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CCNP Route Lab
CCNP Route Lab
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Penta CCIE # 12353
(R/S,Security,SP,Voice,Storage)
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Penta CCIE # 12353
(R/S,Security,SP,Voice,Storage)
Advantages
Efficient Use of IP addresses: Without VLSMs, networks would have to use
the same subnet mask throughout the network. But all your networks dont
have the same number of hosts.
For example: You have 2 LAN connected via a Serial Point-to-point connection.
Each LAN has 50 Hosts on it. When you assign the subnet mask, it has to be
consistent across your network. So you end up assign a sub-network address
to the WAN connection with 62 hosts, whereas you only need 2.
Greater Capability for Route Summarization: Route Summarization is
covered in detail, later on in this module.
Calculating VLSMs
25 Hosts
25 Hosts
25 Hosts
25 Hosts
In this example, we want to connect the Main Site to the Branch Offices. If we
used a fixed length subnet mask, we would need 4 networks for the LANs and
3 Networks for WANs, a total of 7 networks. Let us say we have a Class C
address of 200.200.200.0 assigned to us. If we need 7 networks, we have to
borrow 4 bits, giving us 14 networks. But it will only give us 14 hosts per
network. In order to get around this problem, we will use VLSMs.
In VLSMs, we can get away with borrowing only 3 bits. 3 bits give us 6 usable
networks with 30 hosts per network. We will use the first 4 networks for our
LAN based networks, and subnet the fifth one further to give us additional
networks with less hosts on each for our WAN connections. Our WAN
connections only require 2 hosts per network and we need 3 Networks.
Subnetting the 200.200.200.0 network into 6 subnets
We borrow 3 bits, giving us a new mask of 255.255.255.224 or 27 bit
Subnet Mask.
Our new networks are as follows:
200.200.200.32/27
200.200.200.64/27
200.200.200.96/27
200.200.200.128/27
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Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 4 of 197
200.200.200.160/27
200.200.200.192/27
(200.200.200.164) Valid
(200.200.200.168) Valid
(200.200.200.172) Valid
(200.200.200.176) Valid
(200.200.200.180) Valid
(200.200.200.184) Valid
So you can choose any 3 of the above network addresses for the WAN
connections.
200. 200.200.32/ 27
200. 200.200.164/30
25 Hosts
25 Hosts
200. 200.200.168/30
200. 200.200.64/ 27
25 Hosts
200. 200.200.96/ 27
25 Hosts
200. 200.200.128/27
200. 200.200.172/30
25 Hosts
5 Hosts
25 Hosts
5 Hosts
5 Hosts
Route Summarization
Definition
Route Summarization: reduces the number of routes that a router must
maintain because it represents a series of network numbers in a single
summary address.
Advantages
Reduces the size of Routing Tables
Isolates Topology changes from other routes in a Large Network
Routing Table
150. 50. 33. 0/24
150. 50. 34. 0/24
150. 50. 35. 0/24
Routing Table
150. 50. 0.0/ 16
150.50.64.0/24
150.50.65.0/24
150.50.66.0/24
150.50.67.0/24
150.50.68.0/24
150.50.69.0/24
150.50.70.0/24
150.50.71.0/24
(150.50.64.0)
(150.50.65.0)
(150.50.66.0)
(150.50.67.0)
(150.50.68.0)
(150.50.69.0)
(150.50.70.0)
(150.50.71.0)
Starting from High order bits towards low order bits (Left to Right), look at the
bits that are common and draw a line.
150.50.01000000.00000000
150.50.01000001.00000000
150.50.01000010.00000000
150.50.01000011.00000000
150.50.01000100.00000000
150.50.01000101.00000000
150.50.01000110.00000000
150.50.01000111.00000000
(150.50.64.0)
(150.50.65.0)
(150.50.66.0)
(150.50.67.0)
(150.50.68.0)
(150.50.69.0)
(150.50.70.0)
(150.50.71.0)
The summarized address will be address you get from the common high order
bits.
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 8 of 197
150.50.01000000.00000000 (150.50.64.0).
Your Subnet mask will the number of common bits, which is 16 + 16 + 5 = 21
The Route that will be sent is 150.50.64.0/21.
131.107.1.192/28
131.107.1.208/28
LA
SF
131.107.1.64/28
131.107.1.80/28
OC
131.107.1.128/28
131.107.1.144/28
131.107.1.160/28
131.107.1.176/28
131.107.1.96/28
SD
131.107.1.112/28
131.107.1.128/28
131.107.1.144/28
LA
SF
131.107.1.176/28
131.107.1.160/28
OC
SD
131.107.1.64/28
131.107.1.80/28
131.107.1.96/28
131.107.1.112/28
131.107.1.192/28
131.107.1.208/28
131.107.1.48/28
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 1.1.1.1/8
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2 (config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On Both Routers
On Both Routers
Rx#debug ip rip (Where x is your Router number)
Interesting Facts
On R1
R1(config)#int loopback 0
R1(config-if)#shut
RIP:
Interesting Facts
When a route goes down, the router does not wait for Periodic Update. It
sends a Triggered update with a Poisoned route with a metric of 16
Notice R2 also sends an immediate Triggered Update back, indicating
that you cant reach 10.0.0.0 cannot be reached through it.
On R1
R1(config)#int loopback 0
R1(config-if)#no shut
Interesting Facts
The router is advertising all routes. Even the ones that it learned from
the same router. The reason it does make it to the routing table is
because the Router has a better metric to the route.
Passive Interfaces
On Both Routers
Rx(config)#router rip
Rx(config-router)#passive interface Loopback 0
Interesting Facts
The router stops advertising from the Loopback interface. The command
is useful for cutting down unnecessary broadcast over an interface that
only has hosts on it and no router.
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
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Page 16 of 197
On R2
R2(config)#Router rip
R2(config-router)#passive interface S 0/0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.12.1
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 4.4.4.4/8
R4
S 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
191.1.34.3
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
Objective: R1 is acting as the ISP and R2 is the Edge Router for a company
that is running RIP internally between R2, R3 and R4. R1 will have static
routes towards all the company networks. R2 will have a default route pointing
towards R1.
On R1
R1#conf t
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
route
route
route
route
route
On R2
R2#conf t
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#Router RIP
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
On R3
R3#conf t
R3(config)#Router RIP
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4#conf t
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Page 19 of 197
R4(config)#Router RIP
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
On R3 and R4
Type Show IP route. Do you see an entry learned through RIP that has
a *?
By default, RIP will advertise the default route to other RIP enabled
routers.
Enter Debug IP RIP and view the routing table entries going from R2 to
R3 and R4.
(Builds on Lab 4)
Objecctive: Use the default-information originate instead of the default-route
on R2 to inject the default route into R3 and R4. You will no longer be using
the default route towards R1. Configure a static route to provide reachability
towards 1.0.0.0 network.
On R2
R2(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#clear ip route *
R2(config)#ip route 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
On R3 and R4
Type Show IP route. Do you see an entry learned through RIP that has a
*?
This is done by using the Default-information originate on R2
Enter Debug IP RIP and view the routing table entries going from R2 to R3
and R4.
