0FMeFPg