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Decimals
Decimals
3
100
9
1 000
decimal mentally.
Worked Example
Express the following as decimals.
(a) 7
10
(b) 52
100
(c) 138
1 000
Solution
Worked Example
Change the following into fractions with
denominators of 10 or powers of 10.
(a) 0.6
(b) 0.55
(c) 0.374
Solution
(b) 7 2
5
Solution
Worked Example
Express the following as decimals.
(a) 1 14
100
Solution
(b) 4 5
20
Worked Example
Express the following decimals as mixed
numbers.
(a) 3. 6
Solution
(a) 3. 6 = 3 + 0. 6
=3+6
10
=36
10
PLACE VALUE AND DIGIT VALUE
IN DECIMALS
A) Place Value and Digit Value
1. Each digit in a decimal has its own
place value and digit value.
Look at the decimal 8.235 below.
Worked Example
State the place value and digit value
of the underlined digit in each of the
follow decimals.
(a) 13.46
(b) 7.095
Solution
(a) Tenths ; 0.4
(b) Thousandths ; 0.005
2. Decimal places are the number of
places occupied by the digits after
the decimal point.
For example :(a) 0.3
1 decimal place
(b) 0.06
2 decimal places
(c) 3.152
3 decimal places
(d) 9.7420
4 decimal places
B) Representing Decimals on Number Lines
A decimal can be represented on a number line.
For example :-
Worked Example
= 0.15
F = 4.95 + 0.15 + 0.15
= 5.25
G = 5.25 + 0.15
= 5.40
Therefore, F = 5.25 and G = 5.40.
C) Comparing Two Decimals
When comparing two decimals, arrange the
digits of the decimals according to their place
values and then compare their digit values
from left to right.
Worked Example
Which is greater, 24.853 or 24.832
Solution
Arrange the decimals as shown below.
Solution
D) Order of Decimals
We can arrange decimals in increasing or
decreasing order according to their values.
Worked Example
Arrange 7.1, 6.4, 6.83, 6.81 in decreasing order.
Solution
Worked Example
Worked Example
Round off the following decimals to the
nearest whole numbers.
(a) 8.6168
(b) 30.324
Solution
(c) 352.84
Worked Example
Calculate
(a) 34.2 + 26.73 + 9.985
(b) 9.25 + 54 + 17.631
Solution
Given information :
Salman's height = 1.75 m
Arjun is taller than Salman by 0.19 m
Find : Height of Arjun
2. Devise a plan
Use addition.
3. Carry out the plan
Arjun's height
= Salman's height + 0.19 m
1.75 m + 0.19 m = 1.94 m
1.75
+0.19
1.94
Therefore, Arjun is 1.94 m tall.
4. Check
1.94
- 1.75
0 . 1 9 ( The difference )
Worked Example
Dewi collected 21.10 litres of latex on
Monday, 26 litres on Tuesday and
23.906 litres on Wednesday. Find the
total amount of latex collected.
Solution
Worked Example
Calculate
(a) 57.3 - 35.82 - 2.346
(b) 81 - 24.907 - 7.5
Solution
52.03
8.37
60.40
Worked Example
Zaiton bought 6.3 m of cloth. She used 2.15 m
to make a shirt and 3.28 m to make a pair of
pants. How much of the cloth remained ?
Solution
6.3 m - 2.15 m - 3.28 m = 0.87 m
(c) 0.8
(b) 6.973
( d) 0.0032
Solution
Worked Example
Calculate 0.38 x 0.7 x 0.5.
Solution
0.95
8
7.60
3.36
5
16.80
Worked Example
Calculate
(a) 0.7 10,
Therefore, 35 4 = 8.75
Worked Example
Calculate 8 3 and give your answer correct
to 4 decimal places.
Solution
Therefore, 8 3 = 2. 66666...
= 2. 6667 ( 4 d.p )
iii - Dividing a decimal by a whole number
and vice versa
1. Dividing a decimal by a whole number
is equal sharing.
Worked Example
Find the value of each of the following.
(a) 38.4 4
(b) 0.22 22
Solution
14.30
6
85.80
COMBINED OPERATIONS
OF +, -, x, OF DECIMALS
A) Combined Operations of Addition
and Subtraction
Worked Example
Find the value of each of the following.
(a) 7.41 + 6.35 - 10.02
(b) 8.41 - 31 + 2.07
4
Solution
Given information :
Mass of vessel = 0.98 kg
Mass of rice = 25.8 kg
Mass of rice used = 10.5 kg
Find : Mass of the vessel and remaining rice
2. Devise a plan
Perform addition followed by subtraction.
3. Carry out the plan
0.98 + 25.8 - 10.5
= 26.78 - 10.5
= 16. 28
0.96
+ 2 5 . 8__
26.78
- 1 0 . 5__
16.28
Therefore, the total mass of the vessel
and remaining rice is 16.28 kg.
C) Combined Operations of
Multiplication and Division
Worked Example
Calculate each of the following.
(a) 4.6 x 0.8 1.6
Solution
Worked Example
Calculate each of the following.
(a) 7 x 0 . 9 4
5
Solution
(a) 7 x 0 . 9 4
5
= 6. 3 4 ( Invert the fraction. )
5
= 6. 3 x 5
4
= 31. 5 4
= 7. 875
D) Problem Solving involving
Multiplication and Division
Worked Example
A shopkeeper buys 5 sacks of sugar
each weighing 64.2 kg. If he packs
the sugar into plastic bags of 11 kg
2
each, how many bags are required ?
Solution
1. Understand the problem
Given information :
Mass of a sack of sugar = 64.2 kg
5 sacks of sugar are packed into
plastic bags of 11 kg.
Find : Number of plastic bags required
2. Devise a plan
Perform multiplication followed by
division.
3. Carry out the plan
5 x 64. 2 11
2
= 5 x 64. 2 3
2
= 192. 6 3
2
= 192. 6 x 2
3
= 385. 2 3
= 128. 4
4. Check
3 x 128. 4 = 192.6
2
192. 6 3
= 64. 2
Worked Example
Amy bought 20 eggs costing RM3. 80.
Solution
Cost of 7 pencils = 7 x 0.80
Cost of 6 pens = 6 x 1.30
Total cost of pencils and pens
= 7 x 0.80 + 6 x 1.30
Change received by Haikal
= 30 - ( 7 x 0.80 + 6 x 1.30 )
= 30 - ( 5.60 + 7.80 )
= 30 - 13.40
= 16.60
0.80
1.30
7
x
6
5.60
7.80