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R1
S 0/0(.1)
192.1.12.0/2
L0 1.1.1.1/8
R2
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
router(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#Router RIP
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2 (config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On Both Routers
On Both Routers
Rx#debug ip rip (Where x is your Router number)
RIP: Sending V2 update to 224.0.0.9 via Serial 0/0 (192.1.12.1)
RIP: Build update entries
Network 1.0.0.0/8 metric 1, External Tag 0
RIP: Sending V2 update to 224.0.0.9 via Loopback 0 (1.1.1.1)
RIP: Build update entries
Network 2.0.0.0/8 metric 2, External Tag 0
Network 192.1.12.0/8 metric 1, External Tag 0
RIP: received V2 update from 192.1.12.2 on serial 0/0
2.0.0.0/8 in 2 hop metric 1, External Tag 0
Interesting Facts
Update is a V2 Update
Includes the Subnet Mask
The destination address.
R1
S 0/0(.1)
192.1.12.0/2
L0 1.1.1.1/8
R2
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/2
S 0/0(.4)
192.1.34.0/2
L0 4.4.4.4/8
R4
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
191.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
Objective: R3 does not support RIP v2. Configure R1, R2 and R4 with RIP v2.
Configure R3 with RIP V1. Allow R2 and R4 to exchange routes with R3.
On R1
R1#conf t
R1(config)#Router RIP
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#version 2
R1(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0
On R2
R2#conf t
R2(config)#Router RIP
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip rip send v1
R2(config-if)#ip rip receive v1
On R3
R3#conf t
R3(config)#Router RIP
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#version 1
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
On R4
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
Khawarb@khawarb.com
Page 27 of 197
R4#conf t
R4(config)#Router RIP
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#version 2
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#Interface S 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip rip send version 1
R4(config-if)#ip rip receive version 1
On R2
R1(config)#int S 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
R2
R2(config)#key chain KC-1
R2(config-keychain)#key 1
R2(config-keychain-key)#key-string CISCO
R2(config-keychain-key)#exit
R2(config)#int S 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
R2(config-if)#int E0/0
R2(config-if)# ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
R3
R3(config)#key chain KC-1
R3(config-keychain)#key 1
R3(config-keychain-key)#key-string CISCO
R3(config-keychain-key)#exit
R3(config)#int S 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
R3(config-if)#int E0/0
R3(config-if)# ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
R4
R4(config)#key chain KC-1
R4(config-keychain)#key 1
R4(config-keychain-key)#key-string CISCO
R4(config-keychain-key)#exit
R4(config)#int S 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip rip authentication key-chain KC-1
Checking the Authentication On all Routers
Can you see the authentication happening and if so, can you see the
actual password?
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Module 4 EIGRP
Features
Security: With IOS version 11.3 or better, EIGRP can authenticate using
only MD5, the reason EIGRP does not support clear text is because,
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 33 of 197
EIGRP can only be used within CISCO routers, and all Cisco routers
support MD5 authentication. But the routes are not encrypted, so a
sniffer can easily see the password/s.
Multiple Network Layer Protocol Support: EIGRP can support IP, IPX,
and AppleTalk, whereas the other routing protocols support only one
routed protocol. EIGRP will also perform auto-redistribution with NLSP,
IPXRIP, RTMP. EIGRP supports incremental SAP and RIP updates, 224
HOPS, and it uses bandwidth + delay which is far more better than just
Ticks and Hops used by IPXRIP. For RTMP it supports event driven
updates, but it must run in a clientless networks(WAN), and also a better
metric calculation.
Unequal and Equal Cost Path Load-Balancing: This feature will enable
the administrators to distribute traffic flow in the network. By default
EIGRP will use up to 4 paths and this can be increased to 6.
OSI and EIGRP: Like all TCP/IP routing protocols EIGRP relies in IP to
deliver the packets, EIGRP maps to the transport layer of OSI and uses
protocol number 88.
Support Of Different Topology: EIGRP can support broadcast multiaccess topologies such as Token-Ring, and Ethernet. Point to point
topology such as HDLC. NBMA topology such as Frame-Relay.
100% Loop Free: EIGRP uses DUAL to attain fast convergence while
maintaining a totally loop free topology at every instance.
S 0/0 10.1.1.2/30
S 0/1 10.2.1.1/30
R-B
S 0/0 10.2.1.2/30
S 0/0 10.1.1.1/30
R-C
R-A
S 0/1 10.3.1.2/30
S 0/1 10.4.1.1/30
R-D
S 0/1 10.4.1.2/30
S 0/0 10.3.1.1/30
In the above diagram, the minute the Ethernet port on R-A comes
active, it notifies R-B, and R-D with its own vector metric, R-D, and
R-B will adjust these values based on the parameters of their
interface to R-A, and then they will advertise that cost to R-C.
EIGRP uses the same formula as IGRP to calculate its composite
metric, with one difference and that is EIGRP scales the metric
component by 256 to achieve a finer metric granularity. This
metric is calculated using Bandwidth, Delay, Reliability, Load, and
MTU. The formula that it uses is as follows:
You can view the detailed vector and composite metric of a single
EIGRP route from the topology table with the following command:
sh ip eigrp top <ip-address>
To find out the value of bandwidth and the delay associated to a given
interface, sh interface < the interface type > x where x is the
interface number.
These values can be changed with the following interface mode
commands:
bandwidth < bandwidth in Kbps>
delay < delay in tens of microseconds >
Terminology
Topology Table: This includes route entries for all the destinations that
the router has learned. FS are kept in this table for rapid convergence.
Neighbor table: Each Eigrp router has a neighbor table that has a list of
adjacent routers. Neighbor relationships ensure a bi-directional
communication between each of the directly connected neighbor.
Routing Table: Eigrp uses the best path to a given destination (the
Successor/s) from the topology table and places it into the routing table.
Upstream: This router is further away from the destination than the
local router. This router will use the local router to get to the destination.
Packet Types
Hello: Used for neighbor discovery process. Hello packets are sent as
multicasts, and they use unreliable delivery meaning that they do not
need an ACK, as long as these packets are received the routers can
determine that the neighbor is up.
EIGRP Summarization
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
On R1
R1(config)#Router eigrp 12
R1 (config-router)#net 1.0.0.0
R1 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On R2
R2(config)#Router eigrp 12
R2 (config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
Type SH IP ROUTE
Seq
Num
200 0
See how the Hello # are changing and updates are not.
Note the Values in the output. See how the queries number increased
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 4.4.4.4/8
S 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R4
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
191.1.34.3
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
On R1
R1(config)#Router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On R2
R2(config)#Router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
On R3
R3(config)#Router eigrp 1
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4(config)#Router eigrp 1
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
Type SH IP ROUTE
Lab
3 the
Neighbor
command
Verify that
Metric Calculations are
done based on the with
EIGRP Metric
calculation formula:
Metric = [ 10 /BW(min) +EIGRP
Delay(sum) / 10] * 256
7
On R1 and R2
Type SH IP ROUTE
With RIP, the passive-interface command RIP doesnt send updates but
continue to receive routes.
