10-9

T 10-1
T 10-1
T 10-4

10-14
10-7
T 10-6
10-5
T 10-4

T 10-1

T 10-5
10-9
10-30
T 6-7
p.307

545 1039
10-40
T 10-5

Pg. 578

d G
=N t
3
8k D
N t =N a
N a=

Helical Compression Spring

Number of coils needed ( N t )
Depending on end of the coil, check with
Table
Determine the solid length ( Ls )
Determine spring rate aka spring scale

Ls=d ( N t +1 )

F
N /m
y
D=Cd and OD=D+d . OD is
Determine minimum hole diameter for the
the minimum hole diameter.
spring to operate in
S
8 Fs D
Determine static factor of safety via
n s= sy
s=K B
(E 7)
3
yielding if spring is compressed to solid
s
d
length. d: wire diameter.
S sy =
S sy :Torsional Yield Strength
F s : static load .
4 C +2
F s=k y s
KB=
( E 5)
D
4 C3
C( spring index)= .
D: meancoil diameter .
d
y s=L0 LS
S sy =x S ut ( x is on T 6)
Page
519
is
helpful
A
S ut = m
finding m and A (T4)
d
Compression Spring
D
Determine suitable wire diameter ( d )
Try OD=D+d and C=
d
(C = Spring Index)
L
Number of coils needed ( Lt )
Ls=d ( N t +1 ) N t = s 1
d
N a=N t 2= of coils
4
Spring constant (k)
d G
k=
(E 9)
G=(T 5)
3
8 D Na

Determine fatigue factor of safety when

S ut =( E 30) S su =(E 30)
a = m = s
repeatedly cycled from free to solid length.
2
k=

Se=

Ssa
S
1 sm
S su

( )]

r 2 S2su
2 S se
S
=

1+
1+
sa
2
2 S se
r S su

( )

The Gerber Se is probably easier

Extension Spring
L0=2 ( Dd ) + ( N b+ 1 ) d=( 2 C1+ N b ) d Free Length (Closed Length)
N b :number of coils
Torsional Stress: s (10-7)
G
N a=active coils , G and E are on T 10-5
N a=N b+
E
Minimum load cause permanent
d 3 S sy
F Max Body , B , A =
deformation. Do this for each body, B and A.
8 Kb D
Pick lowest.
Use Equations: 10-7, 37, 36, 34, 35 and T
10-6
Bearings
L
60 LD n D
Determine design life.
xD = D =
L: designlife(hours ), n :rpm , L10 :106 usually
LR
L10

11-7

C10=af F D

[[

11-18

xD
x 0 + ( x 0 ) ( 1R D )

xD

R=exp
11-3
T 11-2
T 11-1

af F D a
x 0
C10

( )
x 0

C A =F A

]]
b

LA a
L n 60
=F A A A
LR
LR

( ) (

1
b

a f : application factor , F D :designload ,

:4.459 , x 0 :0 .02 , R D : reliabilit y ,
b :1.483 , a :3
Bearing reliability. Find C10 and others first.

1
a

Catalog rating. F A : force ,

n A :rpm , LR : cycles , a: 3

1
a

Fa
to compare e with
C0

Use:
Fa
V Fr

on T 11-1

Fe = X i V F r +Y i F a

( )[

885

885
885
17-1

17-13

17-20
T 17-12
17-16b
900
17-11

Determine equivalent radial load. Single

row, deep groove ball bearing. Fa :axial load
, Fr :radial load , V=1 for self-aligning
bearings. Use larger Fe or Fr
X iY i : X Y values T 111 .
Predicted life. (in revolutions) at given
reliability. If not given, a f =1.
F D might =F eF r .

x D (106 )
hr
n D (60)
1
C 10 a
1.483
xD =
0.02+ ( 4.439 ) ( 1R D )
af FD
Flexible Elements: rubber belts
2
: specific weight @T 172 .
Find: Fc Fi F1 a F2
dn
V
V=
Fc =
g=32.17
d
:
diameter
of
pulley
. n :rpm . b :belt width .
12
g 60
t :thickness . f :coefficient of friction .
=12 bt
63025 H nom K s nd
H nom :hp . K s :service factor . nd :1 if N / A .
T=
n :rpm .
n
2T
F =( F1 )a F2=
d
F1 a =b Fa C p C v
C p : T 17-4. C v :1 . Fa : AllowableTension T
17-2.
F2 =( F1 )a [ ( F 1 )aF 2 ]
Fi :initial tension . For F2 use F for the [
( F 1 )a + F 2
Fi =
F c
] section.
2
Ha
Find: H a nfs L :belt length . H a : hp D: large
( F ) V
n fs=
H a=
pully. d: small pulley. C: center-to-center
H nom K s
33000
Dd
2 D D +d d
D= +2 sin 1
distance.
L= 4 C2( Dd ) +
2C
2
1 Dd
d =2 sin
RADIANS
2
Determine dip.
3 C2
dip=
inches
2 Fi
Flexible Elements: V belts
Hd
N b :number of belts , H d :design power (17-19),
Nb
H a : allowable power (17-17)
Ha
H tab
This table shows the horsepower rating for
a single belt
C=book
C: center-to-center distance. Lp: pitch
2
length
(D+d ) ( Dd )
L p=2 C+
+
Lp=85 +1.8 for B85 via T 17-11
2
4C
LD =

885
E(e)

L A : hours ,

( )

H a=k 1 k 2 n b H tab
k 1=0.143543+0.007468 0.000015052 2
k 2=T 1714

902
T 17-13
T 17-14

k 1 :angle of contact correction factor .

k 2 :belt length correction factor .
H tab :T 1712, given SPD ,find H via belt speed
nb :number of belts
H nom : power capacity . Dont forget to find belt
Assume nd =
speed for the H_tab above! nd : design factor
Flexible Elements: Chainz
H a : Allowable horsepower

H a=H d =K s H nom nd
1
T 17-20
T 17-22
T 17-23
913
914
908

H a=k 1 k 2 H tab

))

N N 1 2
P
C= A + A 28 2
4
2
N +N2 L
L
= pitches
A= 1

P
2
P
P=T 17-19
63025 H
T=
n
P
D=2r=
T
F Bending=
180
sin (
)
r
n

center-to-center (C) when given pitches

(P)
N 1 : number of teeth on small gear
N 2 : number of teeth on large gear
For P -> T 17-19, chain number -> Pitch
H : hp ,

n :rpm

Solve for r in 1st eqn and then plug it in with

T to find the bending force. P is from T 17-19