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Mechanical Technology Nov Eng
Mechanical Technology Nov Eng
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY
NOVEMBER 2013
MARKS: 200
TIME: 3 hours
Copyright reserved
Mechanical Technology
2
NSC
DBE/November 2013
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Show ALL calculations and units. Round off final answers to TWO
decimal places.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
QUESTION
1
2
3
4
ASSESSMENT
STANDARDS
19
2
3
1, 4 and 5
5
6
7 and 9
6 and 8
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CONTENT
MARKS
TIME
Multiple-choice Questions
Tools and Equipment
Materials
Safety, Terminology and Joining
Methods
Maintenance and Turbines
Forces and Systems and Control
TOTAL
20
20
20
50
18 minutes
18 minutes
18 minutes
45 minutes
40
50
200
36 minutes
45 minutes
180 minutes
Mechanical Technology
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Avoid using compressed air to clean chips from the milling machine
because
A
B
C
D
1.2
(1)
(1)
1.5
1.4
(1)
1.3
(1)
0,45
0,3
0,7
1,5
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(1)
Mechanical Technology
1.6
C
D
(1)
(1)
1.9
Copper
Aluminium
Lead
Tungsten
1.8
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1.7
4
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(1)
Milling cutters
Work piece
FIGURE 1.1
A
B
C
D
Gang milling
Slab milling
Straddle milling
Up-cut milling
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(1)
Please turn over
Mechanical Technology
1.10
B
C
D
(1)
(1)
What is strain?
A
B
C
D
1.14
(1)
1.13
air
light
electronic
sound
Which TWO bottled gases are used for the MIG welding process?
A
B
C
D
1.12
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1.11
5
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Determined by dividing the load by the smallest actual crosssectional area of the test specimen
The ratio between the original length and the change in length when
an external force is applied
The amount of stress that a material can absorb without exceeding
its breaking stress
A measurement of the deformation produced by the application of
an external force
(1)
Engine
Power steering
Brakes
Gearbox
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(1)
Mechanical Technology
1.15
(1)
1.17
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1.16
6
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Rotary
Reciprocating (in straight line)
Oscillating (pendulum motion)
Linear
(1)
FIGURE 1.2
A
B
C
D
V-screw thread
Square screw thread
Acme screw thread
ISO Metric screw thread
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(1)
Mechanical Technology
1.18
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What is the stroke length (X) moved by the follower for the pear-shaped
cam shown in FIGURE 1.3 below, given that d 1 = 6 mm and d 2 = 12 mm?
d2
d1
FIGURE 1.3
A
B
C
D
1.19
(1)
1.20
18 mm
24 mm
2 mm
6 mm
(1)
83%
17%
103%
100%
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(1)
[20]
Mechanical Technology
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In terms of lathes and milling machines, what does the abbreviation CNC
stand for?
(2)
2.2
(3)
2.3
(1)
2.4
Identify and specify the type of equipment used to test the resistance to
bending, scratching, abrasion and/or cutting.
(2)
2.5
A taxi driver notices that his vehicle loses power. The mechanic will have
to conduct a compression test according to certain procedures. Give the
reason for carrying out each of the following procedures:
2.5.1
(1)
2.5.2
(1)
2.5.3
(1)
2.5.4
(1)
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Mechanical Technology
2.6
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E
D
C
B
A
FIGURE 2.1
2.6.1
(1)
2.6.2
(5)
2.6.3
(2)
[20]
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Mechanical Technology
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QUESTION 3: MATERIALS
3.1
3.2
The wheel rims on some vehicles are manufactured from mild steel. Others
are cast in aluminium alloys. Answer the questions that follow.
3.1.1
(3)
3.1.2
(2)
FIGURE 3.1 below shows tin snips. Answer the questions set on the tin snips.
FIGURE 3.1
3.2.1
(2)
3.2.2
(1)
3.3
3.4
3.5
(4)
3.4.1
(4)
3.4.2
(2)
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(2)
[20]
Mechanical Technology
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Sipho is using a bearing puller to remove bearings from a shaft. List FIVE
safety rules for the safe use of a bearing puller.
(5)
4.2
Specify FIVE general safety rules to be considered when using equipment like
the lathe and drill press.
(5)
4.3
(6)
4.4
A spur gear with 119 teeth must be machined onto a work piece.
Hint: Use (N = 120 and n = 119 divisions) OR (A = 120 and n = 119 divisions)
for the calculations. The dividing head ratio is 40 : 1.
4.4.1
(6)
4.4.2
(6)
4.4.3
(2)
4.5
4.6
4.7
(3)
4.6.1
Dividing head
(2)
4.6.2
Index plate
(2)
4.6.3
(2)
John works for Shai-Welco as a learner welder. Assist John by answering the
questions that follow.