On R2
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
Khawarb@khawarb.com
Page 47 of 197
R2(config)#Router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.12.1 S 0/0
On R1 and R2
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R1
R1(config)#Router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#No passive-interface S 0/0
On R2
R2(config)#Router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#No passive-interface S 0/0
On R1 and R2
Type SH IP ROUTE
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
E 0/0 (.1)
192.1.23.0/24
192.1.14.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
E 0/0 (.4)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
L0 4.4.4.4/8
S 0/0(.4)
192.1.34.0/24
R4
S 0/0 (.3)
R3
Objective: Configure the Ethernet link between R1 and R4. Configure the
Variance command to support unequal cost load balancing. This lab shows you
the Feasible Condition come into play.
R1 Configuration
Interface
E 0/0
IP Address
192.1.14.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
IP Address
192.1.14.4
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
E 0/0
On R4
R4(config)#Router eigrp 1
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.14.0
Interface
E 0/0
S 0/0
S 0/0
E 0/0
E 0/0
S 0/0
S 0/0
E 0/0
Bandwidth
64
128
128
512
512
256
256
64
On R1
R1(config)#Interface S 0/0
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 128
R1(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R1(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R1(config-if)#delay 2000
On R2
R2(config)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 512
R2(config-if)#delay 2000
R2(config-if)#Interface S 0/0
R2(config-if)#bandwidth 128
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On R3
R3(config)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#bandwidth 512
R3(config-if)#delay 2000
R3(config-if)#Interface S 0/0
R3(config-if)#bandwidth 256
On R4
R4(config)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#bandwidth 64
R4(config-if)#delay 2000
R4(config-if)#Interface S 0/0
R4(config-if)#bandwidth 256
Note you have 2 ways to get to the diagonally opposite loopback networks
On All Routers
Rx(config)#Router EIGRP 1
Rx(config-router)#Variance xx
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE.
Do all the routers show dual paths to get the diagonally opposite
loopback networks.
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Page 51 of 197
If not, Why?
L0 10.1.4.0
L3 10.1.7.0/24
R1
S 0/0(.1)
L0 10.1.8.0
L3 10.1.11.0/24
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
L0 10.1.16.0
L3 10.1.19.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
192.1.34.0/24
R4
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0 (.3)
R3
L0 10.1.12.0
L3 10.1.15.0/24
Group B
Objective: Configure EIGRP Route Summarization on individual routers and
the Backbone routers connecting the two groups to each other.
IP Address
10.x.4.1
10.x.5.1
10.x.6.1
10.x.7.1
10.x.1.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
E 0/0
S 0/0
E 0/1
IP Address
10.x.8.1
10.x.9.1
10.x.10.1
10.x.11.1
10.x.1.2
10.x.2.1
10.5.1.y
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
10.x.12.1
10.x.13.1
10.x.14.1
10.x.15.1
10.x.3.1
10.x.2.2
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
10.x.16.1
10.x.17.1
10.x.18.1
10.x.19.1
10.x.3.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
E 0/0
S 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
E 0/0
R1 on Both Groups
R1(config)#Router eigrp 1
R1(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#net 192.X.12.0
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2 on Both Groups
R2(config)#Router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.X.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.X.23.0
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R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3 on Both Groups
R3(config)#Router eigrp 1
R3(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.X.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.X.34.0
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4 on Both Groups
R4(config)#Router eigrp 1
R4(config-router)#net 10.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 192.X.34.0
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
Objective: Configure EIGRP Route Summarization on individual routers and
the Backbone routers connecting the two groups to each other.
Get together with your group and figure out a summarization for the
Border router (Router connecting to the backbone).
Write it down
Router(config)#int E 0/1
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Type SH IP ROUTE
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 4.4.4.4/8
R4
S 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
191.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
Objective: R1 is acting as the ISP and R2 is the Edge Router for a company
that is running EIGRP internally between R2, R3 and R4. R1 will have static
routes towards all the company networks. R2 will have a default route pointing
towards R1. R2 should inject the default route into R3 and R4.
On R1
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
R1(config)#ip
route
route
route
route
route
On R2
R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
On R3
R3(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
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On R3 and R4
On R2
Does it work?
On R3 and R4
Does it work?
Type SH IP ROUTE
Do you have any routes to the 1.1.1.1 or any Default gateway set?
On R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
Lab
7 Injecting Default Route with
Summary-Address Command
(Based on Lab 6 Configuration)
Objective: This lab is based on the previous lab. R2 will have a default route
pointing towards R1. R2 should inject the default route into R3 and R4 using
the Summary address command instead of Route Redistribution.
Does it work?
Type SH IP ROUTE
L0 1.1.1.1/8
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
L1 11.11.11.11/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 4.4.4.4/8
R4
S 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
11.11.11.11
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
192.1.23.3
191.1.34.3
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
Objective: Inject the 1.0.0.0 and 11.0.0.0 networks into EIGRP without using
the Network command.
On R2
R2(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
On R3
R3(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4#conf t
R4(config)#Router EIGRP 1
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0
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On R2, R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R1
R1(config)#no router eigrp 1
R1(config)#router eigrp 11
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#net 11.0.0.0
On R2
R2(config)#router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#no net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#no net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#Router eigrp 11
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
On R1, R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
R2(config-router)#router eigrp 11
R2(config-router)#redistribute eigrp 1
On R1, R2 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R2
R2(config)#no router eigrp 11
R2(config)#router rip
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On R1, R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R1, R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
IP Address
11.0.0.1
12.0.0.1
13.0.0.1
14.0.0.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
IP Address
15.0.0.1
16.0.0.1
17.0.0.1
18.0.0.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0
R4
Interface
Loopback 15
Loopback 16
Loopback 17
Loopback 18
On R1
R1(config)#interface Loopback 11
R1(config-if)#ip address 11.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#interface Loopback 12
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config)#interface Loopback 13
R1(config-if)#ip address 13.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config)#interface Loopback 14
R1(config-if)#ip address 14.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R1(config-if)#router rip
R1(config-router)#net 11.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#net 12.0.0.0
R1(config-router)#net 13.0.0.0
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R1(config-router)#net 14.0.0.0
On R4
R4(config)#interface Loopback 15
R4(config-if)#ip address 15.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R4(config-if)#interface Loopback 16
R4(config-if)#ip address 16.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R4(config)#interface Loopback 17
R4(config-if)#ip address 17.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R4(config)#interface Loopback 18
R4(config-if)#ip address 18.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
R4(config-if)#Router eigrp 1
R4(config-router)#net 15.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 16.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 17.0.0.0
R4(config-router)#net 18.0.0.0
On R1, R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R1
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R2
R2(config)#ip route 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 11.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 12.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 13.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#ip route 14.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
R2(config)#no Router RIP
On R3 and R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
Verify that you see all the static routes except the 11.0.0.0 and 14.0.0.0
networks
On R3
R3(config)#key chain KC-1
R3(config-keychain)#key 1
R3(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco
On R4
R4(config)#key chain KC-1
R4(config-keychain)#key 1
R4(config-keychain-key)#key-string cisco
On R3
R3(config)#int E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip authentication
R3(config-if)#ip authentication
R3(config-if)#int S 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip authentication
R3(config-if)#ip authentication
On R4
R4(config)#int S 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip authentication key-chain eigrp 1 trinet
R4(config-if)#ip authentication mode eigrp 1 md5
On R2, R3 and R4
o Type Debug eigrp packet
o Notice the authentication is md5
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Module 5 OSPF
OSPF Version 1 was specified in RFC 1131 in 1988. This protocol was
finalized in 1989.
