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AS1755-2000 Conveyors Safety Requirements
AS1755-2000 Conveyors Safety Requirements
AS 1755
Australian Standard
ConveyorsSafety requirements
AS 17552000
Australian Standard
Conveyors Safety requirements
Originated as AS C2151971.
Previous edition AS 17551986.
Third edition 2000.
COPYRIGHT
Standards Australia International
All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the
publisher.
Published by Standards Australia International Ltd
GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
ISBN 0 7337 3588 6
AS 17552000
PREFACE
This Standard is the result of consensus among representatives of the Standards Australia
Committee SF/25, Guarding of Conveyors and Joint Standards Australia/Standards New
Zealand Committee EL/23, Electrical Equipment in Coal Mines to prepare it as an
Australian Standard. It supersedes AS 17551986, ConveyorsDesign, construction,
installation and operationSafety requirements. It contains the safety measures to be
implemented for the installation and operation of conveyors and conveyor systems, both
above ground and underground and sets out the necessary personal protective measures
against hazards experienced by operators of such plant.
The changes included in this Standard cover the general safety requirements for large and
small conveyors and conveyor systems, and in particular the details for conveyor control
and motor drive isolation. Technical and editorial amendments have been incorporated in
line with available ISO documentation for mechanical handling equipment.
Major changes made in this edition include
(a)
clarification that the Standard is applicable to both above ground and underground
conveyor systems;
(b)
(c)
The term normative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the
appendix to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral Part of a Standard.
AS 17552000
CONTENTS
Page
SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE .........................................................................................................................5
1.2 OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................5
1.3 APPLICATION............................................................................................................5
1.4 SECTION REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................6
1.5 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................6
1.6 DEFINITIONS .............................................................................................................6
SECTION 2 REQUIREMENTS FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1 GENERAL ...................................................................................................................9
2.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION...............................................................................9
2.3 ACCESS TO CONVEYORS......................................................................................12
2.4 OPERATING CLEARANCE .....................................................................................12
2.5 LIGHTING.................................................................................................................12
2.6 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................12
2.7 CONVEYOR CONTROL AND ISOLATION FACILITIES......................................13
2.8 FIRE PROTECTION..................................................................................................19
2.9 MARKINGS, SIGNS AND IDENTIFICATION........................................................19
AS 17552000
Page
SECTION 6 SAFEWORK PRACTICES
6.1 GENERAL .................................................................................................................46
6.2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED AND MAINTAINED......................................46
6.3 SAFEWORK PROCEDURES....................................................................................47
6.4 TRAINING ................................................................................................................49
APPENDICES
A
GLOSSARY OF CONVEYOR TERMS ....................................................................50
B
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................78
C
ERGONOMIC DATA................................................................................................79
AS 17552000
STANDARDS AUSTRALIA
Australian Standard
ConveyorsSafety requirements
S E CT I ON
S COP E
AND
GE NE RAL
1.1 SCOPE
This Standard sets out the minimum safety requirements for the design, installation and
guarding of conveyors and conveyor systems. It includes requirements for users and
providers of inspection, maintenance, training and implementation of safe work practices
for such equipment. Particular emphasis is given to operational safety and the protection
afforded to operators, maintenance personnel or other persons who may be exposed to risks
to health and safety associated with conveyors or conveyor systems.
This Standard includes requirements for
(a)
specific locations such as hazardous areas, confined spaces and coal mines; and
(b)
The Standard is not intended to apply to platform elevators, moving stairways or conveyors
specifically designed for the conveyance of people.
A glossary of conveyor terms in provided in Appendix A.
1.2 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this Standard is to enable designers, manufacturers, suppliers, employers
and users of conveyors and conveyor systems to minimize the risks to health and safety
where conveyors are used.
1.3 APPLICATION
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(b)
buckets, trays or other containers or fittings moved by an endless belt, rope, chain or
other similar means;
(c)
a rotating screw;
(d)
(e)
rollers
It includes the supporting structure and auxiliary equipment used in connection with the
conveyor.
1.6.4 Conveyor system
An installation comprising one conveyor, or multiple conveyors whose control is integrated.
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A stop control provided for the protection of the conveyor or personnel from a hazard
which, when activated, stops the conveyor and includes emergency stop controls.
1.6.17 Pull wire
A wire connected to a device, normally provided for emergency stop control which, when
pulled, activates the device.
1.6.18 Regulatory authority
A Minister of the Crown, a government department or other public authority having power
to issue regulations, orders or other instructions having the force of law in respect of any
subject covered by this Standard.
1.6.19 Runaway
Uncontrolled movement of the conveyor in either direction.
1.6.20 Sequence
A control system designed to stop or start a conveyor, depending upon the state of other
equipment.
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1.6.21 Shall
Indicates that a statement is mandatory.
