Chapter-1

a) INTRODUCTION
1.1

Purpose of Internship

As per the policy of department I completed my Internship at PTV Headquarter Islamabad

for 06 weeks. Now after Internship we have to submit our Internship reports in department
for Evaluation. This Internship report is about Finance department of PTV in which major
focus is on Audit department.
1.2

Aim of Internship

To work in an organization and compare the theory and interpersonal skills,

communication skills, decision making and analytical skills practically.

To observe the practices followed by PTV which are making it different from other
public organizations.

To study the strengths and weaknesses of Finance department of PTV

To get knowledge of opportunities and threats while entering into an organization

To collect data, analyze and find results.

To plan for future and to learn how to adjust in an organization.

To learn other than theoretical aspects of the subject.

1.3

Limitations

Due to sensitive nature of records and Public organization, access to most of the
information was inaccessible.

Limitations of short time i.e. 06 weeks were insufficient time to understand

working of Finance department.
Summary

This chapter describes the purpose of Internship and its aim despite of all limitations due to
public nature of organization and sensitive nature of information to which access was
impossible there were lot things for learning.

b) INSIGHT PTV
1.b.1

Inception

Pakistan Television Corporation limited (PTV) is a public limited company, all its shares
are held by Govt. of Pakistan. Its transmission was first beamed in Black & White with
effect from 26 November, 1964 from a small pilot TV station established at Lahore.
Television centers were established in Karachi and Rawalpindi/Islamabad in1967 and in
Peshawar and in Quetta in 1974. PTV satellite transmission is round the clock and the
transmission includes ETV and PTV news transmission.

1. b.2

Different departments at PTV

2

PTV is a national organization whose major stakeholder is public so to improve the

working conditions and to attain maximum viewership and Quality programs for viewers it
has different departments which ensure the efficient performance. Departments on which
PTV is consisting are Admin, Engineering, Revenue, Finance, Marketing and Information
Technology. These departments are headed by their Directors.
1. b.3

Finance Division

Finance Division is headed by the Director Finance. At HQRs. Office , Controller Finance,
Controller Finance(Planning & Development), Controller Revenue(Accounts), Controller
Revenue (Customer Service) and Controller Audit are under the direct supervision of him.
For the purpose of running the affairs of PTV and strict financial control, every unit of
PTV is a self accounting unit. Executive Manager Finance and Finance Manager are
reporting directly to the unit heads. Success of Finance department of PTV is the result of
scattering the power this statement was given by Mr. Malik Muhammad Awan (Sr.
Accounts officer Audit). He further said:
Accounting system of PTV is one of the best in Pakistan because power is not in the
hands of Finance department but it is being used by Administration. Best policy is to
scatter the power by formalizing the things by means of involving no. of official
approvals from officers which will ultimately eradicate chances of fraud. Another best
thing in PTV is that it deals with monthly PLS account, Income statement and balance
sheet which reduce chances for taking advantage of discrepancies.
1. b.4

Organizational Structure of Pakistan Television

Head of each department is supposed to facilitate and provide workable conditions to PTV
employees and achieve desirable results of the organization.
Each department is headed by director of that particular department who is responsible to
obey all the directives sent by Managing Director PTV.
During my 6week internship at PTV I worked at Finance department of PTV headquarter
Islamabad In which I worked at Purchase and Billing section and Audit department. Both
departments were under the control of Controller Finance.( as shown in annexure 01-2-4)
1.b.5

Finance department

PTV is a Public Limited Company with an authorized capital of Rs.5,000,000 million.

Entire paid up share capital of Rs. 1,529,350 is held by the Government. Total Assets
(W.D.V) of the corporation, as on 30th June 2008, amounting to Rs.1,913,081 million
which is financed by Government investment and self-generated profit as well as grant-inaid is amounting to Rs.24,279 million.
1. b.5.I

Objectives

The key objectives of Finance department are;

To regulate financial discipline.

