A paper presentation on

NANOROBOTS

Sri Vidyaniketan Engineering College

T.kavitha & B.prashanthi

Kavitha.svec@gmail.com

IIIYear

Department of ECE

ancillary

Abstract

tools

manufacturing
A new era on medicine are
expected to happen in the coming years.
Due to the advances in the field of
nanotechnology,
manufacturing

nanodevice
has

been

growing

gradually. From such achievements in

nanotechnology, and recent results in
biotechnology and genetics, the first
operating biological nanorobots are
expected to appear in the coming 5
years, and more complex diamonded
based nanorobots will become available
In terms of time it means a very
near better

future with significant

improvements in medicine. In this paper

we present a practical approach taken
on developing nanorobots for medicine
in the sense of using computational
nanomechatronics

techniques

as

investigating

design,

nanosystems

integration, sensing and actuation for

medicine applications. In fact, including
aspects of the physical environment in
conjunction with graphical visualization
provide

feasible

approach

for

automation and control design. The

automation, control, and manufacturing
of nanorobots are a challenging and
very new field. Realizing revolutionary
applications of nanorobots to health or
environmental

problems

raises

new

control challenges. The design and the

development

in about 10 years.

for

of

complex

nanomechatronic systems with high

performance should be addressed via
simulation to help pave the way for
future applications of nanorobots in
biomedical engineering problems.

Introduction

the medicine has enabled significant

wellness

for

the

life

quality

and

The use of robots in surgery has

longevity of the world population. And

provided additional tools for surgeons

for the coming years, we may be

enabling minimally invasive intervention

prepared to experiment even more

or even long distance tele-operated

benefits, as results from advances that

surgeries Indeed we may trust on human

are being pursued step by step in new

creativeness and technical capabilities

fields

that can ever be improved in terms of

nanobiotechnlogy.

of

science,

such

as

technical achievements. In recent years

FIG: The depicted blue cones show the sensors touching areas that trigger the
nanorobots behavior
With

the

expected

has actually become a reality .Hence,

miniaturization of devices provided by

with the NEMS recent advances on

several works on nanoelectromechanical

building nanodevices, and the

systems (NEMS), nanomanufacturing

development of interdisciplinary works,

nanomachines,

altogether may be translated in few years

nanorobots.

through the development of integrated

also

known

as

With the use of techniques that

being tele-operated to perform surgery,

are advancing rapidly, such as nano-

or

transducers, and bimolecular computing

supervising the human body in order to

nanorobots are expected to be able to

assist organs that may require some kind

operate in a well defined set of behaviors

of repair, is one of the most expected

performing pre-programmed tasks. Thus

revolutionary

in the coming few years, nanorobots

engineering problems.

The development of nanorobots

even

nanorobots

concentrates

tools

its

continually

for

biomedical

main

focus

on

is an emerging field with many aspects

developing nanorobot control and design

under investigation. Simulation is an

applied to nanomedicine.

essential tool for exploring alternatives

in

the

motion

organization,
planning,

nanomachines

and

exploring

configuration,
control
the

of

human

Nanorobot applications could be

focused mainly on two major areas, as
follows:

Nanorobots

for

surgical

interventions, as well as their utilization

body. The work we have been done

for patients that need

constant monitoring. The nanorobots

Advanced

require specific controls, sensors and

various levels of detail, giving a trade-

actuators, basically in accordance with

off between physical accuracy and the

each

ability to control large numbers of

kind

of

biomedical

problem.

simulations

can

include

nanorobots over relevant time scales

tandem

with reasonable computational effort.

technologies, so that when we are able to

Another advantage is that simulation can

build these devices, we will already have

be

a good background in how to control

done

in

advance

of

direct

experimentation. It is most efficient to

develop

the

control

technology

with

the

fabrication

them.