1.6.22 Shear point
The point at which, or the line along which, a moving part meets or passes close enough to
a stationary part or object so that parts of the human body can be caught, trapped or pinched
between them.
1.6.23 Should
Indicates a recommendation.
1.6.24 Start
A manual or automatically operated control system designed to start the conveyor under
normal operating conditions.
1.6.25 Transportable conveyor
A conveyor which is not a mobile conveyor that can be moved as a unit from one location
to another.
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AND CONS T RUCT I ON
DE S IGN
2.1 GENERAL
In addition to the requirements of this Standard, conveyors and conveyor systems shall be
designed and constructed consistent with the relevant requirements of AS 4024.1 and other
relevant Standards.
Safety features necessary for the safe operation of the conveyors and conveyor systems
shall be included at the design stage.
2.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
2.2.1 Selection of materials
All materials used in the manufacture of conveyors shall comply with the relevant
Australian Standards. In the absence of an Australian Standard, appropriate International or
overseas Standards may be used.
2.2.2 Design requirements
The design and construction of a conveyor shall take into full account the magnitude,
incidence, conditions and manner of all loading and forces likely to be applied to the
conveyor.
The slope and characteristics of the conveying system shall be designed to prevent
hazardous unintentional sliding of the conveyed material under operating conditions.
2.2.3 Stopping devices
2.2.3.1 Safe stopping
Conveyors shall be designed to ensure that they will stop in the shortest practicable time
consistent with safety when the driving energy is disconnected, and remain stopped until
the energy is restored.
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The manual control for the take-up shall be accessible from outside the guarded area.
Where automatic control of the take-up is provided, then isolation of the automatic
operation and selection of a manual operation should be provided.
Manually operated tension devices shall not be capable of free wheeling under any
condition.
Where take-ups are remote or on a different level from the main drive, an emergency stop
facility complying with Clause 2.7.7 shall be provided at the take-up.
2.2.5.4 Wire ropes for take-ups and counterweights
All wire ropes used for take-ups and counterweights of conveyors shall have a minimum
safety factor of 4.5, relevant to the maximum static load that can be applied by the tension
system. The minimum dynamic factor of safety should be 2.25.
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Where dusts are present or may be generated due to the operation of a conveyor, measures
shall be taken to minimize the generation and control the presence of dust. The following
recommendations should apply:
(a)
Scrapers should be provided where material may be drawn into a pulley to the belting
contact area. The scraper should divert the material clear of the contact area.
(b)
(c)
For areas of a conveyor which may generate significant dust, (e.g. transfer points or
areas of high air velocity) means should be provided to collect or suppress the dust.
These means may include, but are not limited to, the following:
(d)
(i)
Water sprays.
(ii)
(iii)
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2.5.1 General
Suitable permanent or mobile lighting shall be provided for conveyors or conveyor systems
appropriate to their location in accordance with AS 1680.2.1.
For underground mining, a cap lamp or other portable light is acceptable for locations other
than transfers and drive heads.
2.5.2 Emergency lighting
Emergency lighting should be provided to allow for safe egress.
2.6 ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
The electrical installation, components and associated equipment of conveyors or conveyor
systems shall comply with AS/NZS 3000 and other relevant standards appropriate to the
specific location or type of conveyor as provided for in this Standard.
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The device shall be lockable in the isolated position and be of the manual reset type.
(b)
The device shall isolate the source of energy from the drive system by either
(i)
(ii)
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(c)
(d)
14
Where indirect isolation of the energy source via a control system is used, the
following shall apply:
(i)
The remote isolating device shall cause the isolation of the drive energy from
the conveyor via at least two independent means to assure system integrity.
(ii)
A system shall be provided to indicate at the remote isolation device, that the
drive energy has been isolated.
Direct operation.
(b)
(c)
The defeat of protective devices which may endanger personnel shall not be permitted.
Facilities should be provided for testing the operation of protective stop controls.
NOTES:
1 Where appropriate, warning of the impending operation, status and record of operation of
protective devices should be included in the design of the conveyor or conveyor system, e.g.
belt tracking.
2 Blocked chute, bin full and transfer overfull are typical of the stop facilities provided for the
purpose.
3 For mining applications see Clause 4.6.8.
4 Programming requires a change in function, operational logic or purpose. A change of address
or identification does not constitute reprogramming.
For conveyors not greater than 2.5 m in length and located less than 2.5 m above the
floor, walkway or platform, a single stop control at the middle of the conveyor.
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(b)
For conveyors greater than 2.5 m in length and located less than 2.5 m above the
floor, walkway or platform, at the head, tail, drive and at intervals not exceeding
30 m along the length of the conveyor.
(c)
For conveyors positioned more than 2.5 m from the floor, walkways or platforms, at
accessible locations at intervals not exceeding 100 m along the length of the
conveyor.