To ensure and regulate the recording of accounting transactions all over the
units/offices.

To present periodical financial reports to the Managing Director.

Budgetary provision by the Government for the air time used for Government
Programs

Budgetary Provision by the Government for the deficit of no-viable projects.

1. b.5.II

Activities of Finance department

The main activities of Finance department are;

Preparation of Budget i.e. Revenue and Capital.

Budgetary Control.

Disbursement of remittances and accounting of all income and expenditure.

Queries of Audit.

Preparation of Feasibility reports.

Coordination with the Government regarding the budgetary allocation, both in local
and foreign exchange.

1.b.6

TO manage the collection of TV license Fee from PEPCO.

Hierarchy of Finance Department

There are four controllers and one customer service officer who work under Director
finance which is the head of the finance department. In duties Director finance is
responsible to make policies and set rules and regulations and monitor the working of

Finance department. (Annexure 01-2-6) reveals the further structure of hierarchy of finance
department.

1. b.7

Achievements and Hallmarks of Finance Department

PTV Home is the major earning channel. Viable projects earned a profit during the years
covered/absorbed the losses on commercially non-viable projects. PTV earned its revenue,
mainly, through two sources i.e. advertising and license fee by contributing 42% and 58%
respectively during the year ended 30th June 2008. It is worth-mentioning that in the year
2004-2005 conversion of collection of TV License fee from Public Sector to WAPDA
billing is a major achievement and Landmark in PTVs history. Collection of TV License
Fee impact rose from Rs.617.141 million to Rs.2892.986 million.
Finance department is handling Annual Revenue Budget of Rs.5240.468 million. In
addition to that PSDP allocation for the year 2007-08 amount to Rs.479.567 million is
being managed. Finance Division is successfully handling this financial involvement.
There is a unit, headed by controller Finance (Planning & Development) at the level of
Headquarter office, to operate PSDP funds. A monthly financial reports covering the
financial aspects in term of profit/Loss of the corporation, is prepared for the use of
Management. Timely Finalization of accounts has also been ensured. As a result of Audit
i.e. commercial, internal and External, Serious audit observations referred to the
management for further action as well to enforce the Audit procedure more compatible to
International accounting Standard.
1. b.8

Audit Department of PTV

6

Audit department of PTV is working under Finance department, it works under Director
Finance. It works on records received from finance department. Here it is mandatory for
finance department to fully cooperate and provide relevant and required details whichever
is required in the audit process. Specially this department is to help and rectify accounting
errors and problems that may rise during auditing process so that they can be timely
corrected.
PTV board of directors in its 184th meeting held on 23rd April 2009 has appointed RASG
(Riaz Ahmed, Saqib, Gohar & Co. Chartered Accountants) as internal auditors of PTV for
the internal audit for the month of April 2009 and onwards.
RASG is performing its functions of audit at 12 centers and PTV headquarter. Centers of
which RASG is conducting audit are listed below;
1. PTV Head Quarter
2. PTV Academy
3. PTV Home
4. PTV News Islamabad
5. PTV Peshawar
6. PTV Lahore Center
7. PTV Multan Center
8. CSO (Central Sales Office)

9. PTV National
10. KTV PTV National Karachi
11. PTV News
12. PTV Quetta Center
13. PTV Baluchistan Zone-I
1. b.9

Working Of Audit Department of PTV

There are three major types of audit are in practice at PTV namely:
1. Administrative
2. Financial
3. Assets( Physical Stock-Checking)
Under my internship I worked in Assets audit that is APS or Annual Physical Stock
Checking which in routine starts on 30th April and ends on 30th June. Along with this
auditors can also randomly start Physical Stock Checking of PTV assets.( Annexure 01-29) further shows the hierarchy of Audit department.
Summary
From the Inception PTV has been passing through different developments and it has since
acquired many changes in its working ability and lot of improvement in infrastructure.
Organizational setup of PTV is one of the thing that distinguishes it from other public
nature of organizations. PTV is going profitable with highest viewership in rural areas of
8

Pakistan which is the achievement of dedicated employees. In rural areas PTV program
area encouraged fact based and reality based programs are designed where simplicity of its
programs is encouraged not only within the national territory but also most of the programs
are liked typically in south Asian countries.

