1)Aclosed,rigidcontainerofvolume0.5m3isplacedonahotplate.

Initially,thecontainerholdsa
twophasemixtureofsaturatedliquidwaterandsaturatedwatervaporatp1=1barwithaquality
of0.5.Afterheating,thepressureinthecontainerisp2=1.5bar.Indicatetheinitialandfinalstates
onaTvdiagram,anddetermine
(a)thetemperature,inC,ateachstate.
(b)themassofvaporpresentateachstate,inkg.
(c) If heating continues, determine the pressure, in bar, when the container holds only saturated
vapor.

2)Foracertainexperiment,R22vaporiscontainedinasealedglasstubeat20C.Itisdesired
toknowthepressureatthiscondition,butthereisnomeansofmeasuringit,sincethetubeis
sealed.However,ifthetubeiscooledto20Csmalldropletsofliquidareobservedontheglass
walls.Whatistheinitialpressure?

3)Acylinderisfittedwitha10cmdiameterpistonthatisrestrainedbyalinearspring(force
proportional to distance) as shown in the below Figure. The spring force constant is 80 kN/m
andthepistoninitiallyrestsonthestops,withacylindervolumeof1L.Thevalvetotheairline
isopenedandthepistonbeginstorisewhenthecylinderpressureis150kPa.Whenthevalveis
closed,thecylindervolumeis1.5Landthetemperatureis80C.Whatmassofairisinsidethe
cylinder?


4)Averticalpistoncylinderassemblycontaining0.05kgofammonia,initiallyasaturated
vapor,isplacedonahotplate.Duetotheweightofthepistonandthesurrounding
atmosphericpressure,thepressureoftheammoniais1.5bars.Heatingoccursslowly,andthe
ammoniaexpandsatconstantpressureuntilthefinaltemperatureis25C.Showtheinitialand
finalstatesonTvandpvdiagrams,anddeterminethevolumeoccupiedbytheammoniaat
eachstate,inm3.

5)Apiston/cylinderarrangementisloadedwithalinearspringandtheoutsideatmosphere.It
containswaterat5MPa,400Cwiththevolumebeing0.1m3.Ifthepistonisatthebottom,the
springexertsaforcesuchthatPlift=200kPa.Thesystemnowcoolsuntilthepressurereaches
1200kPa.Findthemassofwater,thefinalstate(T2,v2)andplotthePv diagramforthe
process.

6)A 1-m3 rigid tank with air at 1 MPa, 400 K is connected to an air line as shown in the below
Figure. The valve is opened and air flows into the tank until the pressure reaches 5 MPa, at
which point the valve is closed and the temperature inside is 450K.
a. What is the mass of air in the tank before and after the process?
b. The tank eventually cools to room temperature, 300 K. What is the pressure inside the tank
then?

7) Awellinsulatedrigidtankhavingavolumeof.25m3containssaturatedwatervaporat100C.
Thewaterisrapidlystirreduntilthepressureis1.5bars.Determinethetemperatureatthefinal
state,inCandindicatetheprocessinaTvandPvdiagram.

8)Considertwotanks,AandB,connectedbyavalve,asshowninthebelowFigure.Eachhasa
volumeof200LandtankAhasR12at25C,10%liquidand90%vaporbyvolume,whiletankBis
evacuated.ThevalveisnowopenedandsaturatedvaporflowsfromAtoBuntilthepressureinB
hasreachedthatinA,atwhichpointthevalveisclosed.Thisprocessoccursslowlysuchthatall
temperaturesstayat25Cthroughouttheprocess.HowmuchhasthequalitychangedintankA
duringtheprocess?

9)A1m3rigidtankhasairat1500kPaandambient300Kconnectedbyavalvetoapistoncylinder.
Thepistonofarea0.1m2requires250kPabelowittofloat.Thevalveisopenedandthepiston
movesslowly2mupandthevalveisclosed.Duringtheprocessairtemperatureremainsat300K.
Whatisthefinalpressureinthetank?

10)Watercontainedinapistoncylinderassemblyundergoestwoprocessesinseriesfromaninitial
statewherethepressureis10barandthetemperatureis400C.
Process12:Thewateriscooledasitiscompressedataconstantpressureof10bartothe
saturatedvaporstate.
Process23:Thewateriscooledatconstantvolumeto150C.
a) SketchbothprocessesonTvandpvdiagrams.
b) DetermineP,T,vforeachofthethreestates.

11)Acylinder/pistonarrangementcontainswaterat105C,85%qualitywithavolumeof1L.The
systemisheated,causingthepistontoriseandencounteralinearspringasshowninthebelow
Figure.Atthispointthevolumeis1.5L,pistondiameteris150mm,andthespringconstantis100
N/mm.Theheatingcontinues,sothepistoncompressesthespring.Whatisthecylinder
temperaturewhenthepressurereaches200kPa?

12)Apiston/cylinderarrangement,showninthebelowFigure,containsairat250kPa,300C.The
50kgpistonhasadiameterof0.1mandinitiallypushesagainstthestops.Theatmosphereisat
100kPaand20C.Thecylindernowcoolsasheatistransferredtotheambient.
a. At what temperature does the piston begin to move down?
b. How far has the piston dropped when the temperature reaches ambient?

13) Refrigerant12inapiston/cylinderarrangementisinitiallyat50C,x = 1.Itisthenexpandedin

aprocesssothatP = Cv1toapressureof100kPa.Findthefinaltemperatureandspecific
volume.

14)Acontainerwithliquidnitrogenat100Khasacrosssectionalareaof0.5m2.Duetoheat
transfer,someoftheliquidevaporatesandinonehourtheliquidleveldrops30mm.Thevapor
leavingthecontainerpassesthroughavalveandaheaterandexitsat500kPa,260K.Calculatethe
volumerateofflowofnitrogengasexitingtheheater.

15)Airinatankisat1MPaandroomtemperatureof20C.Itisusedtofillaninitiallyempty
balloontoapressureof200kPa,atwhichpointtheradiusis2mandthetemperatureis20C.
Assumethepressureintheballoonislinearlyproportionaltoitsradiusandthattheairinthetank
alsoremainsat20Cthroughouttheprocess.Findthemassofairintheballoonandtheminimum
requiredvolumeofthetank.