(d)
(e)
Provision of a pull wire activated device is considered adequate for the purposes described
above.
2.7.8 Stop/Start controls
2.7.8.1 General
Except for conveyors at mines, resetting of any normal stop control or emergency stop
control shall not restart the conveyor without the actuation of a start control
(see Clause 4.5.2).
Where practical, all stop/start controls and emergency stop facilities should be uniform
throughout the conveyor or conveyor system.
Where an otherwise uncontrolled hazard could exist at a loading, unloading or transfer
point in a conveyor system, the conveyor system shall be designed to operate in sequence
and be provided with automatic stop controls which are designed to prevent the hazard from
arising.
2.7.8.2 Automatic stop controls
Automatic stop controls provided for conveyor systems for other than safety purposes, e.g.
overdimensional load, tension mechanism overtravel, and temperature limit controls, should
not prevent the restarting of the system after resetting, provided that
(a)
the stopping device is labelled to indicate that the conveyor will restart upon resetting
the device; and
(b)
where this control is in a position from which the whole of the system cannot be
viewed and there is a possibility of accidents arising from the starting of the
conveyor, a warning signal in accordance with Clause 2.7.5 shall be provided.
NOTE: This stop control may be wired into electronic control equipment.
Breaking, slackening or removal of the pull wire shall activate the device.
(b)
(ii)
the conveyor shall stop in the event of the pull wire being broken or removed.
(c)
The force required to operate the pull wire activated device shall not exceed 70 N
when applied midway between supports and at right angles to the axis of a pull wire
with less than 300 mm movement and 230 N along the axis of the wire.
(d)
The design and distance between pull wire supports shall be such that the wire moves
freely when pulled and does not become disengaged from the support.
NOTE: A maximum spacing of 6 m should apply.
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(e)
16
Materials used for pull wires shall be of adequate strength, be protected against
environmental conditions and be suitable for handling without the need for additional
protection being worn by operators.
NOTE: Where more than one switch is used in a pull wire system, a visual indicator should be
provided to indicate which switch has been activated.
(f)
The switch shall be activated when the pull wire is pulled in any direction.
(See Figure 2.2).
Where an electric pull wire is used, it shall be installed as shown in Figure 2.2(c).
2.7.9.2 Location of pull wires
Pull wires should be located in such a manner that they are
(a)
clearly visible;
(b)
(c)
located external to the vertical line of any nip or shear point and no further than 1 m
from the nip or shear points;
(d)
(e)
(f)
where all nip or shear points are greater than 1500 mm above the access floor the pull
wire requirement of Item (e) may be raised provided the pull wire is lower than all
nip or shear points; and
(g)
NOTES:
1 The requirements of Clause 2.7.9 relating to pull wires may be replaced by an alternative
emergency stop system providing an equivalent level of safety.
2 Pull wires are not an alternative to guarding.
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(b)
fluid couplings;
(c)
(d)
Where a shear pin is used, a description of the size and type of material of the shear pin
shall be placed at an appropriate point on the conveyor to facilitate proper replacement.
All fluid couplings shall be protected from overpressure and over-temperature.
2.8 FIRE PROTECTION
2.8.1 Firefighting facilities
Where a fire hazard exists on a conveyor or conveyor system, firefighting facilities
appropriate to the risk shall be provided.
2.8.2 Fire risk
Where the operation of a conveyor or conveyor system could create a fire hazard, the design
of the conveyor or conveyor system shall include items to minimize the risk.
2.8.3 Fire detection
Where a hazard may be created by not detecting a fire on a conveyor or conveyor system,
fire detection facilities should be incorporated in the design.
2.8.4 Lubricants
Oils and lubricants should be effectively contained.
Accumulated spilled oils and lubricants should be controlled sufficiently to minimize any
potential fire hazards.
2.8.5 Accumulation of combustible materials
The accumulation of combustible material resulting from the operations of a conveyor shall
be controlled to prevent contact with the moving parts of the conveyor. This may be
achieved by the installation of easily maintained scrapers, loading point skirting, shedder
plates and self-shedding covers over components located beneath the conveyor.
In addition, sufficient space shall be provided under moving parts for the removal of
accumulated material. Generally, for bulk materials handling belt conveyors, not less than
300 mm should be provided for this purpose but, in no case shall this clearance be less than
150 mm.
2.9 MARKINGS, SIGNS AND IDENTIFICATION
2.9.1 General
Where appropriate, permanent markings, signs and identification plates shall be in
accordance with AS 1318 and AS 1319. Where a hazard could exist from the
misinterpretation of a symbol the meaning of the symbol shall be clarified in writing.
Markings, signs and labels shall be of durable corrosion resistant construction and be
permanently attached. Markings, signs and labels shall be installed or positioned so that
they are clearly visible and do not become obscured while in service.
