Bibliography

Primary Sources
Government Publications
United States. Legislative Branch of U.S. Government. House of Representatives. gpo.com. U.S.
Government Printing, 19 Nov. 2003. Web. 14 Aug. 2014.
The House of Representativess Concurrent Resolutions state that Pope John Paul should
be awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom to his contribution for world peace. I will
use this in the conclusion section of our website.

Interviews
Weigel, George. E-mail interview. Jan. 2015.
George Weigel is the Popes main and authoritative biographer and a friend of one my
aunts. He wrote Pope John Paul IIs biography, Witness to Hope, and had met with the
Pope over 25 times. Interviewing him will help me to understand the Popes views on
communism in a better way.

Letters
Pope John Paul II. "Centesimus Annus." Encyclical. 1 May 1991. vatican.va. The Holy See.
Web. 9 Dec. 2014.
Centesimus Annus was an encyclical written during the end of the Cold War. It
condemns communist principles and examines political issues. I will use this source to
show how the Pope spread his beliefs of world peace to the people on the Earth.

Photographs
Adolf Hitler. 1937. International Business Times. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.
This is an official photograph of the dictator of Germany during World War II who
enforced the communistic regime and struck fear in the hearts of the Jews during his
tyrannical reign. I will use this to show that Hitler was a key player for communism.
Baby Pope John Paul II and His Mother. 1920. Wadowice. avemaria.bravepages.com. Web. 9
Dec. 2014.
This is an early photograph of the future Pope as a child. This was used as a picture in the
Early Lives section of our website.

Mikhail Gorbachev. 1990. Notable Names Database. Web. 29 Nov. 2014.

Mikhail Gorbachev was the leader of the Soviet Union at the time of the Cold War. I will
use this picture to show that he was a key player in the face of communism.
Pope John Paul II as a Priest. 1948. Poland. telegraph.co.uk. Web. 9 Dec. 2014.
This photograph shows Pope John Paul II as a priest in Poland. This was also used to
show what Pope John Paul II looked like as an adult.

Speeches
Pope John Paul II. "The Pope's Warsaw Sermon, 1987." Warsaw, Poland. 14 June 1987.
Chnm.gmu.edu. Web. 14 Aug. 2014.
This particular sermon given by Pope John Paul II in Warsaw, Poland, invigorated and
strengthened the Polish people against the communist rule. This helped me to understand
how leaders used words to sway the general public into going against communism.

Videos
October 16, 1978: Pope John Paul II Selected. Abcnews.go.com. ABC News, 16 Oct. 1978. Web.
29 Dec. 2014.
This video shows Pope John Paul II becoming head of the Catholic Church on October
16, 1978. This is a primary source because it displays actual footage of Pope John Paul
IIs ordination into the papacy.
The Four Freedoms: Franklin D. Roosevelt. Youtube.com. YouTube, 29 Nov. 2008. Web. 9 Dec.
2014.
This video displays an audio clip of the Four Freedoms speech by Franklin D. Roosevelt,
which are freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from
fear. This helped me to understand the push for freedom.

Secondary Sources
Books
Weigel, George. Witness to Hope: The Biography of Pope John Paul II. New York: Cliff Street,
1999. Print.
This book was written by Pope John Paul IIs authoritative biographer, George Weigel. It
is important to my project because it describes how Pope John Paul II played a crucial
role in the collapse of communism.

Hramiec Hoffman, Mary, and Mark Hoffman. Lolek: The Boy Who Became Pope John Paul II.
Harbor Springs, MI: Hramiec Hoffman Pub., 2009. Print.
This book is important to my research because it tells the story of his childhood and how
he developed his ideas on communism and his ideas on world peace for all. Young Pope
John Paul II taught that every single life is valuable.

Magazines
Bernstein, Carl. "Cover Story: The Holy Alliance." Time Magazine. 24 Feb. 1992. Print.
This article explains the relationship between Ronald Reagan and Pope John Paul II. I
will use this source to illustrate the collaborative efforts of the leader.s

Newspaper Articles
Kemp, Jack. "The Pope and the Fall of Communism." U-T San Diego. 5 Apr. 2005.
utsandiego.com. San Diego News, 5 Apr. 2005. Web. 9 Dec. 2014.
This article explains how communism was a failure because Pope John Paul was elected
to the papacy and used his leadership qualities to extinguish it.
Linker, Damon. "John Paul II, Intellectual." hoover.org. Hoover Institution, 1 Oct. 2001. Web. 9
Dec. 2014.
This article states the Popes view on communism. Pope John Paul II described that
communism, treats the individual as an element, a molecule within the social organism.
This helped me understand why the Pope wanted to abolish communism throughout the
world.
The Editors. John Paul II, R.I.P. National Review [New York City] 8 Apr. 2005. Print.
This article, published shortly after the death of the Pope, extolled him for his wonderful
efforts to end communism and bring about world peace. I will use this to show the longlasting legacy of this particular leader.

Photographs
Holy Alliance. 1992. Time Magazine, New York City.
This is the cover of a Time Magazine issue that depicts Reagan and the Pope working
together to extinguish communist regimes throughout the world. This helped me to
understand how the leaders collaborated excellently.

Websites
"Europe After World War Two (1949)." Diercke.com. Diercke International. Web. 09 Dec. 2014.

This website displays how Europe was divided up after World War II and gives
information about what immediately followed. This helped me understand why these
leaders wanted to reunite Europe and defeat the spread of communism.