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1000 Leroy
1000 Leroy
1000 Leroy
132
124
323
324
30
198
120
15
1000 SERIES
Installation and maintenance
33
37
28
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
1 - RECEIPT
1.1 - Standards and safety measures .........
1.2 - Checks ...............................................
1.3 - Identification ........................................
1.4 - Storage ...............................................
3
3
3
3
2 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
2.1 - Electrical characteristics .....................
2.2 - Mechanical characteristics ..................
2.3 - SHUNT field excitation system ............
2.4 - AREP field excitation system ..............
4
4
5
6
3 - INSTALLATION - COMMISSIONING
3.1 - Assembly ............................................
3.2 - Inspection prior to first use .................
3.3 - Electrical diagram ................................
3.4 - Commissioning ....................................
3.5 - Setting up ...........................................
8
8
9
11
11
4 - SERVICING - MAINTENANCE
4.1 - Safety measures ................................ 14
4.2 - Regular maintenance ......................... 14
4.3 - Fault detection .................................... 14
4.4 - Mechanical defects .............................. 14
4.5 - Electrical faults .................................... 15
4.6 - Dismantling, reassembly ...................... 17
4.7 - Characteristics table ........................... 19
5 - SPARE PARTS
5.1 - First maintenance parts ....................... 20
5.2 - Description of bearings ....................... 20
5.3 - Tools required ..................................... 20
5.4 - Technical support service .................... 20
5.5 - Exploded view, parts list ..................... 21
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
1 - RECEIPT
RECEIPT
1.3 - Identification
WARNING
ISO 8528-3
IEC 34-1
FRAME
BS 5000-PT3
WDG
NEMA MG1-22
VDE 0530
- Fig 1 -
1.4 - Storage
Whilst awaiting installation, the machines should be
stored:
- away from humidity: in conditions of relative humidity of
more than 90%, the machine insulation can drop very
rapidly to just above zero at around 100% ; monitor the
state of the anti-rust protection on unpainted parts.
For storage over an extended period, the machine can
be placed in a sealed enclosure (heatshrunk plastic, for
example) with dehydrating sachets inside, away from
significant and frequent variations in temperature to avoid
any condensation during storage.
Safety symbol for an operation capable of damaging or destroying the machine or surrounding equipment.
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
2 - TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS
MAIN FIELD
EXCITER
T1 T7
T2 T8
T3 T9
T4 T10
T5 T11
T6 T12
Varistor
Armature
Red
Black
Field
6-
R 230
5+
- Fig 2 -
MAIN FIELD
EXCITER
Aux. windings
T1 T7
T2 T8
T3 T9
T4 T10
T5 T11
T6 T12
Field
Black
R 438 LS
- Fig 3 -
Yellow
6-
5+
Green
Blue
White
Red
Varistor
Armature
Voltage sensing
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage
Knee-point
U/UN
48 Hz
57.5 Hz
100 %
50 Hz
60 Hz
R 230 B
Frequency
50 Hz
Hz
60 Hz
- Fig 6 -
Voltage sensing
4 x fl5.8 x 50 mm
75 mm
50Hz
3 ph
S1
60Hz
S2
Fuses
1A
fuse 250V 8 A
R 230
P1
Voltage
P2
Stability
380V
220V
110V
5+
F1 slow-blow
0V E- E+ Z2 X1 Z1 X2
L1
L2
S2
6-
P2
L3
Exciter
field
P3
ST3
R 448
110
0V
E+
E-
115 mm
140 mm
ST4
S1
P1
Underspeed
5+
6EXCITER FIELD
ST4
Potentiometer for remote
voltage adjustment
- Fig 5 -
ST3
Frequency
50Hz
60Hz
T11
T8
(SUPPLY 110V)
U V W
ALTERNATOR
- Fig 7 For adjusting and fault detection refer to the section 4.5 of
this notice (the function of R 438 and R 448 are the same).