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(b)
An identification number.
(c)
Year of manufacture.
(b)
(c)
Signs shall be provided at each end and every 30 m along a conveyor where a pull
wire is used e.g. emergency stop.
(d)
Signs shall be provided at the isolating devices provided for in Clauses 2.7.3 and
2.7.4 which clearly indicate the function and purpose of the device. See Clause 6.3.3
for specific requirements for remote isolating devices.
(a)
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S E CT I ON
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FOR
GUARDI NG
3.1 GENERAL
Guards shall be designed and provided to prevent access to danger zones unless the danger
zone is guarded by location or position. Guards shall be included in the design of the
conveyor or conveyor system and shall not in themselves create a hazard.
Particular attention is drawn to the mass of guards which may need to be manually lifted
into place. Guidance on manual handling is provided in NOHSC:1001 (1990).
All guards shall be secured in position so that they cannot be removed without the use of
tools unless an interlocking device is provided to automatically stop the conveyor in the
event of the removal of the guard.
For mining applications complying with Clause 4.5, guards may be of the lift-off design not
incorporating the interlocking device.
Guards should be designed so that it is not necessary to remove them for servicing or
inspection purposes.
NOTE: For example, interlocking may be achieved by a pull wire operated stop switch in
accordance with Clause 2.7.9, which operates automatically when the guards are removed.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
inadvertent contact with hot or hazardous fluids from fluid couplings or torque
converters.
3.2.2 Materials
Guards shall be made of solid material, mesh or equivalent construction. Sheet metal guards
should not be less than 1.5 mm thick. Mesh guards should not be less than 1.5 mm wire
gauge, or 3 mm wire gauge for 50 mm square mesh and above.
3.2.3 Strength
The safety distances specified in Clause 3.2.4 shall be maintained when loads are applied as
follows:
(a)
(b)
For guards which can be climbed or rested upon, a mass of 90 kg placed on the guard
and a simultaneous horizontal force of 220 N applied to points selected to establish
the strength of the guard. The required clearances from the danger zone shall be
maintained when a force of 450 N is applied at point on a guard over a square area of
50 mm 50 mm.
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For square mesh with opening size up to and including 9 mm, guards shall be at least
25 mm from the nip or shear point.
(b)
For square mesh with opening above 10 mm and up to 50 mm, guards shall be at least
200 mm from the nip or shear point.
(c)
For fence type guards the maximum distance between the underside of the fence and
the floor shall be 200 mm. The location of the nip or shear point may reduce this
dimension.
(b)
(c)
nip guards where shear hazards are not present see Figure 3.3.
Guarding of idler sets where required should be provided on the approach side and should
extend for 1000 mm from the nip point. On the out-running side the guard should extend for
at least 1000 mm beyond the nip point (see Figure 3.4).
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the access to any fenced area includes a system to automatically stop the conveyor
before access is obtained to the danger zone; and
(b)
a sign shall be provided at every access point through the fenced off area stating
DANGERIsolate drive energy.
The principle of nip guards is shown in Figure 3.3(c). Examples of typical arrangements for
nip guards at tail pulleys are shown in Figures 3.3(e) and 3.3(f).
Where nip guards of alternative designs are used, which do not provide adequate protection,
they should be fitted in association with fixed enclosure guards or fixed distance guards.
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Shear points and nip points in locations less than 2.5 m above any access floor, platform
level, stored goods or materials shall comply with the following requirements:
(a)
All shear and nip points shall be guarded. Shear and nip points are created where the
gap between any moving part of the conveyor and any fixed equipment is greater than
4 mm and less that 120 mm.
(b)
(c)
Where the surface of the moving part of the conveyor is provided with projections
exceeding 6 mm in height, or where there is any type of attachment to the moving
part, the minimum clearance of 120 mm shall be maintained between the highest
point of the projection and the fixed equipment.
(d)
The requirements of this Clause need not apply to nip points associated with those
belt conveyor idlers which comply with the requirements of Clause 5.8.
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Where a hazard can be created by the material being conveyed falling into or being
projected into an accessible area, then guarding shall be provided. Consideration should be
given to the height, mass and speed of the material being conveyed. (See Figure 3.6.)
NOTE: The possibility of trapping at the junction of a powered conveyor and an idle roller conveyor can be
avoided by making the first idle roller free to move away along an incline A cut in the sides of the
conveyor. The angle of the incline is so arranged as to prevent lateral movement of the roller during the
passage of goods from the belt to the idle roller conveyor. Care should be taken to ensure that the weight
and dimensions of the loads being conveyed do not prevent the roller from lifting. In some installations
more than one free roller may be required. This solution is not effective where the rollers are powered.
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Removable guards shall be clearly labelled as follows, at intervals not greater than 10 m:
DANGERIsolate energy source before removing guard.