OSPF Version 2 (Current version). The most recent specifications are
specified in RFC 2328.
OSPF Features
Router Types
OSPF Terminology
Interface: A Connection between the router and one of its attached Networks
Link State: The status of a link between two routers, that is, a routers
interface and its relationship to its neighboring routers. The link states are
advertised to other routers in a special packet called link-state advertisements
(LSA).
Link State Advertisement(LSA):
Is the packet that is used by the routers to tell each other about the state
of a Link.
Certain types LSAs are flooded throughout the network and certain ones
only within the area.
The ones that are flooded within the area, are used to create a topology
database, also known as the Link State Database.
Router ID:
A 32-bit number assigned to each OSPF enabled router.
Its used to uniquely identify a router within an Autonomous System.
Its calculated at boot time
Its the highest Loopback address on a Router. If there is no loopback
configured, it will be the highest configured address on the router.
Neighbors: Two routers that have interfaces on a common network. A
neighbor relationship is usually discovered and maintained by the Hello
Protocol.
Adjacent: OSPF routers form adjacency with neighboring routers in order to
exchange routing information.
Flooding: A technique used to distribute LSAs between routers.
Databases or Tables: There are 3 OSPF Database or Tables:
Neighbor Database: Contains the information about Directly connected
neighbors
Link-State Database: Link States of all the routers in an Area. All routers
in the same area will have an identical Link State Database.
Routing Table: Derived from the Link State Database by running the
SPF(also known as the Dijkstra Algorithms).
Broadcast Networks
Point-to-point Networks
NBMA Networks
Packet
Type
1
Name
Description
Protocol
Used
Hello
Hello
Database
Description
Link State
Request
Link State
Update
Link State
Advertisements
Exchange
Exchange
Flooding
All
Large Routing Table: Each router would need to maintain at least one
entry per network, and if we have provided redundancy to some of the
links, then more entries will be found in the routing table.
If one of the areas is having a flapping link, it will not have an effect on
the other areas, because the traffic will always be restricted to that area
If you summarization is performed on the ABR.
Benefits
Multi-Area Components
Routers
LSAs
Areas
Virtual-Links
Link-State Types
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
LSA
LSA
LSA
LSA
LSA
LSA
LSA
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
Type
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
1. LSA Type 1:
2. LSA Type 2:
3. LSA Type 3:
4. LSA Type 4:
LSA Type 4s are not seen in the routing table, LSA Type 4 is only
seen in the Link-State Database.
Generated by the ASBR. In a multi-area it will be given to the ABR
of the same area , and the ABR will flood the LSAs to the other
areas.
Describes reachibility to ASBR.
Flooded throughout an OSPF autonomous area except in Totally
Stubby areas.
When LSA Type 4s are flooded, LSA Type 5s are seen as well.
5. LSA Type 5:
6. LSA Type 6:
7. LSA Type 7:
Types Of Areas
1. Standard or Normal Area:
3. Stub Area:
5. Not-So-Stubby:
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R2
R1
L0 2.2.2.2/8
L0 1.1.1.1/8
E 0/0 (.2)
E 0/0 (.1)
L0 192.1.100.0/24
E 0/0 (.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
L0 4.4.4.4/8
R3
R4
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.100.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.100.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.100.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
R4 Configuration
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
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Page 92 of 197
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.100.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
On R1
R1(config)#Router ospf 1
R1 (config-router)#net 1.0.0.0
0.255.255.255 area 0
R1 (config-router)#net 192.1.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2 (config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
0.255.255.255 area 0
R2 (config-router)#net 192.1.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R3
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3 (config-router)#net 3.0.0.0
0.255.255.255 area 0
R3 (config-router)#net 192.1.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R4
R4(config)#Router ospf 1
R4 (config-router)#net 4.0.0.0
0.255.255.255 area 0
R4 (config-router)#net 192.1.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
1
1
1
full/drother
full/bdr
full/dr
192.1.100.2
192.1.100.3
192.1.100.4
E 0/0
E 0/0
E 0/0
Displays all the Network LSAs received by your router. Send out by the DR.
Includes the following information:
o DR Address
o All the attached routers of the area
Cost
1
1
2
6
10
25
64
Command
IP OSPF COST [Value]
IP OSPF Hello-Interval [Value]
IP OSPF Dead-Interval [Value]
IP OSPF Priority [Value]
auto-cost reference-bandwidth
Explanation
Changes the default cost of an
Interface
Change the Hello-interval
Changes the Dead-interval
Changes the Priority. Used in forcing
one of the routers to be the DR or
BDR
Used when you have a Gigabit
Ethernet connection and 108 does not
work correctly.
Shows all packets for OSPF
Displays the Hello packets and DR and
BDR Election
On R1
R1(config)#Int E 0/0
R1(config-if)#IP OSPF priority 100
R1(config-if)#shut
On R2
R2(config)#Int E 0/0
R2(config-if)#IP OSPF priority 50
R2(config-if)#shut
On R3
R3(config)#Int E 0/0
R3(config-if)#IP OSPF priority 0
R3(config-if)#shut
On R4
R4(config)#Int E 0/0
R4(config-if)#IP OSPF priority 0
R4(config-if)#shut
Use Up arrow key and Enter to keep on repeating the commands and see
the state of the routers going from Init to Full. Also note the Roles of the
Routers
Type SH IP OSPF INT E 0/0 to see the DR and BDR for the Network.
v:
t:
Type U ALL
On RI and R2
Rx(config)#Int E 0/0
Rx(config-if)#IP OSPF authentication-key Cisco
Rx(config-if)#IP OSPF authentication
On All Routers
Type SH IP Route
Notice R1 and R2 talk to each other and R3 and R4 only see the directly
connected networks
ON R3 and R4
Rx(config)#Int E 0/0
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Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 97 of 197
Type U ALL
On All Routers
Rx(config)#Int E 0/0
Rx(config-if)#IP OSPF message-digest-key 1 md5 ccnp
Rx(config-if)#IP OSPF authentication message-digest
On All Routers
Type SH IP Route
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 1.1.1.1/8
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
On R1
R1(config)#Router ospf 1
R1 (config-router)#net 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R1 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2 (config-router)#net 2.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R2 (config-router)#net 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Type SH IP ROUTE
No Type 2 LSA (Network LSAs) are displayed. Type 2 LSAs are only
displayed for Broadcast Multi-access(BMA) or Non-Broadcast Multiaccess Networks(NBMA).
