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Blast Design Oswald
Blast Design Oswald
Structural Engineers
Charles J. Oswald, Ph.D., P.E.
Applies
pp es to new
e bu
buildings
d gs a
and
d renovations
e o at o s or
o
repairs > 50% of building replacement cost
Minimum standoffs can be reduced if justified
b blast
by
bl t analysis
l i and/or
d/ building
b ildi
hardening
h d i
Typically
yp
y requirements
q
satisfied with
prescribed standoff distances
Otherwise, personnel protection from blast,
thermal and fragment effects must be
thermal,
designed
Personnel may be in same building or in nearby building
Design to contain explosion effects in explosion room
Design of surrounding buildings if explosion not contained
D
Design
i
b
based
d on allowable
ll
bl deflection
d fl ti
rather
th
than allowable stress
Typical design allows one-half of failure deflection
STEER Meeting, March 22, 2007
Connections
Diaphragms
Shear walls
Rigid body motion of building
PEAK
PRESSURE
Pso
Building
Pr
Time = T 0
T1
T2
T3
T4
_ Pso
Pb <
T5
Presssure
Time
d
Blast Walls
Usually not that effective for reducing blast
Shock
Sh k wave fills
fill in
i quickly
i kl behind
b hi d blast
bl t walls
ll
Single--Degree
Single
Degree--of
of--Freedom (SDOF) System
K Lm M c u (t ) + C c u (t ) + Rc u (t ) = Fc (t )
Mc = mass of blast-loaded component
Fc(t) = load history on blast-loaded
blast loaded component
Rc(u(t)) = resistance of blast-loaded component
Cc = viscous damping constant of blast-loaded component
KLm = load-mass factor (accounts for fact all mass and load
on component does not move through u(t))
u(t)
( ) = acceleration of the mass
u(t) = velocity of the mass
u(t) = displacement of the mass = max component deflection
t
= time
STEER Meeting, March 22, 2007
Midspan Deflection
Response Criteria
Maximum deflection defined in terms of
support rotation () and/or ductility ratio ()
2x
where = tan 1 m
L
xm
=
xe
xm = maximum component deflection
xe = deflection causing yield
STEER Meeting, March 22, 2007
ASCE Design
Design of Blast Resistant Buildings for
Petrochemical Facilities
Concise though lacks detail contained in TM 5-1300
No consideration of high explosives
Design/analysis guidance provided for three damage levels