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
2.4 - AREP field excitation system
With AREP excitation, the electronic A.V.R. R 438 LS (fig
8) is powered by two auxiliary windings which are independent of the voltage detection circuit. The first winding
(X1,X2) has a voltage in proportion with the output voltage of
the alternator (Shunt characteristic), the second (Z1,Z2)
has a voltage in proportion with the stator current (compound characteristic: Booster effect). The power supply
voltage is rectified and filtered before being used by the
regulator monitoring transistor. This principle ensures
that regulation is not affected by distortions generated by
the load.
R 438 LS
CHARACTERISTICS
5+ Exciter field
W/O LAM
rapid
Response time
50Hz
ST3
Aux. windings
Red
Black
Green
Yellow
60Hz
Frequency
F1/F2
Fast-blow fuse
250V 8 A
115 mm
140 mm
4 x fl5.8 x100
125 mm
- Fig 8 -
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
E0V
110
220
380
P5
Excitation
ceiling
P4
R438LS
Under
speed
P3
Stability
L3
(W)
P2
Voltage
ST1
ST9
PMG
Single phase
detection
P1
3 phase detection
Quadrature
droop
L2(V)
T.I.
R731
ST4
Option
Option
SHUNT
AREP
Option
External potentiometer
for voltage adjustment
S1
- Fig 9 -
340-520V
S2
170-260V
95-140V
WARNING
6-
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
2.4.3 - LAM characteristics (Fig 10)
CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage
ST5 cut
UN
P2
Voltage
U/f
LAM
0.85 UN
- P4 LAM or U/F
frequency threshold,
factory set.
P4
48 or 58 Hz 50 or 60 Hz
0
ST3
fC
fN
- Fig 10 -
With LAM
W/O LAM (U/F onlyl)
UN
Voltage
0,9
(U/f)
LAM
0,8
With LAM
W/O LAM (U/F onlyl)
fN
LAM
Frequency
0,9
0,8
With LAM
W/O LAM (U/F onlyl)
LAM
Power
Time (s)
- Fig 11 -
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
3 - INSTALLATION - COMMISSIONING
3.1 - Assembly
INSTALLATION
WARNING
This alternator has been balanced with a 1/2 key.
- Belt and pulley drive system
Check that the shafts are parallel, the pulleys aligned,
and that the belt tension is correct.
The maximum permissible radial load at the middle of
the shaft end is 350 da.N for a calculated service life
"L10" of 20,000 hrs at 1800 min-1 or 3600 min-1 .
Note: For special belt-pulley drive systems, please
consult the Sillac factory.
3.1.3 - Location
Ensure that the ambient temperature in the room where
the alternator is placed cannot exceed 40C for standard
power ratings (for temperatures above 40C, apply a derating coefficient). Fresh air, free from damp and dust,
must be able to circulate freely around the air input louvres on the opposite side from the coupling. It is essential to prevent not only the recycling of hot air from the
machine or engine, but also exhaust fumes.
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
3.2.2 - Physical and visual checks
Before starting the machine for the first time, check that:
- the fixing bolts on the feet are tight
- the cooling air is drawn in freely
- the protective louvres and housing are correctly in place
- the standard direction of rotation is clockwise as seen
from the shaft end (phase rotation in order 1 - 2 - 3). For
anti-clockwise rotation, swap 2 and 3.
