DRUG STUDY

GENERIC NAME: Amoxicillin

Novamoxin, Trimox

PREGNANCY CATEGORY: B

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: PO
capsules, suspensions
DRUG
CLASS

MODE OF
ACTION

INDICATIONS/
CONTRAINDICATION
S

BRAND NAME: Amoxil, Apo-Amoxi,

AVAILABLE STOCK: chewable tablets, tablets,

ADVERSE
REACTION

DRUG
INTERACTIONS

NURSING
CONSIDERAT
IONS

HEALTH
TEACHING
S

Therap
eutic:
antiinfective
s,
antiulcer
agents.

Binds to
bacterial cell
wall, causing
cell death.

Pharm
acologi
c:
aminope
nicillins

Indications: treatment
of skin infections,
respiratory infections,
genitourinary infections,
sinusitis, otitis media &
endocarditis
prophylaxis. It has been
used safetly in pregnant
and breastfeeding
women.
Contraindications:
hypersensitivity to
penicillins; tablets for
oral suspension contain
aspartame; avoid in
patient with
phenylketonuria.

CNS: seizures
GI:
Pseudomembran
ous colitis,
diarrhea nausea,
vomiting,
elevated liver
enzymes
Derm: rashes,
urticaria

Probenecid
decreases renal
excretion and
increases blood
levels of
amoxicillin.
It may increase
effect of warfarin.

Hemat: blood
dyscrasias

It may also
decreases
effectiveness of
oral
contraceptives.

Misc:
Anaphylaxis,
serum sickness

Allopurinol may
increase
frequency of rash.

Assess for
infection.
Obtain a history
before initiating
therapy to
determine
previous use of
and reactions to
penicillins or
cephalosporins.
Observe for
signs and
symptoms of
anaphylaxis.
Monitor BM.

Instruct the
patient to
take
medication
around the
clock and to
finish the
drug
completely as
directed,
even if
feeling better.
Instruct
patient to
notify
physician
immediately
if diarrhea,
superinfectio
n, abdominal
cramping,
fever, or
blood stools
occur.

DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: Ferrous Sulfate
Feosol, Fer-Iron

PREGNANCY CATEGORY: A

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: PO
DRUG

MODE OF

INDICATIONS/

BRAND NAME: Apo-Ferrous Sulfate,

AVAILABLE STOCK: Tablets, Syrups, Drops

ADVERSE

DRUG

NURSING

HEALTH

CLASS

ACTION

Therap
eutic:
antiane
mia
Pharm
acologi
c: iron
supplem
ent

An essential
mineral found
in hemoglobin,
myoglobin, and
many
enzymes.
Enters the
blood-stream
and is
transported to
the organs of
the
reticulomendot
helial system
(liver, spleen,
bone marrow),
where t is
separated out
and becomes
part of iron
stores.

CONTRAINDICATION
S

REACTION

Indications:
prevention/treatment
for iron deficiency
anemia.

CNS: seizures,
dizziness,
headache,
syncope.

Contraindications:
hemochromatosis,
hemosiderosis,
hypersensitivity. Use
cautiously in patients
with peptic ulcer,
ulcerative colitis or
regional enteritis.

CV: hypotension,
hypertension.
GI: nausea,
constipation,
dark stools,
diarrhea,
epigastric pain.

INTERACTIONS

CONSIDERAT
IONS

Oral iron
supplement
decreases
absorption of
tetracycline,
biphosphonates,
fluoroquinolones,
levothyroxine and
penicillamine.

Assess patent
for signs and
symptoms of
anaphylaxis.

TEACHING
S
Advise
patient that
stools may
become dark
green or
black and
that change
is harmless.

Decrease
absorption of and
decrease effects of
levodopa and
methyldopa.

Derm: urticaria.
Resp: cough
Misc: Staining of
teeth,
anaphylaxis.
Local: Skin
staining.

Chloramphenicol
and vitamin e may
decrease
hematologic
response to iron
theraphy.

DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: Mefenamic Acid
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: PO

PREGNANCY CATEGORY: C

BRAND NAME: Ponstel, Ponstant, Dolfenal

AVAILABLE STOCK: Capsule

DRUG
CLASS

MODE OF
ACTION

Therap
eutic:
Antiinflamm
atory
Drug

Mefenamic acid
inhibits the
enzymes
cyclooxygenas
e (COX)-1 and
COX-2 and
reduces the
formation of
prostaglandins
and
leukotrienes. It
also acts as an
antagonist at
prostaglandin
receptor sites.
It has analgesic
and antipyretic
properties with
minor antiinflammatory
activity.

