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18 The Czar
18 The Czar
18 The Czar
of Power
All
Loyal
Riding
Impact of Centralization
Corruption
Complacency
Abuse
Lack
The
of Power
Public Chamber
Handpicked informants
Consultative, no decision-making authority
Opposition
Creates
Real
Poor
Opposition
Political
Economic Performance
Does
Or,
Decentralized
Local
Experiment
NGO
of observation?
11%
That
But
Rewards
How
Incumbents
challenger(s)
Results
Implications
Herd
Fraud
officers
Use
After
Those
CARs?
Sources
Amsterdam,
Sources
Pribylovsky,