- the winding connection corresponds to the site
operating voltage (see section 3.3)
Connection codes
T1
3 phase
T7
T4
T12
T10
T5
T9
T6
L3(W)
T3
L2(V)
T8
L1(U)
T1
3 phase
T4
T7
N
T10
T11
T5
T8
T2
L2(V)
L3(W)
FF
1 phase
T2
T4
T1
T10
L1(U)
T12
1 phase
or
3 phase
T1
T9
T4
T7
T6
T3
L3(W)
L
T5
T8
190 - 240
220 - 230
T11
T5
T6
T12
T10
N
T4
T9
L3(W)
T3
190 - 208
T8
L2(V)
T2
T7
L1(U)
T1
Winding
50 Hz
60 Hz
380 - 415
380 - 480
T10
440 - 460
T9
NDE
T11
T12
380 - 416
N
L3(W)
T3
T8
L2(V)
T5
T2
T7
L1(U)
T4
Winding
50 Hz
60 Hz
220 - 240
220 - 240
250 - 260
T11
T1
NDE
T4
T7
T2
200
220 - 240
M
T3
T9
T12
T6
T5
T1
Winding
50 Hz
60 Hz
220 - 240
220 - 240
250 - 260
T8
T2
NDE
T11
T6
T3
T9
L3(W)
T5
T10
T11
190 - 208
T9
T7
6
7
60 Hz
T10
T3
T11
T5
T12
T8
T6
Factory connection
50 Hz
T6
T3
T6
T12
T9
Winding
8
T2
T11
L.L voltage
L1(U)
INSTALLATION
L2(V)
L
200
220 - 240
T8
L2(V)
T10
T4
T2
T7
T12
T1
L1(U)
NDE
- Fig 13 -
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
Connection codes
1 phase
or
3 phase
T12
Winding
50 Hz
110 - 120
T1
T6
Factory connection
L.L voltage
L1(V)
INSTALLATION
T7
60 Hz
T5
T11
120
T3
T9
120 - 130
L3(W)
T10
T9
T4
T3
T10
L3(W)
T5
T11
T8
Connection
not recommended
G
T12
50 Hz
220 - 240
220 - 240
60 Hz
250 - 260
T1
T7
T12
T2
T7
T6
T2
T5
L1(U)
AR
T10
T4
T9
L
T3
T3
T10
L2(V)
T5
T11
T4
T9
T4
T1
Winding
1 PH
T6
T8
L2(V)
T2
110 - 120
T8
T8
T11
220 - 240
200
T12
T2
T7
T6
T1
AR
SERIES CONNECTION
T3
T3
T2
T1
T4
L
Voltage 50/60 Hz
L-L
L-M
220
110
230
115
240
120
T4
T1
T2
Connect
Output
L
T2 - T3
T1
T4
T2 - T3
Voltage 50/60 Hz
L-L
L-M
110
115
120
Connect
T1 - T3
T2 - T4
Output
L
T1-T3 T2 - T4
T1
T2
T3
N
T1
T2
T3
N
T1
T2
T3
T1
T2
T3
T1
T9
T3
T2
T4
T3
ST4
5
10
- Fig 15 -
10
90
3 0 20
50 4
0
60
Voltage potentiometer
80 70
Black
Black
Black
Blue
White
Connections
Voltage adjustment
via remote potentiometer
.
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
3.3.2 - Connection checks
INSTALLATION
3.4 - Commissioning
3.5 - Setting up
- Fig 16 -
R 230 B
11
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
3.5.2 - R 438 LS adjustments (AREP system)
R 438 LS
Action
Voltage
minimum fully CCW
Stability
THreshold/LAM or U/F
Threshold for underspeed
protection U/f and LAM
function
INSTALLATION
Factory adjust.
Pot.
400V - 50 Hz
( 0 - 380 V)
P2
Not adjusted
( middle)
P3
ST3 on 50 Hz
(factory=48 Hz)
ST3 on 60 Hz
P4
(factory=58 Hz)
Not adjusted
( fully CCW)
P1
10 A
maximum
P5
12
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
INSTALLATION
ST3
Max. excitation
P5
P4
P3
Voltage
P2
X2
Z1
X1
ST2
Z2
ST5
E+
F1
ER 438
0V
ST1
P1 110 V
220V
S1 S2
380V
50Hz 60Hz
Mains (50/60 Hz
power supply)
48 V
F2
110/220/380V
ST4
Aux. windings
J1
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
R 438
- Fig 18 -
J1
X2
Z1
X1
Z2
E+
E-
(400V - 10A)
Diode
Battery (B Volt)
~ 6 ohms
Exciter field
R 438
Forced excitation
B Volt
t
Time
- Fig 19 -
Applications
Guaranteed voltage build up
B volts
6 (1A)
Time t
1-2s
6 (1A)
1-2s
12 (2A)
5 - 10 s
Battery starting
24 (4A)
5 - 10 s
24 (4A)
5 - 10 s
13
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
4 - SERVICING - MAINTENANCE
4.1 - Safety measures
14
SERVICING
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SERVICING
Bearing defect
Overheating
Vibration problem
Abnormal noises
Action
- If the bearing has turned blue or if the grease has turned black , change the
bearing.