INDICATIONS/
CONTRAINDICATION
S
Indications: Oral
Rheumatoid arthritis,
mild to moderate pain,
dental pain,
Postoperative pain,
Dysmenorrhea,
Osteoarthritis and
Menorrhagia.
Contraindications:
Inflammatory bowel
disease; peptic ulcer;
neonates; pregnancy
(#rd trimester),
lactation, Coronary
artery bypass graft
surgery, severe renal
impairment, severe
heart failure.

ADVERSE
REACTION
CNS: drowsiness,
headache,
syncope.
CV:
hypertension,
tachycardia
GI: nausea,
constipation,
diarrhea, ulcer,
dyspepsia,
vomiting,
anorexia,
abdominal pain,
gastritis.
Derm: rash,
urticaria.

DRUG
INTERACTIONS

NURSING
CONSIDERAT
IONS

HEALTH
TEACHING
S

Enhances activity
of oral
anticoagulant but
rarely significant.

Should be taken
after meal.

Instruct the
patient to
report to the
health care
provider
immediately
if adverse
effect occurs.

Increases risk of GI
irritation with
alcohol.
Absorption
increased by
magnesium
hydroxide
antacids.
ACE inhibitor
effects may be
antagonized.

DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: Encifer

PREGNANCY CATEGORY: --

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: PO

BRAND NAME: -AVAILABLE STOCK: --

DRUG
CLASS
Therap
eutic:
Antiane
mia

MODE OF
ACTION
--

INDICATIONS/
CONTRAINDICATION
S
Indications: -Contraindications: --

ADVERSE
REACTION
CNS: drowsiness,
headache,
dizziness.

DRUG
INTERACTIONS

NURSING
CONSIDERAT
IONS

--

--

CV:
hypertension,
hypotension.
GI: nausea,
diarrhea,
vomiting,
abdominal pain

HEALTH
TEACHING
S
Instruct the
patient to
report to the
health care
provider
immediately
if adverse
effect occurs.

Derm: Skin
irritation,
pruritus.
Musc:
musculoskeletal
pain, malaise,
cramps.

DRUG STUDY
GENERIC NAME: Normal Saline Solution (Sodium Chloride)

PREGNANCY CATEGORY: ---

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: IV

AVAILABLE STOCK: Injections

BRAND NAME: ---

DRUG
CLASS

MODE OF
ACTION

INDICATIONS/
CONTRAINDICATION
S

Isotonic
voume
expande
relectrol
yte
replace
ment.

Normal Saline
is a sterile,
nonpyrogenic
solution for
fluid and
electrolyte
replenishment.
It contains no
antimicrobial
agents. The pH
is 5.0 (4.5 to
7.0). It also
contains 9 g/L
Sodium
Chloride with
an osmolarity
of 308
mOsmol/L.

Indications: It is
indicated as a a source
of water and
electrolytes. In general,
IV lines should not be
started unless the
patient currently, or
may soon need either
fluid replenishment or
medication
administration.

Multivitamin
Route: PO

Contraindications:
Severe hypertension,
Pulmonary edema.

ADVERSE
REACTION
Reactions which
may occur
because of the
solution or the
technique of
administration
include febrile
response,
infection at the
site of injection,
venous
thrombosis or
phlebitis
extending from
the site of
injection,
extravasation,
and
hypervolemia.

DRUG
INTERACTIONS

NURSING
CONSIDERAT
IONS

HEALTH
TEACHING
S

Compatible with
most, if not all,
EMS medications.

If administering a
fluid bolus check
BP and lung
sounds every
250cc.
Discontinue bolus
if pulmonary
edema is
discovered, or
once BP is in
therapeutic range
(generally SBP
above 90
mm/Hg). Avoid
hypervolemia. It
should be used
with great care, if
at all, in patients
with congestive
heart failure,
severe renal
insufficiency and
in clinical states
in which there
exists edema with
sodium retention.
In patients with
diminished renal
function,
administration of
Normal Saline
may result in
sodium retention.

Instruct the
patient to
report to the
health care
provider
immediately
if adverse
effect occurs.

Mode of action/Indication: Dietary supplement for the treatment and prevention of vitamin deficiencies. These
vitamins are necessary for normal growth and development. Many act as coenzymes or catalysts in numerous
metabolic processes.
Adverse effect: GU; Urine discoloration, Misc: allergic reactions to preservatives, additives, or colorants.
Drug reaction: Hypersensitivity to preservatives, colorants, or additives including tartrazine, saccharin, and
aspartame.
Nursing consideration/Contraindication: Should be avoided in patients with known alcohol intolerance.
Health teaching: Teach the patient the following about this medication: chewable tablets should not be curshed or
chewed before swallowing a well balanced diet is the best source of vitamins.