Lecture Aid Neuro

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
College of Nursing
Nicanor Mian-Domingo III, MAN, RN
Lecture aid: NEUROLOGIC NURSING
Name: __________________________________
Date: ____________
1. Concussion temporary loss of __________________ (within ___

minutes to ___ hours)
When the frontal lobe is affected:
HEAD INJURIES
Common in __________
Trauma more common in ____________________
Hospital head injuries _____________
Monro-Kellie hypothesis
2. Contusion - _____________________________________________________
Blunt injuries
It may last from ___ to ___ hours
College of Nursing
-loss of ____ reflex

INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES
-Seizure precaution
-Nutritional support
S
I
SPINAL CORD INJURY
Management of intracranial hemorrhage:

-FOB
-Cervical collar
-Cervical X-rays
-Stabilization of neurologic, cardiovascular, renal system
-Cerebral oxygenation
-Herniation
More common in _______ ; ________________ accidents

Paralysis of the lower body ___________________________
Paralysis of all of the extremities ______________________
Factors affecting SCI
-A
-G
-A
-Brain death
-coma
-loss of ________________
Major cause of death among SCI patients are _______________ and

_______________.
2
College of Nursing
Anterior cord syndrome

Pathophysiology
Contusion
Assessment and Diagnostic Findings
Laceration
-CT-scan
Compression
Destruction of myelin and axonal bodies
-MRI
-12-Lead EKG
Management
-S
Clinical manifestations
-J
Paralysis
-Immobilization
-Cervical collar
-IV Corticosteroids ___________________________
-Respiratory therapy
Brown-sequard
-V
Caliber
College of Nursing
-Gardner-Wells tongs
Nursing management
-H
-Promoting adequate airway clearance
Vest
-
-clearing spasms
Management of complications of SCI
-suctioning
-Spinal shock
-coughing and deep breathing
-Neurogenic shock
-monitor airway
-DVT
-Mobility
-foot drops
Nursing diagnosis
1.
-contractures
-Sensory and Perceptual
2.
-hearing aids
3.
-magic slates and boards
4.
-emotional support
5.
6.
-Urinary elimination
-neurogenic bladder
College of Nursing
-Others:
-K
Thrombophlebitis
-B
-P
-O
Orthostatic hypotension
-S
INFECTIOUS NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS
-N
-B
Management
-V
-C
1.) Meningitis
(Dexamethasone)
Two most common etiologic agents:
-S
______________________________ and ___________________________
-I
If meningitis has adrenal damage, circulatory collapse, and

hemorrhages, it is then called
___________________________________________
-Prevention of complications such as Pneumonia and SIADH
2.) Meningococcemia
-N
3.) Brain abscess
College of Nursing
-Otitis media
-Rhinosinusitis
4.) Creutzfeldt-Jakod Disease
1.) Multiple Sclerosis progressive deterioration of ___________

sheath.
This sheath is a fatty, protein material that surrounds certain
nerve fibers in the brain and the spinal cord.
-Prion
Cause is _____________
-Spongiform changes
Maybe ______________
Management
AUTOIMMUNE PROCESSES
Pathophysiology
*DEMYELINATION
Depends on the location of the lesion:
-fatigue, depression, weakness, pain, spasticity
-numbness, loss of balance, ataxia
-diplopia
College of Nursing
-patchy or total blindness

-suicide
Nursing Diagnosis
FATIGUE AND DOUBLE VISION
1.
-heat!
2.
-depression
3.
Management
4.
-No cure for MS, just delay the progression
5.
Symptom management:
Baclofen
Dantrolene
Management
Beta blockers (spasms)
-Promoting physical mobility pressure ulcers
Anti-infectives (UTI)
-Minimizing contractures and spasticity
*Methylprednisolone
-Preventing injury (Prism glasses pp.1961)
*Mitoxantrone
-Swallowing
College of Nursing
-Home management (exposure to heat and cold)
-weakness of facial muscles

-dysphonia
-hypersalivation
-ptosis
2.) Myasthenia Gravis myoneural junction

Management
-anticholinesterase
-immunosuppressive therapy
-plasmapheresis
ACh
-thymectomy
-thymoma
Pharmacologic therapy
-Ocular manifestations
-Pyridostigmine/neostigmine
College of Nursing
- it provides symptomatic relief by inhibiting the breakdown of

Ach and increasing its availability.
4 x a day
Schwann cells are spared. Cell-mediated and humoral immune attack

on peripheral myelin proteins causes inflammatory demyelination (pp.
1967).
-Corticosteroids
____________________ paralysis
-IVIG
Management
-IVIG
Activity:
-MV
Cholinergic and Myasthenic Crisis
-Plasmapheresis
Nursing Diagnosis
1.
2.
3.) Guillain-Barre Syndrome peripheral demyelination
Maybe due to viral infection: Campylobacter jejuni, H. influenza
Pathophysiology
3.
CRANIAL NERVE DISORDERS
1. Trigeminal neuralgia
College of Nursing
Other name: Tic Douloureux

-paroxysms made by deterioration or trauma to ____ cranial
nerve
-paroxysms
Management
-avoid
-pharmacologic therapy : ____________________ (Tegretol)
___________________ (Neurontin)
___________________ (Dilantin)
Surgical Management: Microvascular decompression, Radiofrequency
Thermal Coagulation, Percutaneous Balloon Microcompression
2. Bells Palsy unilateral inflammation of the ___ cranial nerve.
Management: Steroids, eye protection, goggles
Avoid:
10

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NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1. Concussion temporary loss of __________________ (within ___

Trauma more common in ____________________

Hospital head injuries _____________

It may last from ___ to ___ hours

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

-loss of ____ reflex

SPINAL CORD INJURY

Management of intracranial hemorrhage:

More common in _______ ; ________________ accidents

Major cause of death among SCI patients are _______________ and

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Anterior cord syndrome

Assessment and Diagnostic Findings

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

-Promoting adequate airway clearance

Management of complications of SCI

-coughing and deep breathing

-magic slates and boards

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

INFECTIOUS NEUROLOGIC DISORDERS

Two most common etiologic agents:

______________________________ and ___________________________

If meningitis has adrenal damage, circulatory collapse, and

-Prevention of complications such as Pneumonia and SIADH

3.) Brain abscess

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1.) Multiple Sclerosis progressive deterioration of ___________

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

-patchy or total blindness

-No cure for MS, just delay the progression

Beta blockers (spasms)

-Promoting physical mobility pressure ulcers

-Minimizing contractures and spasticity

-Preventing injury (Prism glasses pp.1961)

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

-Home management (exposure to heat and cold)

-weakness of facial muscles

2.) Myasthenia Gravis myoneural junction

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

- it provides symptomatic relief by inhibiting the breakdown of

Schwann cells are spared. Cell-mediated and humoral immune attack

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Other name: Tic Douloureux

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1. Concussion temporary loss of ________________ (within _

It may last from _ to _ hours

More common in _ ; __________ accidents

____ and _