- Bearing race badly locked (moving in its housing)
-Bracket misalignment.
Excessive overheating of alternator frame - Air flow (Inlet - outlet) partially clogged or hot air is being recycled either
(temperature rise of more than 104 C abo- from alternator or prime mover
ve ambient)
- Aternator is functionning at too high a voltage (over 105 % of rated voltage
on load).
- Alternator overloaded.
Too much vibration
Misalignment (coupling)
- Defective mounting or play in coupling
- Incorrect balancing of shaft (Engine - Alternator)
Excessive vibration and humming noise
Three phase alternator is single phase loaded in excess of acceptable level.
coming from the alternator
- Short-circuit in the alternator stator
- System short-circuit
- Mis paralleling
Possible consequences (according to the seriousness of the above faults):
Alternator damaged by a significant impact - Broken or damaged coupling.
which is followed by humming and vibration - Broken or bent shaft end.
- Shifting and short circuit of main field rotor.
- Fractured fan or coming loose on shaft.
- Blown up rotating diodes, or and A.V.R.
Action
Symptoms
Cause
- Lack of residual magnetism
- Check the connection of the sensing leads to the A.V. R
- Faulty rotating diode
- Short-circuit on rotor windings
- Faulty A.V.R.
- Exciter windings shorted or open circuit (check winding)
- Main field winding open circuit (check resistance)
Correct speed
No adjustment of voltage
AVR faulty
Voltage too
high
Adjust potentiometer
voltage
Voltage
oscillations
Voltage correct
on no load too Run on no-load and check Voltage between E+ and Elow on load (*) voltage between E+ and E- > 10 V (DC)
(*) Warning: During single-phase operation, check that the sensing wires from the AVR are connected to the correct output terminals.
Voltage colCheck the AVR, the surge The output voltage does not return
- Exciter winding open circuit
the rated value .
lapses during
suppressor, the rotating
- Faulty exciter armature
normal opera- diodes and replace any de- Faulty AVR
tion (**)
fective part
- Main field rotor winding open circuit or short circuit
(**) Warning: The AVR internal protection may cut in (overload lost connection, short circuit)
15
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SERVICING
Diode bridge
~ ~ ~
C
Anode
~ ~ ~
A
+ or
Cathode
A
A diode in good condition enables the current to flow in only one direction from Anode to Cathode
- Fig 20 -
When the output voltage is at its rated value and balanced within 1%, for the rated excitation level and rated
speed, then the machine is in good working order.
The fault must therefore come from the A.V.R. or its associated wiring (i.e. sensing, auxiliary windings)
6 - Exciter field 5 +
Diode 1A
Variac
50
90
10
80
20
70
100
16
AC
220V
12V battery
ASSEMBLY A
5+
60
30
40
6 - Exciter field
Rh. 50 -300W
- Fig 21 -
ASSEMBLY B
DC
12V
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
4.6 - Dismantling, reassembly
(see section 5.5.1. & 5.5.2.)
SERVICING
screw
M4
Torque N.m
4 N.m
Field screw
M6
10 N.m
M6
5 N.m
Diode nut
M5
4 N.m
Assembly rod
M8
20 N.m
Earthing screw
M6
5 N.m
Balancing bolt
M5
4 N.m
Discs/shaft screw
M10
66 N.m
Lifting screw
M8
4 N.m
Louvre screw
M6
5 N.m
Cover screw
M6
5 N.m
- Fig 22 -
4.6.4.1- Dismantling
- Remove the terminal box lid [48].