4.7.1
(2)
4.7.2
(2)
4.7.3
(1)
4.7.4
(2)
4.7.5
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(4)
[50]
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Pour point
(2)
5.1.2
Viscosity
(2)
5.2
(5)
5.3
Give THREE reasons for using cutting fluid when working on the centre lathe.
(3)
5.4
(3)
5.5
Name the type of motor oil and grading that is used in the following systems
under South African conditions:
5.5.1
(2)
5.5.2
Manual transmission
(2)
5.5.3
Automatic transmission
(2)
5.6
(1)
5.7
C
D
F
E
FIGURE 5.1
5.7.1
(8)
5.7.2
(6)
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Mechanical Technology
5.8
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Lag
(2)
5.8.2
Boost
(2)
[40]
232 mm
25 kN
250 mm
Piston
A
Suier A
Suier BB
Piston
FIGURE 6.1
Determine, by means of calculations, the following: (Show ALL units.)
6.1.1
(6)
6.1.2
The force (F) that must be exerted onto piston A to lift the load of
25 kN on piston B
(6)
6.1.3
(6)
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Mechanical Technology
6.2
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6.3
6.2.1
(8)
6.2.2
(4)
6.2.3
(3)
The V-belt drive system of a compressor is shown in FIGURE 6.2 below. The
driver pulley of the belt drive system rotates at 2 700 r/min. The driver pulley
has a diameter of 210 mm. The compressor shaft must rotate at 1 000 r/min.
NDV = 1 000 r/min
DDV = ? mm
Compressor
Motor
FIGURE 6.2
6.4
6.3.1
(4)
6.3.2
(4)
(5)
6.4.2
(4)
[50]
TOTAL:
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Mechanical Technology
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BELT DRIVES
DN
60
1.1
Belt speed =
1.2
Belt speed =
1.3
1.4
Speed ratio =
1.5
N 1 D1 = N 2 D2
1.6
( D + d ) ( D d ) 2
+
+ 2c
Open - belt length =
2
4c
1.7
1.8
Power ( P ) =
1.9
1.10
Power ( P ) =
( D + t ) N
(t = belt thickness)
60
( D + d ) ( D + d )2
+
+ 2c
2
4c
2 NT
60
(T1 T2 ) D N
60
T1
T2
where T1 = force in the tight side
T2 = force on slack side
1.11
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Width =
T1
permissible tensile force
Mechanical Technology
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FRICTION CLUTCHES
2.1
Torque ( T ) = WnR
where = coefficient of friction
W = total force
n = number of friction surfaces
R = effective radius
2.2
3.
2 NT
60
3.1
Stress =
3.2
Strain ( ) =
3.3
3.4
3.5
4.
Power ( P ) =
Ashaft =
Apipe
or ( =
F
)
A
change in length ( L )
original length ( L )
stress
strain
or (
d 2
4
(D 2 d 2 )
=
4
HYDRAULICS
Force ( F )
Area ( A )
4.1
Pressure ( P ) =
4.2
F1 F2
=
A1 A2
4.3
4.4
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Mechanical Technology
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6.
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5.1
Velocity ratio ( VR ) =
5.2
Mechanical advantage ( MA ) =
5.3
MA
100%
VR
6.1
Mechanical advantage ( MA ) =
load ( W )
effort ( F )
6.2
6.3
6.4
Velocity ratio ( VR ) =
LEVERS
Load ( W )
Effort ( F )
input movement
output movement
SCREW THREADS
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
Number of turns =
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lead
pitch circumference
height
lead
Mechanical Technology
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GEAR DRIVES
8.1
Power ( P ) =
8.2
Gear ratio =
8.3
N input
N output
2 NT
60
8.4
8.5
8.6
Module ( m ) =
8.7
N 1T1 = N 2T2
8.8
8.9
8.10
Addendum ( a ) = module ( m )
8.11
Dedendum ( b ) = 1,157 m
or
Dedendum ( b ) = 1,25 m
8.12
or
8.13
Clearance ( c ) = 0,157 m
or
Clearance ( c ) = 0,25 m
8.14
Circular pitch ( CP ) = m
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Mechanical Technology
9.
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24
25
28
30
34
37
38
39
41
42
43
Side 2
46
47
49
51
53
54
57
58
59
62
66
28
32
9.1
Simple indexing =
9.2
Change gears:
40
48
56
64
or
Dr (A n) 40
=
Dv
A
1
or
CALCULATIONS OF FEED
10.1
Feed ( f ) = f 1 T N
Where: f = feed in millimetres per minute
f 1 = feed per tooth in millimetres
T = number of teeth on cutter
N = number of revolutions of cutter per minute
10.2
Cutting speed ( V ) = D N
Where: D = diameter of the cutter in metres
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72
86
40
( where n = number of divisions )
n
Dr
40
= ( A n )
Dv
A
10.
44
40
Dr
= (N n)
Dv
N
100