Chapter-02
PERSONAL LEARNING AND WORKING AT PTV
9

2.1

Personal Learning

During my Internship I was given some tasks to perform, Good thing was that I was just
asked to attempt the task, not to get the results. It gave me confidence and in response I got
good results in those tasks. In PTV an Internee will work under specific supervision which
will be head of that department or the section and will report to him/her about work. That
supervisor will make a report about the internee behavior towards the work and his
personal opinion about the internee and send that report at the end to the top management
then they will decide the letter should be issued to that internee or not. The supervisor will
allocate the work and duty and will also guide how to perform certain tasks and will share
his/her experience for more understanding. Good and co-operative supervisor plan is an
important role in the learning process.
I worked for six weeks in different sections of Finance Division in PTV Headquarters,
Islamabad. During my internship in PTV, I have gained much knowledge and practical
experience. I have also done practical work in the form of analyzing the Annual Physical
Stock of Corporations Assets, preparation of purchases and utility bills in bills section, the
preparation and recording of different vouchers in the books. In PTV I got not only
practical knowledge but also theoretical knowledge. Lot of questions was in my mind
before joining the PTV which answers I got after joining the corporation. For example

How the Assets are maintained

What steps are involved in the initiation of any project?
How payments are made to suppliers?
How to invite tenders from different suppliers?
How the different bills are prepared and approved by the different authorities?
What is the purchase procedure of corporation?
How assets are maintained in books of accounts?
10

What is financial division of the corporation?

But after completing my internship in the PTV Corporation, I become fully aware of all
these matter. Most of the procedures in different corporations are same for example
developing and starting of any project, procedure of purchase and maintenance of
organizations assets etc. so it will help me in future because it gave me lot of confidence
and how to work practically. PTV is a big public corporation and has many departments for
different functions. So it is very difficult to work in every department within the time limit
of 6-8 weeks.
Most of the time, the employees do not have time for internees due to their busy schedule
of job. Although being a finance student my area was finance division, but this also
required a long time period to go through all sub-sections of finance. I tried my level best
to get more and more knowledge from the theoretical and practical work and also through
discussion, the environment in the corporation was very friendly so I enjoyed my learning
process.
One thing which is very important for me is that although there is much overstaffing in the
PTV, the factor of jealousy not exists between the employees. All the employees are cooperative supporting, having professional attitude and courteous behavior.

2.2 Experiences at PTV

Finance Department

11

The finance department of PTV deals with activities that are concerned with recording, analyzing and
evaluating of all transaction that are done with money. This department keeps the records and provides all
the information about the finance to concern with parties and other relate department. It prepares the
financial statement and maintains store &ledger, payroll etc. All the accounts prepared under historical cost
convention. The finance department has a work to set budgets. The basic work of finance department is at
headquarters as the income is only generated there. At centers only expenses are done which are to be
recorded by the finance department.
My internship was comprises of three sections of finance which are mentioned below
where I worked

2.2.1

Ledger section
Bills section
Audit section
LEDGER SECTION

This section of corporation deals in recording the bank and cash payment vouchers, credit
vouchers made journal vouchers that had earlier been processed by bank sections, bills,
payroll in the general journal and ledger accounts. Cash and bank payments are reconciled
with the cash and bankbook balances. They also record Journal vouchers processed by
Ledger, Advances and Stores section. Journal vouchers are initially recorded in the General
Journal and then they are transferred to the Ledger Accounts. All cash and bank payment
vouchers, ledgers, General Journal and Journal vouchers are kept with them for reference
and record purpose, process that I observed in ledger section is listed below but
unfortunately I was not provided any opportunity to work on it.
Through observation I learned that Ledger section works on following:

12

Preparation of annual schedules

Assets & liabilities ledger maintenance
Maintenance of General Journal & posting of JVs in it
Income & expenditure ledger is maintained
Settlement of Debit notes issued to various centers and received from various

centers and their reconciliation

To keep the record of all Journals Vouchers (JVs), cash Vouchers & books of
accounts

This section works on monthly bases on following activities:

2.2.2

Trial Balance
Cash & Bank Statements
Budget Variance Analysis
Detail of Advances
Private Ledger Balance (PLB)
Pending Bills Detail
List of Account Receivable
List of Account Payable
Budget Variance Report
Bills section

In this section in-charge mostly gave me assignments like photocopying, Cleaning shelves,
arrange files, opened accounts for them on gmail and Hotmail, ordered for tea in cafeteria
during this whole process and chatting with employees I learned that Bills section works
on following things:

Medical
Purchases
Staff Payments
General Sales Tax
Utility Bills Payment (Telephone, Water, Gas)

13

Practically In the last days in-charge gave me chance to work only on purchases
part it includes:
2.2.2.a

Purchases

Purchase section deals with the purchase of everything ranges from machinery to daily use
stationary. Purchase section made voucher for purchase and send it to bank section after
approval of authority and bank will pay that party for purchase. Purchase section work on
purchase procedure.
2.2.2-b

Purchase procedure

Process in which from the purchase request to its bills payment is called purchase
procedure.
Bills section Purchase Department Receives bills of purchase from Administration
department, Engineering department and Revenue department.
Following are the requirements of Purchase process

Purchase Requisition
Invoice Bill
Good Received Note
Store issue Requisition
Purchase Letter
Bill payment from Bank

Purchase procedure contain following conditions:

1. APM can give financial approval within limit of RS. 1 to 5000
2. Purchase Rs. 5000 to 20,000 will be approved by CAP, above amount approve by
DE/DAP.
14

3. Purchase can be made from registered suppliers for registered supplies of Rs.300,
000. Up to Rs. 300,000 open tender and will publish in paper.
2.2.2.c

Staff payments

Staff payments also made in this section. Billing Section check the basic salary and
allowances given to that employee and from different receipts and vouchers check the
expenses done by that employee and then make a payment voucher with the name of that
employee and send to bank section for payment after verification of authorities.
2.2.2.d Utility Bills payment
Bills section also deals with the payment of utility bills like water, gas, telephone. This
section collects all utility bills from employees and pays it on their behalf. Bills section
first check the utility allowance of that employee, if the bill is under the given allowance
then it will adjust, if it exceed then excess amount will cut from his/her salary. PTV also
provides a TV license free reduction to its employees.
2.2.3

Audit Section

My internship period was good at Audit section because here I learned some new things
and I was made busy by giving assignments here on Physical stock taking.
There are two major types of audit that are in practice in PTV, one is Internal Audit and
other is External audit. For Internal audit there is only department of audit of PTV which is
located in PTV headquarter situated in Islamabad. It works under Finance division.
External audit is done by Chartard accountant firms. Currently Riaz Ahmed, Saqib, Gohar
and Co. are contracted with PTV for external audit.
15

In internal audit again it is subdivided into:

Internal audit

Commercial audit

In internal audit three types of auditing reports are made by PTV audit
department which are given below:

Annual audit

Monthly audit

Annual Physical Stock taking of corporations assets

In annual Physical stocks taking different departmental teams are made to whom officer
rank individuals supervise. This process of Physical Stock taking starts on 30th April and
ends on 30th June of the year.

16

Chapter-03
SWOT Analysis
3.1

Strengths

PTV is public limited organization and it has major stakeholders in the market providing
employment to thousands of families and providing the nation first-hand information about
the local and international issues. It is one of the few public organizations who are running
profitable. A positive turn came when in 21st centuries first decades mid a strategy was
adopted about the collection of license fee from TV users through WAPDA. Major
resources of PTV now are advertisements and License fee. A comparatively supporting
environment may be the key to success for PTV because employees of PTV are always
found relaxed on the other hand private channels employees always remain under pressure
which also effects on their health, Following are strengths of PTV:

PTV is a family entertainment channel. All family members can easily watch

and enjoy all Programs of it.