- Remove the air intake louvre [51].
- Unscrew the fixing clamps on the power output cables,
disconnect E+, E- on the exciter and R 791 module.
- Remove the 4 nuts on the tie rods.
- Remove the NDE bracket [36] using an extractor: eg.
U.32 - 350 .
- Remove the surge suppressor [347].
- Remove the 4 fixing screws from the diode bridges on
the armature.
- Disconnect the diodes.
- Check the 6 diodes using either an ohmmeter or a
battery lamp (see section 4.5.1).
4.6.4.2- Reassembly
- Replace the diodes, respecting the polarity (see section
4.5.1). Replace the surge suppressor [347].
- Insert a new O ring in the bearing housing.
- Refit the NDE bracket (see fig 23) and pass the bundle
NDE bracket
Rotor
M8
Threaded bar
- Fig 23 -
17
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
of wires between the top bars of the flange.
- Replace the fixing clamps on the cables and the R 791
module.
- Refit the air intake louvre [51].
- Replace the terminal box lid [48].
SERVICING
- Fig 25 -
- Fig 24 -
4.6.5.2- Reassembly
- Heat the inner slipring of a new bearing by induction or
in a drying oven at 80 C (do not use an oil bath) and fit it
to the machine.
- Place the preloading wavy washer [79] in the flange
and fit a new O ring seal [349].
- Replace the NDE bracket [36] (see section 4.6.4.2).
- Rest the rotor on one of its poles, then slide it out. Use
the tube as a lever arm to assist dismantling.
- After extraction, be careful with the fan. It is necessary
to replace the fan in case of disassembling.
NOTE: If intervention is required on the main field
(rewinding, replacement of components), the rotor
assembly must be rebalanced.
4.6.7.2 - Reassembly
- Follow the dismantling procedure in reverse order.
Take care not to knock the windings when refitting the
rotor in the stator.
- If you replace the fan, respect the assembly guide (fig
26). Use a tube and a screw.
4.6.6.1 - Dismantling
- Uncouple the alternator from the prime mover.
- Remove the 8 assembly screws.
- Remove the DE flange [30].
- Remove the NDE bracket (see section 4.6.4.1).
- Remove both bearings [60] and [70] using a puller.
4.6.6.2 - Reassembly
- Fit new bearings after heating them by induction or in a
drying oven at 80 C (do not use an oil bath).
- Check that both the preloading wavy washer [79] and
new O ring seal have been fitted [349] on the NDE bracket [36].
- Replace the DE flange [30], and tighten the 8 fixing
screws.
- Check that the whole machine is correctly assembled
and that all screws are fully tightened.
18
- Fig 26 -
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
4.7 - Electrical characteristics table
Alternator - 2/4 - pole - 50/60 Hz - No. 6 standard winding. (400V for the excitation values)
The voltage and current values are given for no-load
operation and operation at rated load with separate field
excitation. All values are given at 10% (for exact
values, consult the test report) and are subject to change
without prior warning.
Alternator 2 pole with SHUNT excitation
Resistances at 20C () - 50 / 60 Hz
SERVICING
1014
L/N stator
0,70
0,56
0,32
0,21
0,191
Rotor
2,06
2,3
2,71
3,35
3,7
Field
23,5
23,5
23,5
23,5
23,5
Armature
0,51
0,51
0,51
0,51
0,51
1012
L/N stator
0,76
0,61
0,4
0,22
0,16
Rotor
3,13
3,27
3,53
4,06
4,66
1014
Field
23,5
23,5
23,5
23,5
23,5
No-load
0,6
0,55
0,6
0,55
0,5
Armature
0,79
0,79
0,79
0,79
0,79
At rated
load
1,6
1,7
1,6
1,55
1,5
1012
No-load
0,4
0,4
0,4
0,45
0,4
At rated
load
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,7
1,7
1024
L/N stator
0,35
0,22
0,2
Rotor
2,71
3,35
3,7
0,3
0,26
0,23
0,5
0,44
0,41
Field
Armature
0,5
0,5
0,5
Auxil. wind.
