SETTING UP OF FIBER OPTICS ANALOG

AND DIGITAL LINK

EXPT. NO : 10
DATE :

1. AIM:
1.1

To measure the attenuation loss for different length of fibers.

1.2

The aim this experiment is the study of the 650 nm fiber optic analog
and digital link for analog & Digital signals.

2. COMPONENTS & TOOLS REQUIRED:

2.1 Fiber optic link trainer.
2.2 Connecting cards
2.3 CRO
2.4 Fiber optic cable

3. THEORY:
Fiber optic links can be used for transmission of digital as well as
analog signals. Basically a fiber optic link contains three main elements. A
transmitter module takes the input signals in electrical from and then
transmits into optical energy containing the some information. The optical
fiber is the medium, which takes energy to Rx at Rx light, is converted back
in to electrical form as similar to input

4. BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Block Diagram of Digital link:
Electrical signal
Transmitter

optical energy
Digital fiber
link

electrical signal
Receiver

Block Diagram of Analog link:

Electrical signal
Transmitter

optical energy
Analog
fiber link

electrical signal
Receiver

Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram 521 230.

36

5. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
5.1 Connect the function generator 1 KHz Sine wave output to

emitter

input.
5.2 Connect the fiber optic cable to emitter output and Detector input.
5.3 Connect the Detector output to the compurgator input.
5.4 Connect the comparator output is the AC amplifier input.
5.5 On put the board switch analog mode.
5.6 Switch ON the trainer.
5.7 Observe the input to emitter (1) with output from AC amplifier 1. And
note that the signals are same.
5.8 Find out the input voltage emitter from the source by Convicting this to
the CRO and output voltage from the Detector circuit .
5.9 Calculate the Attenuation by using the Formula = 20log Vi/Vo
5.10 Repeat the same procedures for different length of fibers from step 1
to 9.
5.11 Connect the function generator 1 KHz Square wave

output to

emitter input.
5.12 Connect the fiber optic cable to emitter output and Detector input.
5.13 Connect the Detector output to the compurgator
5.14 Connect the comparator output is the AC amplifier input.
5.15 Output the board switch analog mode.
5.16 Switch ON the trainer.
5.17 Observe the input to emitter (1) with output from AC amplifier 1. And
note that the signals are same.
5.18 Find out the input voltage emitter from the source by
this to the CRO and output voltage from the

connecting

Detector circuit.

5.19 Calculate the Attenuation by using the

Formula = 20log Vi/Vo

Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram 521 230.

37

6. MODEL WAVEFORMS:

Analog link I/p

Analog link o/p

Digital link I/P

t

Digital link O/P

t

7.

PRECAUTIONS:
7.1 Check for loose contacts of wires and components.
7.2 Keep all the control knobs in the minimum position.
7.3 Before switch on the power supply get the circuit connections verified by
the teacher.
7.4 Adjust the control knobs smoothly dont twist the optical cables.
7.5 After taking the readings bring back all the control knobs to minimum
position.
7.6 Switch off the power supply before leaving the experimental table.

Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram 521 230.

38

8. Observations:
9.1 Amplitude of Analog signal input ------------------------------9.2 Frequency of Analog signal input -------------------------------9.3 Amplitude of Analog signal output ------------------------------------9.4 Frequency of Analog signal output ------------------------------------9.5 Amplitude of Digital signal input ----------------------------------------9.6 Frequency of Digital signal input ----------------------------9.8 Amplitude of Digital signal output ----------------------------9.9 Frequency of Digital signal output.._______________

9. CONCLUSION:
The transmission of analog and digital signals through a
fiber optic cable is studied and verified. Also attenuation loss for the
different lengths of cables is calculated.

10. VIVA -VOCE QUESTIONS:

10.1

What is Snell's Law?

10.2

Where we use the fiber optic cables?

10.3

What is meant by attenuation loss in fiber optic cables?

10.4

What are the advantages of fiber optic cables over

coaxial cables?

10.5

What are the materials used for manufacturing the

optical fiber cables?

Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram 521 230.

39