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 4.4.4.4/8
S 0/0 (.3)
R4
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R4 Configuration
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Page 102 of 197
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
Objective: Configuring OSPF with P-2-P and Ethernet networks. You also take
a look at the LSA Database
On R1
R1(config)#Router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#net 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R3
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#net 3.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R4
R4(config)#Router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#net 4.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Type SH IP ROUTE
How many Neighbors do you see and What are their States and
Designations
You should see Four Routers Advertising with the following Information
Network Description
Point-to-Point Connection
to another Router
Link ID
Neighboring
Routers ID
Connection to a Transit
Network
IP address of
the DRs
Interface
Connection to a Stub
Network
IP Address of
the Network
Link Data
IP Address of
originating Routers
Interface to the
Network
IP Address of the
Originating Routers
Interface to the
Network
Subnet Mask
On R2
R2(config)#Router rip
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#no net 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#no net 2.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
R2(config-router)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10 subnets
On All Routers
Redistribute RIP into OSPF and OSPF into RIP Using E1 routes
On R2
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#no redistribute rip metric 10
R2(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 10 metric-type 1
On All Routers
On R2
R2(config)#no router rip
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#no redistribute rip subnets metric-type 1
R2(config-router)#router eigrp 1
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On All Routers
On R2
R2(config)#no router eigrp 1
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#no redistribute eigrp 1 metric 10 metric-type 1
R2(config-router)#ip route 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.1.12.1
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On All Routers
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On All Routers
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
Do you see a 0.0.0.0 route in the routing table of R3 and R4. Is the
Gateway of Last resort set?
R3
R2
Frame-Relay
IP address
S0/0: 192.1.123.1/24
Local DLCI
102
Connecting to:
R2
103
R3
R2
201
R1
R3
301
R1
On R2
R2(config)#int S 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.1.123.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.123.1 201 broadcast
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.123.3 201
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#int loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.0.0.0
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.123.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R3
R3(config)#int S 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.1.123.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.123.1 301 broadcast
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.123.2 301
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#int loopback 0
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 114 of 197
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
How many networks do you see?
Type SH IP OSPF INT S 0/0?
What type of network is it? Does it send the OSPF routing packets?
On R1
R1(config)#int S 0/0
R1(config-if)#shut
R1(config-if)# IP OSPF Network broadcast
Rx(config-if)#no shut
Type SH IP ROUTE
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R2
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.123.1
On R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.123.1
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R2
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#no neighbor 192.1.123.1
On R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#no neighbor 192.1.123.1
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R2 and R3
Rx(config)#int S 0/0
Rx(config-if)#sh
Rx(config-if)#IP ospf network point-to-multipoint
Rx(config-if)#no IP ospf priority 0
Rx(config-if)#no shut
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
L0 1.1.0.0
L3 1.1.3.0/24
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 2.1.0.0
L3 2.1.3.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
Area 10
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0(.4)
L0 4.1.0.0
L3 4.1.3.0/24
R4
192.1.34.0/24
Area 100
L0 3.1.0.0
L3 3.1.3.0/24
S 0/0 (.3)
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.0.1
1.1.1.1
1.1.2.1
1.1.3.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.1.0.1
2.1.1.1
2.1.2.1
2.1.3.1
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
S 0/0
E 0/0
Area 0
R3 Configuration
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Page 120 of 197
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
E0/0
S 0/0
IP Address
3.1.0.1
3.1.1.1
3.1.2.1
3.1.3.1
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.1.0.1
4.1.1.1
4.1.2.1
4.1.3.1
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
Loopback 2
Loopback 3
S 0/0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 2.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 10
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
On R3
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
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Page 121 of 197
On All Routers
On All Routers
Type SH IP ROUTE
Does your routing table have all the entries to all the networks outside
your area?
L0 1.1.0.0
L1 1.1.1.0/24
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 2.1.0.0
L1 2.1.1.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
Area 10
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0(.4)
L0 4.1.0.0
L1 4.1.1.0/24
R4
192.1.34.0/24
Area 100
L0 3.1.0.0
L1 3.1.1.0/24
S 0/0 (.3)
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.0.1
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.1.0.1
2.1.1.1
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.1.0.1
3.1.1.1
192.1.23.3
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
E0/0
Area 0
S 0/0
192.1.34.3
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.1.0.1
4.1.1.1
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 10
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
On R3
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
R3(config-router)# redistribute connected subnets
On R4
R4(config)#Router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#net 4.1.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 100
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
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Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 125 of 197
On R1 and R4
Do you see the external Routes (2.1.0.0, 2.1.1.0, 3.1.0.0 and 3.1.1.0)?
On R3 and R4
Rx(config)#router ospf 1
Rx(config-router)#area 100 stub
On R1 and R4
Do you see the external Routes (2.1.0.0, 2.1.1.0, 3.1.0.0 and 3.1.1.0)?
What type of routes do you not see in the routing table of a stub area?
On R1 and R4
On R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#area 10 stub no-summary
On R1 and R4
What type of routes do you not see in the routing table of a Totally stub
area?
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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Page 127 of 197
L0 1.1.1.1/24
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 2.2.2.2/24
S 0/0 (.2)
RIP
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0(.4)
L0 4.4.4.4/24
R4
Area 10
192.1.34.0/24
S 0/0 (.3)
Area 0
L0 3.3.3.3/24
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
2.2.2.2
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
S 0/0
E 0/0
Loopback 0
R3 Configuration
Interface
E 0/0
S 0/0
Loopback 0
3.3.3.3
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
On R2
R2(config)#Router rip
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#net 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 1
R2(config-router)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.2 0.0.0.0 area 1
R2(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets
On R3
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
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Page 129 of 197
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 1
R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
On R4
R4(config)#Router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
R4(config-router)#redistribute connected subnets
On R3
Type SH IP ROUTE
Do you see External Routes from the ABR (R3) and from ASBR(R2)?
Configure Area 10 as a NSSA area. This will stop the ABR from
injecting the external routes from the backbone into Area 10.
Area 10 external routes should will be injected in a Type 7
routes in Area 10 and then converted back into Type when
send into the Backbone area.
On R3 and R4
Rx(config)#router ospf 1
Rx(config-router)#area 10 nssa
On R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R3
On R2
Do you still see the 4.0.0.0 network? What type of route is it?
What does the ABR do with the N routes (LSA Type 7)?
On R3
Do you see the RIP routes (1.0.0.0, 192.1.12.0) in the routing table?
On R4
On R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
On R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
What if you want to cut your Routing table by blocking the Inter-area
routes from getting injected into Area 10.
Type SH IP ROUTE
L0 1.1.0.0
L1 1.1.1.0/24
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 2.1.0.0
L1 2.1.1.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
Area 0
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
S 0/0(.4)
L0 4.1.0.0
L1 4.1.1.0/24
R4
192.1.34.0/24
Area 100
Area 10
L0 3.1.0.0
L1 3.1.1.0/24
S 0/0 (.3)
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
On R2
R2(config)#Router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.12.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R2(config-router)#net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 10
R2(config-router)#net 192.1.23.2 0.0.0.255 area 10
On R3
R3(config)#Router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.23.3 0.0.0.0 area 10
R3(config-router)#net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 10
R3(config-router)#net 192.1.34.3 0.0.0.0 area 100
On R4
R4(config)#Router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#net 192.1.34.4 0.0.0.0 area 100
R4(config-router)#net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 100
On R4
Type SH IP ROUTE.
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
Khawarb@khawarb.com
Page 135 of 197
On R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#area 10 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
On R4
Type SH IP ROUTE
Can you all the routes from the backbone area?
Can you ping 1.1.1.1?
