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A New CCII Based Sinusoidal Oscillator Circuit: Arun Kumar
A New CCII Based Sinusoidal Oscillator Circuit: Arun Kumar
1. INTRODUCTION
The second generation current
conveyor (CCII), introduced by Sedra and
Smith1, is now widely used for
implementing a number of high performance
electronic functions. The use of current
conveyor as the active element in the
realization of transfer function was
introduced by Soliman2. Since then, a
number of circuits using current conveyor
have been reported 3-13. In this paper, a new
sinusoidal oscillator circuit is presented
using two capacitors, three resistors and a
single current conveyor. It has been shown
that the slightly greater than unity value of
loop gain required to maintain sustained
iY 0 0 0 vY
v = 1 0 0 i
X
X
iZ 0 1 0 vz
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
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Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
Figure 2: Block diagram of proposed sinusoidal oscillator circuit showing the current distribution,
assuming the current conveyor to be ideal
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
3. CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION AND
ANALYSIS
3.1 Assuming the current conveyor to be
ideal
Consider the circuit shown in Figure
2. The distribution of currents is shown in
this figure. For an ideal current conveyor,
we have
iX = iZ , iY = 0, v X = vY
1
1
1
= (iZ i ). + (2iZ i ).
Y4
Y1
Y3
(3)
(4)
Y3 (Y1 + Y4 Y2 ) + Y4 (Y1 + Y2 ) = 0
0 =
1
R1 R3C2C4
(8)
Solving, it gives
Y (Y + 2Y1 )
i= 4 3
.iZ
Y1Y3 + Y3Y4 + Y1Y4
(7)
(2)
vZ = i.
R
C2
= 1+ 3
C4
R1
11
(5)
vX = (1 v )vY , iZ = (1 i )iX
vZ = i.
Y3 = G3 , where s = j and G = 1/ R .
(9)
1
1
1
(10)
= (iZ i). + (iZ + iX i).
Y4
Y1
Y3
i=
(11)
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
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Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
Figure 3: Block diagram of proposed sinusoidal oscillator circuit showing the current distribution, when
the tracking errors are taken into account
Y3[Y1 + Y4 Y2 (1 i )(1 v )] + YY
1 4 + (2 i ) vYY
1 2 + Y2Y4 = 0
(12)
(13)
(14)
Solving, Equation (14) gives
R3 ( C2 / C4 ) (1 i )(1 v ) 1
=
R1
1 + ( C2 / C4 ) (2 i ) v
0 =
1
R1 R3C2C4
(15)
as the frequency of oscillation.
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
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Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
It is easy to see that the condition of
oscillation as given by Equation (15) reduces
to that given by Equation (7) for an ideal
current conveyor when the tracking errors
are neglected. A detailed calculation, by
taking i = v = 0.03, shows that the ratio
0 SENSITIVITY
S x0 =
x 0
.
0 x
(17)
13
Figure 4: Computer simulation of the circuit shown in Figure 2 with the condition of oscillation given
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
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Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
by Equations (7) and (15)
Figure 5: Simulated and experimental curves for the circuit shown in Figure 2 using the condition of
oscillation given by Equation (15)
6. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT
7. CONCLUSIONS
Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)
Arun Kumar, J. Pure Appl. & Ind. Phys. Vol.2 (1), 9-15 (2012)
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Journal of Pure Applied and Industrial Physics Vol.2, Issue 1, 1 January, 2012, Pages (1-83)