in

FIG: Rendering schematically the nanorobot sensors collision detection for

chemical signals molecular identification.
We

propose

computational

applications. Unlike the case of larger

mechatronics approaches as suitable way

robots, the dominant forces in this

to enable the fast development of

environment arise from viscosity of low

nanorobots

Reynolds

operating

environment

relevant

parameters

are

throughout

in
for

been
set

fluid
medical

implemented
of

different

investigations. We have been developing

practical

and

innovative

number

fluid

flow

and

Brownian motion and such

be useful as parameters for building
nanodevices, such as transducers and
actuators.

paradigms

based on the Nanorobot Control Design

Nanorobots for Medicine:

(NCD) simulator that allows fast design

In future decades the principal

testability comparing various control

focus in medicine will shift from

algorithms for nanorobots and their

medical science to medical engineering,

application for different tasks. Also such

where the design of medically-active

information generated by the NCD can

microscopic

machines

will

be

the

consequent result of techniques provided

from

human

molecular

structural

Through the use of different

approaches

such

as

biotechnology,

knowledge gained in the 20th and early

supramolecular chemistry, and scanning

21st centuries .For the feasibility of such

probes, both capabilities had been

achievements in nanomedicine, two

demonstrated to a limited degree as early

primary capabilities for fabrication must

as 1998. Despite quantum effects which

be fulfilled: fabrication and assembly of

impart a relative uncertainty to electron

nanoscale parts.

FIG: Textured vein inside view without the red cells. The tumor represented by the
pink sphere is located left at the wall. All the nanorobots swim near the wall
searching for the abnormal tissues.
Motivation:

manufacture of nanodevice building

One important challenge that has

blocks. Governments all around the

become evident as a vital problem in

world are directing significant resources

nanotechnology industrial applications is

toward

the

nanotechnology.

automation

of

atomic-scale

manipulation. The starting point of

the
At

fast

least

development

30

countries

of
have

nanotechnology to achieve the main goal

initiated activities in this field, and

of building systems at the nanoscale is

beyond

the development of control automation

investments to nanotechnology of US$

for molecular machine systems, which

800 million in Japan and US$ 774

could enable the massively parallel

million in USA .

that,

with

government

generalized
Developed Simulations:
A useful

starting

automation

control

for

molecular machine systems which could

point

for

achieving the main goal of building

enable a manufacturing schedule for

positional Nanoassembly manipulation.

nanoscale devices is the development of

FIG: View of the NCD

simulator workspace showing the cardiovascular
Occlusion, red blood cells and nanorobots.
The

collective

nanorobotics

approach proposed is one possible

FUTURE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY:

method to perform a massively-parallel

Nanotechnology is expected to

positional nanoassembly manipulation

have an impact on nearly every industry.

Moreover, nanorobots could also be

The U.S. National Science Foundation

applied in chemotherapy to combat

has predicted that the global market for

cancer through superior chemical dosage

nanotechnologies will reach $1 trillion or

administration, and a similar approach

more within 20 years.

could be taken to enable nanorobots to

deliver anti-HIV drugs.

Fixing One Cell at a Time

has

By 2020, scientist at Rutgers

University
robots

believes

will

be

that

injected

nano-sized
into

carbon

nanotube

body,

bimolecular motor that propels it and

peptide limbs to orient itself. Because it

the

is composed of biological elements such

bloodstream, and administer a drug

as DNA and proteins, it will be easily

directly to an infected cell. This robot

removed from the body.

Conclusion:

most CAD approaches provide only

Successful nanorobotic systems

animation or visualization tools, while

must be able to respond efficiently in

the NCD is a physically-based simulator.

real

time

to

changing

of

Furthermore, the architecture that

previously

was developed intended to enable the

examined from a control perspective.

incorporation and evaluation of several

Unlike some prior simulators for simple

control methods and distinct nanorobot

robots, developed nanorobots that are

shapes analyses.where the nanorobots

not restricted to a fixed grid nor behave

are being currently projected to be

as simple cellular automata with very

operating in the coming years

microenvironments

not

aspects

simple environments. Also by contrast,

References:
IEEE Transactions on NanoBioScience