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Module 6 BGP
IGP/EGP
DV/LS
OSPF
EIGRP
BGP
IGP
IGP
EGP
LS
Adv. DV
Adv. DV
Hierarchy
Required
Yes
No
No
Metric
Cost
Composite Path
Path Vectors or
Attributes
BGP Terminology
BGP METRICS
Known as Path Attributes
Four Categories of Path Attributes
Well-Known Mandatory
Well-Known Discretionary
Optional Tranistive
Optional Non-Transitive
WELL KNOW ATTRIBUTES
Recognized by al compliant BGP implementations
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
Khawarb@khawarb.com
Page 140 of 197
Highest Weight
Highest Local Preference
Route originated by the local router
Shortest AS-Path
Lowest Origin code ( IGP < EGP)
Lowest MED from other AS
EBGP over IBGP
The Path through the closest IGP Neighbor
Oldest route for EBGP
Path with the lowest Neighbor BGP Router ID
Useful Commands
Command
SH IP BGP
Clear IP BGP *
Description
Shows EGP Table
Clear EGP Table
Route Reflectors
BGP Split Horizon: Routes learned via IBGP are never propagated to other
IBGP Peers. Required to avoid Routing Loops.
In order to let IBGP routers to propagate routes within an Autonomous
System it requires a Full Mesh Topology or Use Route Reflectors.
Full Mesh topology result in many BGP sessions being created. This may
result in a significant amount of increased traffic which is not feasible for
slow WAN Links.
Route Reflectors modify BGP Spilt Horizon by allowing the router
configured as the route reflector to propagate routes learned by IBGP to
other IBGP Peers.
Prefix List
New in Cisco 12.0 IOS Release
Prefix list can be used as an alternative to access lists in many BGP
Route Filtering commands
You can use Show IP prefix-list detail command to see the prefix-list
entries.
Advantages include:
Significant Performance Improvement
Support for incremental modifications
More user-friendly command-line interface
Greater Flexibility
Configuration
Router BGP 100
Network 192.168.1.0
Neighbor 2.2.2.2 remote-as 200
Neighbor 2.2.2.2 prefix-list test out
IP Prefix-list test seq 5 permit 172.0.0.0 / 8
Copyrights Netscope FZ LLC 2007-2015
Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
Khawarb@khawarb.com
Page 143 of 197
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R1
L0 1.1.1.1/8
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
L0 2.2.2.2/8
S 0/0 (.2)
L1 12.1.0.1/16
L1 11.1.0.1/16
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0(.4)
L0 4.4.4.4/8
L1 14.1.0.1/16
E 0/0 (.3)
192.1.34.0/24
L0 3.3.3.3/8
S 0/0 (.3)
R4
R3
BGP Layout
AS 1
AS 2
R2
R1
R4
R3
AS 4
AS 3
L1 13.1.0.1/16
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
11.1.0.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
12.1.0.1
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
13.1.0.1
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
14.1.0.1
192.1.34.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
E 0/0
S 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
Loopback 1
S 0/0
On R2
R2(config)#Router bgp 2
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#no sync
R2(config-router)#bgp router-id 22.22.22.22
R2(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 12.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.12.1 remote-as 1
On R3
R3(config)#Router bgp 3
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#no sync
R3(config-router)#bgp router-id 33.33.33.33
R3(config-router)#network 13.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.23.2 remote-as 2
On R3
R3(config)#ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 192.1.34.4
R3(config)#Router bgp 3
R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 4
R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source loopback 0
R3(config-router)#neighbor 4.4.4.4 ebgp-multihop
On R4
R4(config)#ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 192.1.34.3
R4(config)#Router bgp 4
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#no sync
R4(config-router)#bgp router-id 44.44.44.44
R4(config-router)#network 14.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 remote-as 3
R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 update-source loopback 0
R4(config-router)#neighbor 3.3.3.3 ebgp-multiphop
On R2
R2(config)#Router bgp 2
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.12.1 password cisco-12
On R3
R3(config)#Router bgp 3
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.23.2 password cisco-23
On R4
R4(config)#Router bgp 4
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BGP Layout
R3
AS 234
AS 1
R3
R1
R2
R4
Disable BGP on all 4 routers. Also, delete the static routes for
network 4.0.0.0 on R3 and network 3.0.0.0 on R4.
On R1
R1(config)#no router bgp 1
On R2
R2(config)#no router bgp 2
On R3
R3(config)#no router bgp 3
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On R4
R4(config)#no router bgp 4
R4(config)#no ip route 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
On R2
R2(config)#Router bgp 234
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#no sync
R2(config-router)#bgp router-id 22.22.22.22
R2(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#network 12.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
R2(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.12.1 remote-as 1
On R3
R3(config)#Router RIP
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#network 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#network 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4(config)#Router RIP
R4(config-router)#no auto-summary
R4(config-router)#version 2
R4(config-router)#network 192.1.34.0
On R3
R3(config)#Router bgp 234
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
R3(config-router)#no sync
R3(config-router)#bgp router-id 33.33.33.33
R3(config-router)#network 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#network 13.1.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.23.2 remote-as 234
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.23.3 route-reflector-client
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.34.4 remote-as 234
R3(config-router)#neighbor 192.1.34.4 route-reflector-client
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
192.2.1.1/24
192.2.2.1/24
192.2.3.1/24
192.2.4.1/24
192.2.5.1/24
192.2.6.1/24
192.2.7.1/24
192.2.8.1/24
On R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback 1
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.1.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 2
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.2.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 3
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.3.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 4
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.4.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 5
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.5.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 6
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.6.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 7
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.7.1
R2(config-if)#interface Loopback 8
R2(config-if)# ip address 192.2.8.1
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
150.3.16.1/20
150.3.36.1/22
150.3.40.1/22
150.3.50.1/23
150.3.65.1/24
150.13.0.1/16
150.14.64.1/18
On R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback 1
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.3.16.1 255.255.240.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 2
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.3.36.1 255.255.252.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 3
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.3.40.1 255.255.252.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 4
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.3.50.1 255.255.254.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 5
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.3.65.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 6
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.13.0.1 255.255.0.0
R3(config-if)#interface Loopback 7
R3(config-if)# ip address 150.14.64.1 255.255.192.0
R3(config-router)#Network
R3(config-router)#Network
R3(config-router)#Network
R3(config-router)#Network
R1
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0(.1)
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 1.1.1.1/8
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
E 0/0 (.1)
192.1.23.0/24
192.1.14.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
E 0/0 (.4)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
L0 4.4.4.4/8
S 0/0(.4)
192.1.34.0/24
S 0/0 (.3)
R4
R3
BGP Layout
R2
AS 1
AS 234
R3
R1
R4
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
192.1.14.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
192.1.34.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
4.4.4.4
192.1.34.4
192.1.14.4
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
R4 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
Objective: Configure BGP in 2 ASs (1 and 234). Use MED to control incoming
traffic into AS 234.
