TOPIC: ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

Date :
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Objective of lesson:
Pupils should be able to:
give symbols to the common elements
understand that elements are made of atoms

What is meant by an element?

Element are the basic units of all matter. An element cannot be broken down further
into simpler substance by any chemical or physical methods.
Note that an element:

consists of only one kind of atom,

cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by either physical or
chemical means, and
can exist as either atoms (e.g. helium, argon) or molecules (e.g., oxygen,
nitrogen).

A molecule consists of two or more atoms of the same element, or different elements
that are chemically bound together. Note that the two oxygen atoms which comprise a
oxygen molecule move as a unit.

Two or more elements combined together chemically will form compound (e.g. water,
ammonium). Two or more elements combined physically will form mixture (e.g. sea
water, air).
How many elements had been recognized by Scientist recently?

Name the lightest twenty elements.

The new element doesn't have an official name yet, so scientists are calling it
ununpentium, based on the Latin and Greek words for its atomic number, 115.
Based on table below, can you predict which the lightest element?
Atomic Mass

Name chemical element

Symbol

Atomic number

1.0079

Hydrogen

4.0026

Helium

He

6.941

Lithium

Li

9.0122

Beryllium

Be

10.811

Boron

12.0107

Carbon

14.0067

Nitrogen

15.9994

Oxygen

18.9984

Fluorine

20.1797

Neon

Ne

10

22.9897

Sodium

Na

11

24.305

Magnesium

Mg

12

26.9815

Aluminum

Al

13

28.0855

Silicon

Si

14

30.9738

Phosphorus

15

32.065

Sulfur

16

35.453

Chlorine

Cl

17

39.0983

Potassium

19

39.948

Argon

Ar

18

40.078

Calcium

Ca

20

This is a part of 20 elements from Periodic Table.

Do you know how Scientist arranges all these elements inside Periodic Table?
*click for full Periodic table http://www.webelements.com/

Research a profile of an element.

All these 20 elements had been arranged in Periodic Table . The chemical elements of
the periodic chart sorted by:
- Name alphabetically
- Atomic number
- Symbol
- Atomic Mass
- Electronegativity
- Density
- Melting point
- Boiling point

- Vanderwaals radius
- Year of discovery
- Inventor surname
- Elements in earthcrust
- Elements in human body
- Covalenz radius
- Ionization energy

Activity: Study the profile of each 20 elements and complete the table below.
http://www.chemicool.com/
Name of
element

Atomic
mass

State of
matter

Colour

Melting
point (C)

Boiling
point (C)

Identify some elements by their flame test.

Here are the procedures to do flame test (Procedure), which is use to observe that 20
elements react with heat and produce different colour of flame.
Based on the video (Video), observe what happen to flame test and complete the table
below.
Name of element

Colour of flame

Learn the symbols of the first twenty elements.

For easily memorizing all 20 elements, their name and symbol, let play game!
(word search) and (http://www.funbrain.com/periodic/)
Practice make perfect. Complete the blank item below.
Sodium
Calcium
Oxygen
N
Br
K

Explain the formation of simple compounds.

Answer all questions,
1. State the elements that present in Lithium oxide.

2. Complete the reaction below,

Magnesium + oxygen
3.