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Qiuxu 2
Qiuxu 2
1627
Original article
Regional homogeneity analysis on acupoint specificity with
resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
REN Xiu-jun, CHEN Hong-yan, WANG Bao-guo, ZHAO Bai-xiao, LI Shao-wu, ZHANG Lei, DAI Jian-ping,
LIU Xiao-yuan and LUO Fang
Keywords: acupoint; functional magnetic resonance imaging; transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation
Background The mechanism of acupuncture analgesia in craniotomy has been widely studied. However, the
theoretical basis for selection of acupoints has not been examined. In this study, we used the regional homogeneity
method blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals to determine changes in brain activity in response to
transcutaneous electrical stimulation on acupoints and non-acupoints in resting state functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI).
Methods Twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. BOLD fMRI scanning of the brain was performed for
306 seconds before and 30 minutes after transcutaneous electrical stimulation on acupoints UB63 (Jinmen), LV3 (Tai
chong), ST36 (Zusanli), and GB40 (Qiuxu). The procedure was repeated after one week with stimulation on
non-acupoints (one was 9 above BL67, the second was 12 above BL67 (Kunlun), the third was 7 above KI3, and the
fourth was 10 above KI3 (Taixi)).
Results The regional homogeneity in the acupoint group was increased in the left thalamus, caudate, putamen,
lentiform nucleus (BA19, 30, 39), postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus (BA3, 4, 30, 32), calcarine fissure, middle temporal
gyrus (BA30), right superior temporal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus (BA38), cuneus, and precuneus (BA7, 19) when
compared to the non-acupoint group. The regional homogeneity of the acupoint group was decreased in the left
cerebellum posterior lobe, middle frontal gyrus (BA10), double-side precuneus (BA7), and the postcentral gyrus (BA40).
Conclusions The brain region activated following acupoint stimulation is the ipsilateral pain-related brain region, which
may relate to the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on pain relief. Further acupoint stimulation causes different central
nervous responses compared to non-acupoint stimulation.
Chin Med J 2012;125(9):1627-1632
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METHODS
Subjects
Twelve healthy and right-handed volunteers (2 male and
10 female; age (24.251.71) years, range 22.5425.96
years) were enrolled in this study. All subjects randomly
received acupoint stimulation, and after 1-week recovery
received non-acupoint stimulation. No patient had a
history of neurological illness, head injury, substance
abuse, history of chronic pain, or long-term use of
analgesics. All subjects gave written informed consent,
and the study was approved by the Ethical Committee of
Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University.
Experimental protocol
All subjects underwent two scanning sessions (one
electric acupoint stimulation session and one electric
non-acupoint stimulation session, order balanced) 7 days
apart. Each session consisted of two scans (before and
after EAS). The EAS stimulation time was 30 minutes.
The experimental protocol is summarized in Figure 1.
Stimuli
Electrodes with a 3 mm 3 mm area were placed on the
acupoints and non-acupoints in the left leg. Hans
acupoint nerve stimulator (HANS LH202H, Huawei Co.
Ltd., Beijing, China) was used to stimulate the points
with a frequency of 2100 Hz. The stimuli were
habituated in each subject with a test protocol before the
formal experiment. No subject reported any additional
pressure by the thermode other than the light touch
contact. The intensity was adjusted to a maximal but
comfortable level. No noxious or any unpleasant feeling
was allowed. BL63 (or Jinmen, on the lateral aspect of
the foot, directly below the anterior border of the external
malleolus, lateral to the lower border of the cuboid bone)
and LV3 (or Taichong, on the dorsum of the foot, in the
depression proximal to the first metatarsal space) were
stimulated with 39 mA ((5.832.17) mA) intensity.
ST36 (or Zusanli, on the anterior lateral aspect of the leg,
3 cm below ST35 (Dubi), one finger breadth (middle
finger) from the anterior crest of the tibia) and GB40 (or
Qiuxu, on the foot, anterior and inferior to the external
malleolus, in the depression on the lateral side of the
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(R )
i
n( R ) 2
1 2 3
K ( n n)
12
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BA
MNI
Cluster t-Score of
Coordinates of
size peak voxel
peak voxel
102
4.5705 9 78 51
59
3.5023 27 6 45
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