A strong hold on electronic media due to its major stakeholders.
Whatever financial conditions remain but PTV is always working without being

effected from environmental affects

It is majorly watched in rural areas where there is no access of other channels,

so providing services to neglected portion of the society.

Representing the cultural values in different dramas from different centers

17

Religious information and education for students to study even at their homes
with the help of education Programs of virtual university.so trying in this way to

3.2

eradicate complexity of poors.

Promoting the country as an Islamic state by providing Islamic Programs
Covering all the major events like Pakistan day, Ramadan, EID, president and

prime ministers speech and address to the nation

Merit and objectivity are being maintained as a hallmark of PTV news items.

Weaknesses

Due to being public nature of Organization Political involvement is increasing

hurdles in making the accounting system of Finance department of PTV
transparent. Other issues are Political influence and Unionization and improper
check and balance is a big resistance in high class performance of PTV. Below
are further weaknesses which were observed and are listed below:

Most of the rules of accounting are not followed in practice. Violations of

accounting standards are creating problems to make the financial resources

transparent.
Strict rules are made but no follow up.
During Annual Physical Stock taking many corrections were observed, without

authentication ledgers and accounts were approved.

Authentic information about the problems especially which are not in favor of

Govt. are not aired.

Monotonous Programs are presented to the public, ultimately which results in
low satisfaction level of the viewers so viewers prefer private TV channels for

authentic news.
Ministry of information and Broadcasting governs PTV and it works for the
cause of government. So there is a lot of political involvement in it.
18

Restricted to make independent decisions due to government involvement

during recruitment and other decision making.

Not fair in mass communication.
Biased selection of employees.
Female employees were found were rarely in, result is that overall environment
of PTV was not competitive. Most of the employees were just passing their

3.3

time.
Over employment causing burden over the financial resources of PTV.

Opportunities

There are lots of opportunities to get sponsorship and advertisements from Govt. and
private marketers only there is need of proper management of financial records and good
forecasting and accurate planning can help in generating maximum finance for the PTV.
Here are listed below further opportunities that can be helpful in future:

The need of the hour is that newly skilled people should be appointed in
Pakistan Television Corporation. In most of the departments, people are
working for many years and their education is not as much as required by the

new generation.
PTV should implement International Standards of Accounting.
Improves its news and current affair Programs
PTV must improve specially its news because it is not fair in giving information

and other updates, which other channels easily provide

As PTV is Govt. institute so it can utilize its huge resources in investing huge
amount on latest equipment so that it would make sure high class performance

and result.
To bring overall increased efficiency, thus triggering increase in high quality of
services.
19

3.4

Threats

As discussed earlier due to political influence many financial mishaps are happening which
ultimately affecting on the performance of the organization. It is very important to erase all
kind of influences from finance department so that it can fight with its competitors of 21st
century who are very sharp and a step ahead in their actions. Following are threats that are
currently PTV is facing are:

The great threat for PTV is delay in Digital Technology application.

Cable system is main threat to PTV as they have many channels and latest

updated information. So people prefer it.

GEO TV and DAWN news is another threat to PTV. GEO and DAWN news are
news Channels, these channels are always updating about current affairs and
other issues. Also the information provided by these channels is considered

more reliable than PTV.

Major threat international satellite channels.

Summary
It is very important to for PTV to maintain its place in the hearts of people because still
PTV channel is the one who majorly viewed no doubt now some portion of this is diverting
to on-time news providers who also provide news without the political influence. On the
other hand these private channels are threat for PTV by providing Challenging threats of
different programs that become identity of that channel.

