CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Chemistry 107A
Physicalchemistryintendedformajorsinthelifescience
area.
Introductorydevelopmentofclassicalandstatistical
thermodynamicsincludingequilibriumprocessesand
solutionsofbothnonelectrolytesandelectrolytes.
Thethermodynamicbasisofelectrochemistryand
membranepotentials.

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Instructor and TAs

Instructor:
TomoyukiHayashi,Ph.D.(UniversityofTokyo)

PhysicalChemistryandComputationalChemistry
Nonlinearvibrationalspectroscopyofproteins.
Electrontunnelinginproteins.
Teaching: Chem2A/2B,107A,110A

TAs
BenjaminNAIL,email:banail@ucdavis.edu
Jiarui WANG,email: wjrwang@ucdavis.edu
All questionsregardingenrollmentissuesandotherconcernsshouldbe
directedtoTAfirst.

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Textbook, Optional Material

Textbook:

PHYSICALCHEMISTRYfortheBiosciences,1stEdition,
byRaymondChang,(UniversityScienceBooks,2005),
ISBN1891389335,Chapters28willbecovered.
OptionalMaterial:ProblemsandSolutionstoaccompanyPHYSICAL
CHEMISTRYfortheBiosciences,byMarkD.Marshal
andHelenO.Leung,(UniversityScienceBooks,2005),
ISBN1891389394.

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Suggested Homework
Chapter2
PropertiesofGases
2.6,2.8,2.10,2.14,2.18,2.30,2.34,2.38,2.44.
Chapter3 TheFirstLawofThermodynamics
3.2,3.4,3.6,3.10,3.12,3.14,3.16,3.18,3.22,3.24,3.34,3.36,3.38,3.40,3.46,3.48,3.54,
3.56,3.60,3.62,3.66,3.74,3.78,3.82,3.90,3.92.
Chapter4 TheSecondLawofThermodynamics
4.2,4.6,4.8,4.10,4.12,4.14,4.16,4.20,4.26,4.28,4.32,4.36,4.38,4.40,4.50,
4.52,4.54,4.56,4.58,4.64,4.66,4.70,4.74,4.76,4.80.
Chapter5 Solutions
5.4,5.6,5.8,5.10,5.12,5.18,5.24,5.26,5.28,5.30,5.34,5.36,5.38,5.42,5.48,5.50,5.52,
5.54,5.56,5.60,5.72,5.76,5.82.
Chapter6 ChemicalEquilibrium
6.2,6.6,6.8,6.10,6.12,6.14,6.18,6.22,6.26,6.28,6.30,6.34,6.40,6.42,6.44,6.46.
Chapter7 Electrochemistry
7.2,7.4,7.6,7.8,7.10,7.12,7.16,7.18,7.20,7.22,7.26,7.28,7.32,7.34,7.36,7.40,7.44.
Chapter8 AcidsandBases
8.1,8.2,8.5,8.6,8.8,8.20,8.24,8.36,8.44,8.52,8.54,8.56,8.58,8.64,8.74.
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Exam Dates and Grading

MidtermExam onFriday,February13th
willcoverallmaterialsincethestartofthequarter.
FinalExamonFriday,March20th
willbecomprehensive.
25minQuizzeson,January16th(Fri),January30th(Fri),
andMarch2nd(Mon)duringthesession.
Grading
MidtermExam 26%
FinalExam
50%
Quizzes
24%(8x3%)
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Calculus and Physics Review

Differentiation
Integration
DefiniteIntegral
MultivariableDifferentiation
FormofEnergy
Work
PotentialEnergy
KineticEnergy,ConservationofEnergy

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Differentiation and Integration

Differentiation

Integration

d n
x nx n 1
dx
d
1
ln x
dx
x
d ax
e ae ax
dx

n
x dx

x n 1
C
n 1

xdx ln x C
ax
e dx

e ax
C
a

PropertiesofLogarithms

ln( x a ) a ln x;
ln( xy ) ln x ln y
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Definite Integral
Theareaunderthecurve
between and isgivenasa
definiteintegralofthefunction.

f ( x)dx F ( x) a F (b) F (a )

where

dF ( x)
f ( x)
dx

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Multivariable Differentiation
Somefunctionshavemorethanonevariable.
,

Consideronevariableatatimewhilefixingothers.
Partialdifferentiation

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Example R-1
Calculatetheareaunderthecurvebetweenx=1andx=4.

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Example R-2
Pressure,Volume,moles,andTemperatureofidealgasesare
allinterrelatedvariables.
Calculatethefollowingpartialderivatives.
A)
B)

,
,

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Example R-3
Evaluatethedefiniteintegral:
; wherePisdefined
bytheIdealGasLaw,(assumeconstanttemperature).

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Newtons Second Law, Pressure

NewtonsSecondLaw
(Force)=(mass) (acceleration)

SIunitofmass =kg
SIunitofacceleration=ms2
Therefore,theSIunitofforce(Newton)is:
N=kgms2
Pressure istheforceexertedperunitarea.
Force
Pressure
Area
TheSIunit(Pascal):
Pa=Nm2=kgm1s2
Atmosphericair(barometric)pressureisabout105 Pa.
Sowedefineanewunit(bar):
1bar=105 Pa
Wealsousethestandardatmosphere(atm):1atm=1.01325 10 Pa
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Forms of Energy
Energy isneithercreatednordestroyed,butcanbe
convertedinform.
Importantformsofenergyare:
Kinetic
GravitationalPotential
ElectrostaticPotential
Thermal
Chemical

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Work
Inclassicalmechanics,
work isaforceactingthroughadistance:
x2

w Fdx
x1

Here isaforceand isadisplacement.

Iftheforceisaconstant,
theexpressionissimplifiedto:

w F ( x2 x1 ) F x
TheSIunitof isN kg m s .
TheSIunitofworkandenergy(Joule)shouldbe:
J N m kg m s
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

Potential Energy
Thepotentialenergyistheenergyofanobjectduetothe
positionofthebody.
Whenworkisdonebyaconservativeforce
,thechange
inpotentialenergyis:
PE
GravitationalPotentialEnergy:
PE

=gravitationalacceleration(=const.),
ElectrostaticPotentialEnergy:

referenceheight.

Here :charge, :electricfield, :position.

T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014

CHE107A - Winter 2015 -Tomoyuki

Hayashi, Ph.D.

Kinetic Energy and Conservation of Energy

dv

d 2x

NewtonsSecondLaw: ma f ( x)
dt dt 2
Usingthechainrule,theaccelerationcanbewrittenas:
dv dv dx dv

v
dt dx dt dx

Multiplyingbothsidesby

dv
mv dx mvdv f ( x)dx
dx

Integratethebothsidesoftheequation:
x
1 2 1 2
mv mv0 f ( x)dx
v0
x0
Potential Energy
2
2
x
1 2
1 2
1
mv V ( x) Const.
mv f ( x)dx mv02
x
0
2
2
2

mvdv

Kinetic Energy
T.Hayashi,UCDavis,2014