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4.1 GENERAL
The additional requirements below are relevant to the specific location in which the
conveyor is to be installed or used and shall be included in the design.
4.2 TUNNELS, GALLERIES OR PITS
4.2.1 Materials inflow
The entrance to a tunnel, gallery or pit shall be designed to prevent any inflow of water or
other materials.
4.2.2 Drainage facilities
Drainage facilities shall be provided in a tunnel, gallery or pit.
4.2.3 Depth indication
Where a risk exists of an accessible area in a tunnel, gallery or pit becoming flooded, an
appropriately located device providing visual indication as to the depth of any water or
other material in the area shall be provided.
4.2.4 Location of controls
Manual controls for any pumping systems shall be located outside any area which may
become flooded.
4.2.5 Ventilation
Tunnels, galleries and pits shall be adequately ventilated. Where ventilation is provided by
mechanical means, systems shall be incorporated in the design to manage any risk arising
from the failure of the ventilation.
4.2.6 Alternative egress
Where there is a risk of the normal access to a tunnel, gallery or pit becoming blocked, an
alternative means of egress shall be provided.
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(b)
A prestart warning system in accordance with Clause 2.7.5 shall be installed on every
conveyor. This provision need not apply to conveyors controlled by a single operator who
can readily see the full length of the conveyor and has access to a manually operated
prestart warning system.
4.6 UNDERGROUND COAL MINES
4.6.1 Maximum surface temperature
In underground workings at a mine the surface temperature of any part of the conveyor or
conveyor system shall not exceed 150C under operating conditions.
4.6.2 Light metals
In underground workings in a mine, light metals shall not be used for the construction of
external surfaces of conveyor equipment. Light metals are aluminium, magnesium,
titanium, or an alloy containing an aggregate of more than 15% by mass of aluminium,
magnesium and titanium, or an alloy containing an aggregate of more than 6% by mass of
magnesium and titanium.
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(b)
Items in contact with or in close proximity to the belt, e.g. pulley and idler lagging,
scraper blades, impact bars, skirting rubber.
(c)
Structural components.
(d)
(e)
Guards/covers/hoods.
4.6.5.2 Fluids
Fluids used in fluid couplings and torque converters shall be fire resistant to AS 3997.2.
Accessed by DOWNER EDI LIMITED on 12 Jul 2006
NOTES:
1
2
Guidance on the selection of fire-resistant hydraulic fluids may also be found in ISO 7745.
Phosphate ester based hydraulic fluids may not be suitable for some underground situation.
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TABLE 4.1
PROTECTIVE STOP CONTROLS
Parameter
Mandatory
Belt slip
Brake over-temperature
Recommended
Brake release
Belt tracking
Fire detection
Bearing over-temperature
Blocked chute
(b)
Mechanical brakes shall be fitted with a device designed to detect the released position of
the brake. The device shall be arranged to stop the conveyor in the event of the brake
failing to release when required.
4.6.8.6 Belt tracking
Devices shall be provided to detect and stop the conveyor in the event of excessive side
movement of the conveyor belt while operating. As a minimum, these devices shall be
installed within 30 m of either side of any transfer point, drive head, loop take-up or place
where a significant change in belt elevation occurs.
NOTE: A timer may be fitted to prevent nuisance trips of the conveyor which may occur due to
momentary tracking problems or to a small protrusion to the side of the belt. A self-resetting
override device may be provided for belt tracking purposes.
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In addition to the requirements of Clause 2.8.5, a space of not less than 300 mm shall be
provided below the lowest part of the lowest belt surface except that at the first loading end
of each conveyor system where the clearance shall be sufficient to prevent contact between
the belt surface or any rotating element and any spillage.
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5.1 GENERAL
The additional requirements below shall be included in the design and construction relevant
to the specific conveyor type detailed in this Section.
5.2 SLAT CONVEYORS
5.2.1 Slat load design
Slats shall be designed, to accommodate live loads. The design shall include an allowance
for wear.
5.2.2 Spacing between slats
The distance between slats when travelling in a straight line along a slat conveyor should be
25 mm, except that this gap may be increased in accordance with the safety distances given
in AS 4024.1, or where alternative forms of guarding are provided in accordance with
AS 4024.1.
5.3 TOWING CONVEYORS
5.3.1 Truck release mechanism
A device shall be provided to automatically release a towed truck from the towing chain of
a towing conveyor in the event of the truck or load becoming obstructed.
5.3.2 Clearances
There shall be at least 500 mm clearance between any towed truck, including its load, and
any other truck or fixed object.
5.3.3 Guarding of wheels
(b)
(c)
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On belt conveyors, unless guarded by position, the following nip points shall be guarded
(see Figure 5.1):
(a)
Drive pulleys.
(b)
(c)
(d)
Take-up pulleys.
