Name:

___________
Sekolah Menengah Seri Omega

Teacher: WL Cheng
Class : 4A
Lesson No.:11
Date : 27/2/09
Time : 11.30 12.40

Subject: Mathematics
Chapter:4
Topic: Mathematical Reasoning (1)

Sub-topic: 4.1 Statements

4.1a Statements and Truth Values

Notes:-

(d) Heptagons have 5 diagonals.

1.A statement is a sentence which is either

true or false but not both.
2.Sentences which are questions, instructions
and exclamations are not statements.
Exercise 4.1a

(e) Find the area of a circle with a radius of

7cm.

1.Determine whether the following sentences

are statements or not. Give a reason for your
answer.
(a) 4+2=8

(b) A triangle has 3 sides.

(f) Is 58 divisible by 4?

(g) So wide!
(c) The exterior angle of a regular hexagon is
60.

4.1b Statements using Numbers and

Mathematical Symbols

2. State whether the following statements are

true or false.

Notes:True and false statements can be

constructed with numbers and
mathematical symbols.

(a) A nonagon has 11 sides.

Exercise 4.1b
(b) -23 > -48
1. Write (i) a true statement and (ii) a false
statement involving the following numbers
and mathematical symbols.
(a) l, 8, 9, - ,=

(c) 4 x (-10) < 3 x (-10)

(b) 2, -4, -, 6, =

(d) {m} {p, q , r}

(e) The angle subtended by the diameter of a

circle at the circumference is 180.

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(c)

2
, , , 1
4

(d) {prime numbers} {2}, ,

{even numbers },=
(c) 33

2
(d) 4

(e)

53 ,

16

9, 1,

1
2

3. Complete the following mathematical

statements using the symbols = or in the
boxes to construct false statements.
1
(a)
3

2 .Complete the following mathematical

statements using the symbols > or < in the
boxes to construct true statements.
2 x 5
(a) 25 5

(b) 11 16
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4

8

11

(b) - 3 x ( - 2 )

(c) 4 x 2

0
3

-6

(d) 32+22

9 + l2

Answer

4.2a Statements using All and Some

1. Quantifiers are words that denote the
number of objects or cases referred to in a
given statement.

Exercise 4.1a

2. The words all, any and ever are

quantifiers which illustrate that each and
every object or case satisfies the given
condition.
3. The words some, several, one of and
part of are quantifiers that illustrate that
not all but at least one object or case
satisfies the given condition.

Exercise 4.1b

Exercise 4.2a
1.Complete each of the following statements
using the quantifiers all or 'some' to make the
statement true.
(a) ________polygons have the sum of all me
exterior angles that equals 360.
(b) _______polygons have 15 sides.
(c) _______ numbers that can be divided
exactly by 2 are prime numbers.

2.

Based on the above Venn diagram, complete

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each of the following statements using the

quantifiers all or some to make the
statement:
(a) true
______ elements of H are elements of G.

(d) All factors of 2 are factors of 20.

(b) false
_______ elements of G are elements of H.

3. Determine whether the following statements

are true or false.
(a) All cubes of negative numbers are
negative.

(e) All multiples of 2 are multiples of 20.

(b) Some numbers divisible by 3 are prime

numbers.

(c) Some polygons have straight sides.

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(f) Some multiples of 2 are multiples of 20.

(g) Some factors of 2 are factors of 20.

5

3. The product of a whole number multiplied

by two is an even number.

4.2b Generalising Statements using All

4. Pyramid PQRST has 5 faces.

1 When a statement is generalised using the

quantifier all its truth value may change.
Example
(a) Even numbers are divisible by 2.
This statement can be generalised to All
even numbers are divisible by 2.
(b) Polygon ABC has 3 sides
This statement cannot be generalised to
All polygons have 3 sides.

5. Factors of 9 are factors of 18.

Exercise 4.2b
Determine whether each of the following
statements can be generalised using the
quantifier all without changing its truth value.
1. Rhombus ABCD has diagonals that bisect at
90.
6. Multiples of 9 are multiples of 18.

2. 8, an even number, is not divisible by 16.

4.2c Constructing True Statements using

All and Some
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Notes:a) All is used when each and every object

has the given property.
b) Some is used when several or at least
one object has the given property.

Exercise 4.2c
Write a true statement using the quantifiers 'all'
or 'some', given an object and a property.
1. Object: fraction
Property: has a numerator and a denominator

4. Object: polygons
Property: exterior angles add up to 360

2. Object: positive numbers

Property: integers

5. Object: multiples of 12
Property: multiples of 6

3. Object: equilateral triangle

Property: each interior angle equals 60

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6. Object: factors of 4
Property: factors of 3
7

Q1:
Farrrler Taylor of Burra has two tanks.
Water from the roof of his farmhouse is \
collected in a l00kL tank and water from the
roof of his barn is collected in a 25 kL
tank. The collecting area of his farmhouse
roof is 200 square metres while that of his
barn is 80 square metres. Currently, there
are 35 kL in the farmhouse tank and 13 kL
in the barn tank.
Rain is forecast and he wants to collect as
much water as possible. He should:
(a) empty the barn tank into the farmhouse
tank
(b) fill the barn tank from the farmhouse
tank
(c) pump 10 kL from the farmhouse tank
into the barn tank
(d) pump 10 kL from the barn tank into the
farmhouse tank
(e) do nothing

Answer
Exercise 4.2a
1 (a) All (b) Some (c) Some
2 (a) Some (b) Some
3 (a) True (b) True (c) False
(d) True (e) False (f) True
(g) False

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Exercise4.2b
1 can
2 cannot
4 cannot 5 can

3 can
6 cannot

Exercise 4.2c
1 All fractions have a numerator and a
denominator.
2 Some positive numbers are integers.
3 All equilateral triangles have interior
angles equal to 60.
4 All polygons have exterior angles that
add up to 360.
5 All multiples of 12 are multiples of 6.
6 Some factors of 4 are factors of 3.

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