On R3
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R3(config)#Router RIP
R3(config-router)#Version 2
R3(config-router)#No auto-summary
R3(config-router)#Network 192.1.23.0
R3(config-router)#Network 192.1.34.0
On R4
R4(config)#Router RIP
R4(config-router)#Version 2
R4(config-router)#No auto-summary
R4(config-router)#Network 192.1.34.0
On R2
R2(config)#Router BGP 234
R2(config-router)#No auto-summary
R2(config-router)#No sync
R2(config-router)#Network 2.0.0.0
R2(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.12.1 remote-as 1
R2(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.23.3 remote-as 234
R2(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.23.3 next-hop-self
On R3
R3(config)#Router BGP 234
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R3(config-router)#No auto-summary
R3(config-router)#No sync
R3(config-router)#Network 3.0.0.0
R3(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.23.2
R3(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.23.2
R3(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.34.4
R3(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.34.4
remote-as 234
route-reflector-client
remote-as 234
route-reflector-client
On R4
R4(config)#Access-list 1 permit 1.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
R4(config)#Route-map SETWT permit 10
R4(config-route-map)#Match address 1
R4(config-route-map)#Set weight 5000
R4(config-route-map)#Route-map SETWT permit 20
R4(config-route-map)#exit
R4(config)#Router BGP 234
R4(config-router)#Neighbor 192.1.14.1 route-map SETWT in
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
Additional Topics
IOS DHCP Server
Command Syntax:
Router(config)#IP dhcp pool pool name
Router(dhcp-config)#network network address /Prefix mask
Router(dhcp-config)#default-router Routers Address
Router(dhcp-config)#netbios-name-server Name Server Address
Router(dhcp-config)#netbios-node-type Node-type
Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server Dns Server Address
Router(dhcp-config)#lease Days hours minutes
Router(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address Low-address High-address
Helper Addresses
If a client needs to reach a server and does not know the servers
address the client uses a broadcast to find the servers address. By
default, a router will drop the broadcast packet. Helper addresses
allow connectivity by forwarding these broadcasts as unicast packets
Server Locations
Single Server on a Single Remote Network: Clients need to connect to
only one server on a Remote Network.
Multiple Servers on a Single Remote Networks: Multiple servers on
the Remote Network, either of the same type or different types.
Multiple Servers on Multiple Remote Media: Two servers on two
separate Networks.
Command Syntax:
IP helper-address Address
Route Maps
Route maps can be used for both Redistribution and for Policy Routing.
You have Addresses and Inverse Masks in Access Lists whereas you have
Match Statements in a Route Map.
Like an Access List, there is an Implicit deny any at the end of a route
map.
Unlike Access Lists Route Maps can be edited without reentering the
whole Access Lists.
Command Syntax:
Policy Routing
Authored By:
Khawar Butt
R1
S 0/0(.1)
R2
192.1.12.0/24
S 0/0 (.2)
E 0/0(.1)
E 0/0(.1)
192.1.11.0/24
192.1.22.0/24
Objective:
Configure a Routers as a DHCP Server and assign IP Configurations to local
and remote subnets. Configure a Router to forward broadcast from remote
subnets to a DHCP Server.
R1(config-router)#no auto-summary
R1(config-router)#network 192.1.11.0
R1(config-router)#network 192.1.12.0
R2 Basic Configuration
R2(config)#int S 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip addr 192.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#int E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip addr 192.1.22.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#Router RIP
R2(config-router)#version 2
R2(config-router)#no auto-summary
R2(config-router)#network 192.1.12.0
R2(config-router)#network 192.1.22.0
R1 DHCP Configuration
R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.1.11.1 192.1.11.10
R1(config)#IP dhcp pool ABC
R1(dhcp-config)#network 192.1.11.0 /24
R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.1.11.1
R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.1.11.5
R1(dhcp-config)#lease 3 12
R1(dhcp-config)#exit
Objective:
Also, configure R1 as a DHCP Server for the 192.1.22.0/24 network. The pool
should start giving addresses from 192.1.22.11 192.1.22.254. It should
assign 192.1.22.1 as the default gateway and 192.1.22.5 as the DNS Server.
Use a lease time of 3 and a half days. Make sure R2 forwards the DHCP
requests to R1 DHCP.
R1 DHCP Configuration
R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 192.1.22.1 192.1.22.10
R1(config)#IP dhcp pool DEF
R1(dhcp-config)#network 192.1.22.0 /24
R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.1.22.1
R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 192.1.22.5
R1(dhcp-config)#lease 3 12
R1(dhcp-config)#exit
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Check the Addresses against the addresses assigned by the IOS DHCP
Server.
Make sure the addresses are not from the excluded range
R1
S 0/0(.1)
192.1.12.0/24
L0 1.1.1.1/8
S 0/1(.1)
192.1.112.0/24
R2
S 0/0 (.2)
S 0/1 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
L0 3.3.3.3/8
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
S 0/1
IP Address
1.1.1.1
192.1.12.1
192.1.112.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
192.1.112.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
3.3.3.3
192.1.23.3
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
S 0/1
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
R2( config-route-map)#exit
R2(config)#int E0/0
R2(config-if)#ip policy route-map PBR
On R2
Type Debug ip packet (Look for the interface used to send the packet to
1.1.1.1 when R3 sends the ping).
On R3
Notice all traffic from R3 with a source address of 3.3.3.3 goes through S
0/0.
R1
L0 10.0.0.1/8
S 0/0(.1)
192.1.12.0/24
R2
S 0/0 (.2)
L0 2.2.2.2/8
E 0/0 (.2)
192.1.23.0/24
E 0/0 (.3)
L0 192.168.1.0/24
R3
R1 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
IP Address
10.0.0.1
192.1.12.1
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
2.2.2.2
192.1.12.2
192.1.23.2
Subnet Mask
255.0.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
IP Address
192.168.1.1
192.1.23.3
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.0
R2 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
S 0/0
E 0/0
R3 Configuration
Interface
Loopback 0
E 0/0
On R3
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.1.23.2
On R3
R3(config)#interface Tunnel13
R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.0.3 255.255.0.0
R3(config-if)#tunnel source 192.1.23.3
R3(config-if)#tunnel destination 192.1.12.1
R3(config-if)#tunnel key 1234
On R3
R3(config)#router rip
R3(config-router)#version 2
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0
R3(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0
R3(config-router)#no auto-summary
On R1 and R3
Type Show IP route. Do you see the private networks from each other.
Lab 4 NAT
(Builds on Lab 3)
Objective: Configure NAT and PAT on R1 and R3 to route traffic from the
private networks to the Internet (R2 2.2.2.2).
On R1
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On R3
R1
Lo 0
R2
E 0/0
Lo 0
E 0/0
S 0/0.1
2000:192:1:12::/64
Frame
2000:192:1:23::/64
S 0/0.1
2000:192:1:34::/64
Lo 0
E 0/0
Lo 0
E 0/0
R4
R3
Objective: Configure IPv6 on the Routers. Run RIPng to route between the
networks.
R1
R2
R3
R4
2001:1:1:12::1
2001:1:1:12::2
2001:1:1:34::3
2001:1:1:34::4
/64
/64
/64
/64
On R1
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#Interface E 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:12::1/64
R1(config-if)#no shut
On R2
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R2(config)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:12::2/64
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R2(config-if)#no shut
On R3
R3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:34::3/64
R3(config-if)#no shut
On R4
R4(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R4(config)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:34::4/64
R4(config-if)#no shut
R1
R2
R3
R4
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
2001:1:1:1::/64
2001:2:2:2::/64
2001:3:3:3::/64
2001:4:4:4::/64
On R1
R1(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:1::/64 eui-64
On R2
R2(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:2:2:2::/64 eui-64
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:3:3:3::/64 eui-64
On R4
R4(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:4:4:4::/64 eui-64
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On R3
R3(config)#Interface S 0/0
R3(config-if)#encap frame-relay
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#interface S 0/0.1 point-to-point
R3(config-subif)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:23::3/64
R3(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 302
E
E
E
E
0/0,
0/0,
0/0,
0/0,
Loopback
Loopback
Loopback
Loopback
0
0, S 0/0.1
0, S 0/0.1
0
On R1
R1(config)#Interface Loopback0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R1(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
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On R2
R2(config)#Interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R2(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R2(config-if)#Interface S 0/0.1
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#Interface S 0/0.1
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R4
R4(config)#Interface Loopback0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R4(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On All Routers
Type Show IPv6 Route rip. Do you see all the IPv6 routes learned thru
RIPng?