(e)
(f)
(g)
Carrying and return idlers beneath feed hoppers and skirt plates.
(h)
Carrying and return idlers at positions where the lift of the belt is restricted.
(i)
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wind loading;
(b)
(c)
(d)
The margin of stability expressed as a percentage shall be calculated in accordance with the
following equation:
a
m = 100 1
b
where
m = margin of stability, in percent
a=
stabilizing moment about the axis of tipping of the conveyor due to the
worst case design loads, in newton metres
b=
overturning moment about the axis of tipping of the conveyor due to the
worst case design loads, in newton metres
The margin of stability for mobile or transportable conveyors shall not be less than 50%.
5.12.3 Pneumatic tyres
Where pneumatic-tyred wheels are used on a mobile or transportable conveyor, stability
shall be maintained in a condition of under-inflation or loss of air in one or more of the
tyres.
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.................
(b)
...........
3 m.
8 m.
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Where an internal combustion engine is used as the conveyor drive power, the following
shall apply:
(a)
The conveyor shall be fitted with overspeed protection designed to stop the drive in
the event of the maximum design speed being exceeded.
(b)
The conveyor shall be fitted with a fire extinguisher of suitable capacity and type to
extinguish a fire arising from the combustion of fuel.
(c)
The conveyor shall be fitted with a sign, in a conspicuous position, warning of the
hazard arising from the exhaust fumes of the engine. This warning shall include
particular reference against use of the conveyor in non-ventilated or confined spaces.
(d)
(e)
Where manual starting mechanisms are fitted to the motor, the design shall not create
a hazard to the operator.
NOTE: It is recommended that impulse, spring or permanently attached cord type starters be
provided for this purpose.
(b)
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A sign shall be attached to the conveyor statingThis equipment should be connected only
to a power circuit equipped with residual current devices.
5.12.12 Tooth or dog clutches
Where used on a mobile or transportable conveyor tooth or dog type clutches shall have not
less than four teeth or dogs. Tooth or dog type clutches shall be designed and constructed to
prevent inadvertent disengagement.
5.12.13 Guarding
In addition to and in accordance with the requirements of Section 3, mobile and
transportable conveyors shall be fitted with guards on
return side idlers less than 2.5 m from any access floor or platform level or at any
other position that is not guarded by position or location;
(b)
(c)
(d)
bag and bale conveyors to prevent dislodgment of the load in the form of side guards
or aprons extending to an effective height of 100 mm;
(e)
exposed screws, chains or flights in hoppers designed to prevent contact with moving
parts;
(f)
return side chains with flights, typically by positioning the chain to prevent contact
by a person, enclosing in a duct or other similar barrier; and
(g)
power take off drives and shafts shall be guarded in accordance with AS 1121.
(a)
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AS 17552000
DIMENSIONS IN METRES
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S E CT I ON
S AFE WOR K
P R ACT I CE S
6.1 GENERAL
This Section deals with safework practices to be developed, implemented and maintained
by owners and users to ensure the safe installation, operation, maintenance and dismantling
of conveyors and conveyor systems.
The minimum requirements for safework practices are detailed in this Section. However,
the owner should also carry out appropriate risk assessments to establish the safework
practices for the activities associated with the conveyor or conveyor systems under the
owners control.
In addition, a comprehensive system of audits and checks shall be introduced to measure
the effectiveness of the safework practices. Where these practices are found to be deficient
the owner shall implement changes to correct the deficiency.
6.2 INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED AND MAINTAINED
6.2.1 General
Documentation shall be provided, used and maintained for the operation of the conveyor or
conveyor system provided for in this Standard. Documentation shall include but be not
limited to synopses of plant, installation, commissioning, dismantling, operating and
maintenance instructions. In each area where information is required, identification of
potential hazards and their control shall be included.
All information shall be presented in English (and other languages where necessary) and be
in a logical sequence with clear illustrations.
Where risk assessments are undertaken, documented evidence of such assessment shall be
recorded and maintained.
6.2.2 Synopsis of plant
The owner shall maintain information regarding the synopsis of plant supplied by the
manufacture and designer of the conveyor or system or system components.
Design capacities and criteria of the conveyor system and its components.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Lubrication requirements.
Installation procedures.
(b)
(c)
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(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
AS 17552000
(b)
(c)
Operating instructions which incorporate clear instructions for the operation of the
conveyor system from start up to shut down including all possible sequences of
control.
(d)
Emergency procedures.
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(b)
materials handling;
(c)
work methods;
(d)
(e)
emergency plans;
(f)
documentation; and
(g)
modifications or repairs.
pre-checks;
(b)
hazard control;
(c)
isolation;
(d)
(e)
emergency;
(f)
shutdown; and
(g)
normal start/stop.