20

Chapter-04
RECOMMENDATIONS & CONCLUSION
After completing my internship period though it was very short time to understand but I
tried my level best to aware myself about the practical things. I made some observations by
keeping in view the theoretical aspects and working practically I came to the following
recommendations:

Mostly in corporations Taxation department works separately, so in PTV

separate department of Taxation will ensure transparency in the taxation process

and will work efficiently

Financial records of PTV were found openly at tables most of the time, these
documents are important so must be kept in separate stores or there should be

record keeper whose prior duty will be to maintain Financial records.

Latest Integrated system for all departments must be adopted which will make
sure that when one section passes the entry it must be entered automatically in
ledger
21

If PTV issues its shares in open market it will increase its net worth
To develop internets in order to measure speedy and accurate flow of

information
Evaluation of employees must be based on performance.
Information Provided to Viewers should be authentic and without any political

influence so that viewership confidence must increase

PTV must be independent body in its decision making, because under ministry

of Information and broadcasting there is lot of political pressure on employees

Timely monitoring of marketing strategies should be applied and keeping in
view the changing scenario should adopt latest techniques and methodologies to

make sure survival in market.

As most of the employees are aged and less equipped with technical skills and
are less aware about latest researches and developments occurring in the globe,

employees must be provided with self-Development plans.

Conclusion
After completing my internship I came to know that PTV is the nation represent channel of
Pakistan. It is a channel of present countless opportunities of programs and its production.
TV represents the culture of Pakistan to whole world. PTV is a very idea of channel that
defends the cultural norms, values of our country. It is rapidly moving towards growth and
is the market leader currently. In view of the importance of the media since from the very
inception of Pakistan the need of highly develop and advance media was greatly felt. Thus
state owned media in the shape of PTV was introduced in Pakistan. This has achieved the
National Objectives, even in the presence of hazardous situation faced by Pakistan from
time to time. As the media in the whole world play vital role to create awareness in the
masses. Considering the importance of the media, PTV Corporation was formed. The
willingness, dedication and dynamic approach of PTV staff has enabled it to play a due role
22

in the country and contributed to help in the rapid socio-economic uplift. It has welfare
scheme for its staff i.e. Provident Fund, Gratuity, Pension and advances with reserved
recoveries.

The Financial department is one of the most important departments in the

PTV for formulating and implementing the financial policies like all other organizations.
Financial position of the PTV is stable. The short-term liquidity position of the corporation
seems to be strong because current assets and working capital both are increasing. The
stability analysis shows that the owners have a reasonable share in total assets; this gives a
confidence to the creditor as well. The overall financial position of the Pakistan Television
Corporation Limited is satisfactory but as a universal truth there are certain loopholes
which have to be filled up to make the corporation more stronger, more prosper and more
viable.

23

ANNEXURES
1.b.4

MD
PTV

Administrati
on

Engineerin
g

Revenue

24

Finance

Marketing

Informatio
n
Technology

1.b.6

25

Director
Finance

C.F P&D

Controller
Finance

Controller
Revenue

D.C.F.HQ

D.C.F RBCS
(BOOSTER)

D.C.F Centre

Assistant

Controller

Account
Officer
Bill

Account
Officer
Bank

26

Customer
Service

Controller
Audit

1.b.9

27

Controller Audit
Mr. MATLOOB
Deputy

Controller

(Deals with Govt.

Auditors)

Deputy Controller
(Deals with internal and
annual audit)
Mr. Nazir

Internal

Commercial

Annual Audit

Monthly Audit

Physical Stock Checking

(Annual)

28

REFERENCES

1- http://www.papercamp.com/group/internship-report/page-0
2- http://www.studymode.com/essays/Ptv-Internshipreport-555880.html
3- http://vuaccess.blogspot.com/2011/02/internship-report-on-ptv.html
4- http://www.pta.gov.pk/index.ptv?finance/files
5- PTV Library
6- Audit reports of RASGS
7- https://www.scribd.com/doc/128123750/Internship-Report-on-PTV

29