On R2
R2(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R2(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R2(config-if)#Interface S 0/0.1
R2(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#Interface S 0/0.1
R3(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R4
R4(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R4(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#No ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R1
R1(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R1(config-if)# Interface E 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
On R2
R2(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R2(config-if)# Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R2(config-if)# Interface S 0/0.1
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
On R3
R3(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R3(config-if)# Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R3(config-if)# Interface S 0/0.1
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
On R4
R4(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R4(config-if)# Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
On R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On R4
R4(config)#interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On All Routers
Type Show IPv6 Route ospf. Do you see all the IPv6 routes learned thru
OSPFv3?
R1
Lo 0
R2
E 0/0
Lo 0
E 0/0
S 0/0
2000:1:1:12::/64
Frame
192.1.23.0/24
S 0/0
2000:1:1:34::/64
Lo 0
E 0/0
Lo 0
E 0/0
R4
R3
Objective: IPv6 is running between R1-R2 and between R3-R4. IPv4 is running
between R2-R3. You need to connect the 2 IPv6 networks over a IPv4 network
using a Tunnel.
R1
R2
R3
R4
2001:1:1:12::1
2001:1:1:12::2
2001:1:1:34::3
2001:1:1:34::4
/64
/64
/64
/64
On R1
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#Interface E 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:12::1/64
R1(config-if)#no shut
On R2
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
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Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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R2(config)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:12::2/64
R2(config-if)#no shut
On R3
R3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:34::3/64
R3(config-if)#no shut
On R4
R4(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R4(config)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:34::4/64
R4(config-if)#no shut
R1
R2
R3
R4
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
Loopback0
2001:1:1:1::1/64
2001:2:2:2::2/64
2001:3:3:3::3/64
2001:4:4:4::4/64
On R1
R1(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:1::1/64
On R2
R2(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:2:2:2::2/64
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:3:3:3::3/64
On R4
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R4(config)#Interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:4:4:4::4/64
E
E
E
E
0/0,
0/0,
0/0,
0/0,
Loopback
Loopback
Loopback
Loopback
0
0
0
0
On R1
R1(config)#Interface Loopback0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R1(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R2
R2(config)#Interface Loopback0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R2(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Loopback0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R4
R4(config)#Interface Loopback0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R4(config-if)#Interface E 0/0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
On R2
R2(config)#Interface S 0/0
R2(config-if)#ip address 192.1.23.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#encap frame-relay
R2(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.23.3 203
R2(config-if)#no shut
On R3
R3(config)#Interface S 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 192.1.23.3 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#encap frame-relay
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ip 192.1.23.2 302
R3(config-if)#no shut
On R3
R3(config)#Interface Tunnel 23
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:23:23:23::3/64
R3(config-if)#tunnel source S 0/0
R3(config-if)# tunnel destination 192.1.23.2
R3(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1234 enable
R3(config-if)#tunnel mode IPv6IP
On All Routers
Type Show IPv6 Route rip. Do you see all the IPv6 routes learned thru
RIPng?
R2
R4
Frame-Relay
R3
IP address
R1
Local
DLCI
102
103
104
R2
201
R3
301
R4
401
Connecting to:
R2
R3
R4
R1
R3
R1
R2
R1
On R1
R1(config)#IPv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#Interface S0/0
R1(config-if)#Encapsulation frame-relay
R1(config-if)#No frame-relay inverse
R1(config-if)#No shut
R1(config-if)#Int S0/0.14 point-to-point
R1(config-subif)#Ipv6 address 2001:192:1:14::1/64
R1(config-subif)#Frame-relay interface-dlci 104
On R4
R4(config)#IPv6 unicast-routing
R4(config)#Interface S0/0
R4(config-if)#Encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#No frame-relay inverse
R4(config-if)#Ipv6 address 2001:192:1:14::4/64
R4(config-if)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:14::1 401 broadcast
R4(config-if)#No shut
On R1
R1(config)#Int S0/0.123 multipoint
R1(config-subif)#Ipv6 address 2001:192:1:123::1/64
R1(config-subif)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::2 102 broad
R1(config-subif)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::3 103 broad
On R2
R2(config)#IPv6 unicast-routing
R2(config)#Interface S0/0
R2(config-if)#Encapsulation frame-relay
R2(config-if)#No frame-relay inverse
R2(config-if)#Ipv6 address 2001:192:1:123::2/64
R2(config-if)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::1 201 broadcast
R2(config-if)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::3 201
R2(config-if)#No shut
On R3
R3(config)#IPv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#Interface S0/0
R3(config-if)#Encapsulation frame-relay
R3(config-if)#No frame-relay inverse
R3(config-if)#Ipv6 address 2001:192:1:123::3/64
R3(config-if)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::1 301 broadcast
R3(config-if)#Frame-relay map ipv6 2001:192:1:123::2 301
R3(config-if)#No shut
Configure the routers in OSPFv3 area 0 and advertise their directly
connected interfaces in this area. Also Configure Loopbacks on all 4
Routers using the 2001:X:X:X::X/64 format
On R1
R1(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:1:1:1::1/64
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R1(config-if)# Interface S 0/0.14
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Website: http://www.netscopeme.com
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On R2
R2(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:2:2:2::2/64
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R2(config-if)# Interface S 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R2(config-if)# Frame-relay map ipv6 Link-Local 201
R2(config-subif)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-multipoint
(Find the Link-Local Address for R1 by using Show IPv6 int brief on R1.
This is required for OSPFv3 Neighbor relationship to be established)
On R3
R3(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:3:3:3::3/64
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R3(config-if)# Interface S 0/0
R3config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R3(config-if)# Frame-relay map ipv6 Link-Local 301
R3(config-subif)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-multipoint
(Find the Link-Local Address for R1 by using Show IPv6 int brief on R1.
This is required for OSPFv3 Neighbor relationship to be established)
On R4
R4(config)#IPv6 router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
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R4(config-router)#Interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001:4:4:4::4/64
R4(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R4(config-if)# Interface S 0/0
R4config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area
R4(config-if)# Frame-relay map ipv6 Link-Local 401
R4(config-subif)# ipv6 ospf network point-to-point
On R2
R2(config)#interface Loopback 0
R2(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On R3
R3(config)#interface Loopback 0
R3(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On R4
R4(config)#interface Loopback 0
R4(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-point
On All Routers
Type Show IPv6 Route ospf. Do you see all the IPv6 routes learned thru
OSPFv3?
On R2, Type Show ip route. The output displays that network the
summarized address for the new loopbacks.
R2
Routing Table
i L2
C
C
i L2