These procedures shall cover all work to be undertaken by trained competent maintenance
personnel and shall include operating aspects contained in Clause 6.3.5 and the following:
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Use of materials.
(e)
(f)
Housekeeping.
(g)
(h)
Breakdown activities.
(i)
(b)
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(c)
Periodic inspections.
(d)
(e)
(f)
Compliance auditing.
AS 17552000
6.4 TRAINING
Competency based training shall be provided for installers, commissioners, dismantlers,
operators and maintenance personnel and other persons exposed to a hazard from a
conveyor. Such training shall be relevant to the procedures associated with installation,
commissioning, dismantling, operating and maintenance of the conveyor or conveyor
system.
This training shall include but is not limited to the following:
Safework practices including isolation procedures.
(b)
Emergency procedures.
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
Statutory requirements.
(i)
(j)
(a)
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APPENDIX A
A1 ANTI-RUNBACK DEVICES
A1.1 Anti-runback device for belt conveyors
Consists of a full complement of shaped steel sprags or wedges, located in the annular
space between concentric inner and outer races. Power is transmitted from one race to the
other by the wedging action of the sprags between them. Rotation of one race in the
driving direction causes the sprags to tilt, thus transmitting the torque in full from one
race to the other. Conversely, rotation of the race in the other direction frees the sprags and
permits overrunning between the races (see Figure A1).
A mechanical device to prevent reversal of a loaded conveyor under action of gravity when
forward travel is interrupted (see Figure A2).
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A2 APRON CONVEYORS
A2.1 Apron conveyor
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An apron conveyor in which the sides and ends of the plates are turned upwards to form
open pans (see Figure A5).
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AS 17552000
A3 BELT CONVEYORS
A3.1 Belt conveyor
A conveyor using a moving belt for the conveying medium. The belt is usually driven by a
drum at one end, passing over a free-running drum at the other end. The upper portion of
the belt may be supported by free-running idlers or suitable flat surfaces. This type of
conveyor can be arranged for horizontal or inclined travel, the angle of slope depending on
the character of the goods conveyed and the type of belt surface (see Figure A6).
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A mobile conveyor with either adjustable or non-adjustable heights on wheels which is not
self-propelled but carries continuous handling equipment (see Figure A8).
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A conveyor composed of a belt secured to transverse supports carried by moving wire ropes
or chains. The chains or wire ropes transmit the driving force, the belt forming the loadcarrying medium (see Figure A13).
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AS 17552000
A conveyor consisting of a moving belt having a flat carrying face extended to form side
walls of limited height (see Figure A15).
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A5 BUCKET CONVEYORS
A5.1 Bucket elevator
A conveyor for loose bulk materials with buckets as the carrying medium attached to a belt
or chains as the driving medium (see Figure A17).
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A6 CHAIN CONVEYORS
A6.1 Chain conveyor
A conveyor for unit loads, with an endless driving medium, e.g. chain or cable, and a series
of trolleys supported by an overhead track.
A6.2 Chain conveyor with driving dogs
A chain conveyor with pusher dogs driving load-carrying trucks on a separate track or floor
(see Figure A21).
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A conveyor consisting of freely swinging finger type trays carried between parallel endless
chains which swing at the change of direction to pick up on the feed side and discharge the
feed on the downward side. The drive is generally at the head of the conveyor, the chains
passing over sprockets of considerable diameter. Loading or unloading can be made
automatic and can occur at any intermediate floor level (see Figure A26).
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AS 17552000
A conveyor having double strands of chain connected by spindles supporting freely rotating
load-carrying rollers (see Figure A28).
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A7 CROSS-BAR CONVEYOR
A conveyor consisting of two strands of chain connected together by fixed bars from which
unit loads are suspended (see Figure A32).
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of
reciprocating
beam
with
attached
hinged
flights
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A conveyor for unit loads with a single strand chain or wire rope under or above floor level
as the driving medium (see Figure A37).
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AS 17552000
A conveyor assembled with one or more reciprocating beams with tilting dogs or pushers
(see Figure A42).
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A screw conveyor which is similar to the full-bladed type except that the helix is in the
form of a ribbon attached to the central shaft by palm-bolts (see Figure A47).
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A light duty flat top conveyor in which small hinged plates serve as both the chain and the
work carrying plates. This conveyor provides a flat, smooth and level surface commonly
used to transport cans and bottles (see Figure A51).
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A22 TRIPPER
A moveable part of a conveyor, typically mounted on wheels, used for discharging material
at selected locations along its length (see Figure A54).
