Electromagnetic Field

1. Mass and Energy. In relativistic mechanics the mass of the mobile

depends on his speed, form:
m=vm0 ,

(1)

m0

being the mass in repose. For

1
v2
= 1 2 ,

v c , m ,

this is in concordance with

the principle that a mobile cant touch the lights speed. We note the speeds

vector with v and forces vector is acting on point by F . We are writing

the Newtons law as:
d

F=
m v ,
dt (

(2)

mean that force

is the derivate of the impulse

In relativistic mechanics, energy

m v .

depends on the mass of the

mobile, form:
(3)

E=mc 2

b) we can give a justification to the formula (1) in this way. If on the mobile is
not acting any force, we have from law (2) mv=const , mean
'

'

mv=m v
'

'

m v are the mass and the relative speed. In the case of transversal
movement,

'

'

m =v y

we have the got the formula (16) from A.3:

v y =v 'y 1

v2
,
2
c

result that
'

m y = my ,

where

my

and

m'y

are the absolute and relative mass in transversal

v =0

movement. But for

justification gave that

result

'

m y =m y =repose mass . Exactly, it result from

from formula (1) is the mobile mass in a

transversal movement. In relativist mechanics the mass depends on

displacement direction, now it is not a characteristic of the point. In general
we accept by the name of mass, mass m , from formula (1) from a
transversal displacement.
Mass is a relative notion.
The concept of mass as a quantify of material is substituted by

m0

the

repose mass, ascertained.

c) Formal, we can give also a theoretic justification to formula (3) in the
following way. We suppose the mobile point describe a right, which we take

as an ax for Ox , under the action of force F , directed on same ax. We

consider mechanical work generated by force, from position
P2

(4)

L= Fdx .
P1

In the movement along the axe Ox, formula (2) will be:
F=

d
dx
( mv ) , F=
dt
dt

P1

to

P2

We transform integral (4):

P2

L=
P1

P2

P2

P2

d
dx
( mv ) dx= d ( mv ) = vd ( mv ) =mv 2| P 2 mv dv .
dt
dt P 1
P 1 P1
P1

Considering (1)

mv dv=m0

v dv

v2
c2

=m0 c 2 1

v2
v2
2
=m
c
1
.
c2
c2

( )

So
L=( m 2m1 ) c

Where

m1m2

are the masses. But . But

E2E 1=( m2m 1 ) c 2

L=E2 E1

, so:

which are consistent with law (3). Lets show that (3) is

including the usual formula of kinetic energy. Considering a point with a mass
m0
in repose
, so with energy kinetic energy of the point
T =( mm 0 ) c 2=m0 c 2 ( 1 )

(5)

How v is law in raport with c , develop in series neglecting the terms from
fourth power:

c2
= 1 2
v

1
2

( )

1+

v2
2 c2

So
(6)

1
2
T = m0 v .
2

Relation (3)
example, for

E0=c m0

, give a huge energy because of the

m0=1 g s 2 c m1 ,

c2

factor. For

c=3 1010 cm s1 , we have :

20

20

E0=9 10 ergi=9 10 g cm=9 10 t km ,

Which means that

E0=ninebilions kilomet

res tones. This huge value of energy

in repose mass of the mobile explain the phenomenon of energy release

after decomposition of the atom.
d) Considering the coordinates of the event in Minkowskis space
x 0=ct ,

(7)
As functions by parameter

x 1=x ,

x 2= y ,

x 3=z

x i=x i ( ) .

(8)

The unitary vector T of the tangent has the coordinates (19) from A.5 :
(9)

t o= ,t 1= v x , t 2= v y , t 3= v z .
c
c
c

Considering too the energy in repose

E0=m0 c

and the vector

Eo
T

which

we are calling vector energy impulse. He has projections

(10)

E0 t 0 =mc 2 , E0 t 1=mc v x , E 0 t 2=mc v y , E o t 3=mc v z .

e) We call the mass density m , particle volume

, the expression