CFB Boiler Technology

Morupule B, 4x150 MWe

Januar 2014
Doosan Lentjes GmbH
D-DD1

Basic Flow Sheet of CFB Power Plant

Coal Fuel Oil

Supply Supply

Electrical
Output

Generator

Water
Demineralizing

Steam Turbine

Process
water

G
Condenser

Electrical
Aux.

Cooling tower

CFB

HP
Feedwater
Heaters

Drum

PA
fan

Ash Limestone Fuel

Furnace

Sea
water

Boiler
Feed
Pump

LP
Feedwater
Heaters

Condensate
Pump

Cooling
Water Pump

SA
fan

Back pass

Fabric Filter

ID fan

Stack

Silos
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Fluid Bed Systems

Gas
Gas
Gas
Gas

Fuel &
Sorbent

Velocity [m/s]

Fuel

Velocity

10 -

Air
Fuel &
Sorbent

Air Ash

Air Ash

8 - 10 ft/ sec
(2.3 - 3.0 m/ s)

4 - 10 ft/ sec
(1.2 - 3.0 m/ s)

Classical
Fluid Bed

Air
Fuel

Air Ash
15 - 23 ft/ sec
(4.6 - 7.0 m/ s)

Circulating
Fluid Beds

Ash
15 - 33 ft/ sec
(4.6 - 10.0 m/ s)

Transport
Reactor

5Slip Velocity

Increased
Solids Loading

0Increasing Expansion
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Primary ash loop

20 t/h fly ash

7020 t/h ash

Combustor

Cyclone
Types of ash in CFB process:

dp 140
mbar

Bed ash > 400 m

- Bed ash has to be drained from combustor bottom

=
~240 t

Seal Pot

Fly ash < 90 m

- Will leave the primar ash loop together with flue gas

7000 t/h circulating ash

90 m < Circulating ash < 400 m
- Most important for the CFB process!!!

12 t/h bed ash

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Environmental Features of CFB

Coal
Air
Boiler Feedwater

Conventional
boiler

Steam Ash

Flue gas
desulphurization

Lime
stone

Gypsum

Typical Emission Limits

DeNOx
plant

SCR

Flue Gas

Stack

SO2
200 mg/Nm3
CO
50-250 mg/Nm3
NOx 150-300 mg/Nm3
Dust 20- 50 mg/Nm3

Coal
Air
Limestone

CFB
boiler

Flue Gas

Integrated Environmental
Protection

Boiler Feedwater

Steam Ash

Stack

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CFB inherent desulfurisation by limestone adding

Combusted
sulfur
Inherent
capture

Sulfur capture
by added limestone

Relative Sorbent Flowrate

Inorganic sulfur
(not combusted)

Total sulfur input

5
4
3
2
1
0
650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000
Temperature (C)

CFB Furnace

Emitted SO2

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Combustion Control: FBHE with Spiess Valve

Combustor

Convective
Pass

Cyclone

Combustor

Convective
Pass

Cyclone

FBHE
850C

850C

QWBK =

QNSHF =

QFBK =

k x A x (850 - WD)

m RG x cp,RG x (850 - RG,aus)

mASH x cp,ASH

QWBK =

QNSHF =

k x A x (850 - WD)

mRG x cp,RG x (850 - RG,aus)

x (850 - 550)

with Spiess Valve

without Spiess Valve

Combustion Temperature Control

by ash mass flow

no Combustion Temperature Control

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Development of the FBHE Design

CFB Boiler Technology 11/2013

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Spiess Valve

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Optimized high efficient circular Cyclone

Cyclone Efficiency
the key-issue
for low ash fuel combustion
in CFBC
CFB Boiler Technology 11/2013

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10

CFB Boiler Concepts- Comparison of 3D Models

Morupule

RPM CFB

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11

150 MWe Compact design, 2 cyclone, 2 FBHEs

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12

12

250 MWe Pantleg design, 4 cyclones, 4 FBHEs

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13

Patented Pant Leg Design for Large Furnaces

Uniform and proper Distribution of
- Fuel
- Limestone
- Recirculated Ash
Optimised Penetration of
Combustion Air
Symmetrical optimized Flow Pattern
Contributes to:
- low Emission Values
- best Carbon Burn-out
- uniform Flue-Gas Distribution
to Cyclones

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14

Inside the combustor

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15

Heat up curve (Important for refractory protection)

Membrane wall
Refractory
covered

min. bed material level

for nozzle protection
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16

Fluidising nozzle (design for equal air distribution and low ash backflow)

N ozzle Head
(heat resistant ca st iron)

N ozzle Tube
Insert

N ozzle Tube

Refractory

Fluidizing Air Flow

CFB Boiler Technology 11/2013

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17

FBHE (ash side)

ASH FROM SEAL POT SPIESSVALVE ~850C

ASH TO COMBUSTOR ~400C

FLUIDISING AIR
TO FBHE WINDBOX

ASH DRAIN FROM

WINDBOX

ASH DRAIN FROM

BUNDLE CHAMBER

CFB Boiler Technology 11/2013

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18

Combustor windbox

CFB Boiler Technology 11/2013

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19

Thank you