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APPENDIX B
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
(Normative)
The following documents are referred to in this Standard:
AS
1121
1318
Use of colour for the marking of physical hazards and the identification of
certain equipment in industry (known as the SAA Industrial Safety Colour
Code)
1319
1332
1333
1334
1334.9
1657
1680
1680.2.1
Interior lighting
Part 2.1: Circulation spaces and other general areas
2380
Electrical equipment
techniques (all Parts)
2430
2759
2865
3569
3997
3997.2
4024
4024.1
Safeguarding of machinery
Part 1: General principles
AS/NZS
1020
2381
for
explosive
atmospheresExplosion-protection
2381.1
3000
3931
4360
Risk management
ISO
7745
Worksafe
Australia
NOHSC:1001
(1990)
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AS 17552000
APPENDIX C
ERGONOMIC DATA
(Normative)
C1 GENERAL
The data below are for users who need to design and build guards that prevent persons from
encroaching into a danger zone associated with a machine.
They are taken from AS 4024.11996, and the most recently published version of that
Standard should be used, except for the specific variations detailed in Figure C4 herein.
Users should carefully consider whether the data are appropriate for use with the specific
workforce which may be taller, shorter or thinner than the population from which the data
were taken.
Where doubt exists, measurements of the workforce may be taken and careful trials made to
ensure that the danger points are beyond reach. Where such trials are made, the machinery
shall be in a safe condition during the trials.
C2 REACHING UP
With the body upright and standing at full height, the minimum safety distance when
reaching upward is 2500 mm (see Figure C1).
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Where clearance is provided under a guard for cleaning spillages, swarf and similar, the
clearance should not exceed 200 mm. (See also Figure C3.)
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Height of
danger zone
( h)
1 200
1 400
1 600
1 800
2 000
2 200
2 400
2 500
2 500
2 400
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
2 200
600
600
500
500
400
350
250
2 000
1 100
900
700
600
500
350
1 800
1 100
1 000
900
900
600
1 600
1 300
1 000
900
900
500
1 400
1 300
1 000
900
800
100
1 200
1 400
1 000
900
500
1 000
1 400
1 000
900
300
800
1 300
900
600
600
1 200
500
400
1 200
300
200
1 100
200
1 100
200
* Protective structures less than 1000 mm height are not included because they do not sufficiently
restrict movement of the body.
Protective structures having a height of 1600 mm and less should only be used where a risk
assessment indicates low probability and low severity of injury.
NOTES:
1
Barriers are not foolproof and they cannot prevent access to persons intent on gaining access. Therefore, as a
person's intent on reaching a dangerous part increases, e.g. by climbing on chairs, ladders or the barrier
itself, the protection provided by a barrier decreases.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
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Limitation of movement
Safety
distance (sr)
850
550
230
130
Illustration
* Either the diameter of a round opening, the side of a square opening or the width of a slot
opening.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
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Part of body
Fingertip
Finger up to
knuckle joint or
hand
Arm up to
junction with
shoulder
Illustration
Safety distance ( sr )
Opening
Slot
Square
Round
e4
4<e6
10
6<e8
20
15
8 < e 10
80
25
20
10 < e 12
100
80
80
12 < e 20
120
120
120
20 < e 30
850
120
120
30 < e 40
850
200
120
850
850
850
30 < e 50*
40 < e 120
50 < e 120*
* For mining operations
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
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(b)
Determine
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
the width of the narrowest slot opening into which the irregular opening can be
inserted (see Figure C5).
The dimension of openings (e), corresponds to the side of a square opening, the diameter of
a round opening or the narrowest dimension of an elongated opening or slot.
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Part of lower
Illustration
Opening
limb
Slot
Square or round
e5
5 < e 15
10
15 < e 35
80*
25
35 < e 60
180
80
60 < e 80
650
180
Leg up to knee
80 < e 95
1 100
650
Leg up to crotch
95 < e 180
1 100
1 100*
not
admissible
1 100
Toe tip
Toe
Foot
* If the length of the slot opening is 75 mm the distance can be reduced to 50 mm.
The value corresponds to leg up to knee.
The value corresponds to leg up to crotch.
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
A crushing hazard will be generated if either two movable parts are moving towards one
another, or one movable part is moving towards a fixed part.
The minimum gap dimensions to minimize the risk from a crushing hazard are given in
Figure C7. Care must be taken to assess the risk of a person entering the crush zone in a
different body orientation to those given. Where such a risk is considered to be
unacceptable, additional measures will be required to minimize the risk, e.g. the use of
fixed barriers to prevent access.
In addition, consideration should be given to the increase in hand or body part dimensions
as a result of holding tools or workpieces, or from the use of personal protective equipment
such as gloves or helmets.
C9 MANUAL HANDLING
Specific guidance on manual handling is beyond the scope of this Standard. However
attention is drawn to NOHSC:1001 (1990).
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86
Minimum
gap (e)
Illustration
Part of
body
Minimum
gap (e)
Body
500
Toes
50
Head
(least
favourable
position)
300
Arm
120
Leg
180
Hand
100
Illustration
Wrist
Fist
Foot
120
Finger
25
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETRES
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