X1, X2
Auxil. wind.
Z1, Z2
1024
No-load
0,9
0,8
0,75
At rated
load
2,4
2,35
2,3
19
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SPARE PARTS
5 - SPARE PARTS
5.1 - First maintenance parts
Emergency repair kits are available as an option.
They contain the following items:
No.
Description
Qty
1000 - SHUNT
Coding
R 230 B
LSA 411.1.59/60
No.
Description
LSA 411.1.17A
250 V - 8 A / slow
Qty
1000 - AREP
Coding
R 438 LS
LSA 411.1.59/60
LSA 411.1.17A
250 V - 8 A / fast
1000
Coding
60
D.E. bearing
6309 2RS/C3
70
N.D.E. bearing
6305 2RS/C3
No.
Description
WARNING
Part numbers should be identified from the exploded
views and their description in the parts list.
Our extensive network of "service stations" can dispatch the necessary parts without delay.
To ensure correct operation and the safety of our
machines, we recommend the use of original
manufacture spare parts.
In the event of failure to comply with this advice, the
manufacturer cannot be held responsible for any
damage.
20
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SPARE PARTS
48
367
49
132
124
323
324
30
198
120
347
322
15
33
37
343
344
100
70
349
79
91
90
36
51
28
- Fig 27 -
No.
Nbr.
1
4
15
28
30
33
36
37
48
49
51
70
79
90
91
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
20
1
1
1
1
4
Description
Stator assembly
Rotor assembly
Fan
Earth terminal
DE flange
Air outlet louvre
N.D.E. bracket
Tie rod
Terminal box lid
Terminal box fixing screw
Air intake louvre
NDE bearing
Preloading wavy washer
Wound exciter field
Field fixing screw
No.
Nbr.
100
120
124
132
198
322
323
324
343
344
347
367
349
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
Description
Exciter armature
Terminal plate support (AREP)
Terminal plate
Terminal box
Regulator (AVR)
Coupling disc
Fixing screw
Clamping washer
Direct diode assembly
Reverse diode assembly
Surge suppressor
Inspection door
O ring seal
21
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SPARE PARTS
48
367
49
132
124
410
30
15
198
120
33
37
28
347
343
344
100
70
349
79
91
90
36
60
- Fig 28 -
22
No.
Nbr.
1
4
15
28
30
33
36
37
48
49
51
60
70
79
90
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
20
1
1
1
1
1
Description
Stator assembly
Rotor assembly
Fan
Earth terminal
DE flange
Air outlet louvre
N.D.E. bracket
Tie rod
Terminal box lid
Terminal box fixing screw
Air intake louvre
DE bearing
NDE bearing
Preloading wavy washer
Wound exciter field
No.
Nbr.
91
100
120
124
132
198
343
344
347
367
349
410
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
Description
Field fixing screw
Exciter armature
Terminal plate support (AREP)
Terminal plate
Terminal box
Regulator (AVR)
Direct diode assembly
Reverse diode assembly
Surge suppressor
Inspection door
O ring seal
DE flange
51
ALTERNATOR maintenance
1000 Series 2 & 4 Pole
SPARE PARTS
42
323
324
30
37
322
43
15
28
347
343
344
100
70
349
79
91
90
36
51
33
- Fig 29 -
No.
Nbr.
1
4
15
28
30
33
36
37
42
43
51
70
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
Description
Stator assembly
Rotor assembly
Turbine
Earth terminal
DE flange
Air outlet grille
Exciter flange
Fixing rod
Cable gland support
Cable gland
Air intake grille
NDE bearing
No.
Nbr.
79
90
91
100
322
323
324
343
344
347
349
1
1
4
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
1
Description
Preloading wavy washer
Exciter field
Field fixing screw
Exciter armature
Coupling plate
Fixing screw
Clamping washer
Direct diode crescent
Reverse diode crescent
Surge suppressor
O ring seal
23