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PhytoNanotechnology

Prof.D.SAKTHIKUMAR

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PhytoNanotechnology
Nanotechnology, ever since its advent, has become synonymous with electronics and biomedical applications. Very few have ventured into the arena of
phytooragronanotechnology,possiblyduetocomplexityoftheplantsystemsandvariousotherlimitations.Muchoftheplantnanotechnologyrelationship
hasbeenrevolvingaroundthesynthesisofdiversenanoparticlesemployingtheextractsofdifferentpartsofplantsviz.,seeds,flowers,leaves,rootsetc.Off
late,withanincreaseinthewidespreadsynthesisanduseofnanomaterials,muchofwhichareknowingly/unknowinglyreleasedintotheenvironment,focus
has shifted to their fate and consequent effects on the life forms. With concerns of toxicity, concurrent attention has been driven to their uptake,
translocationandbiotransformationintheplantsystems.Thoughtoomuchofanythingistoxic,observationshavealsobeenmadeonthebeneficialaspects
ofvariousnanomaterialswhichhavebeenfoundtoenhancewaterandnutrientuptake,gaseousexchange,anddeliveryofcrucialchemicalstotheplants.
Asourgrouptooisconcentratedonthesynthesisofvariednanomaterials,itwasonlytoorelevantthattheirenvironmentaleffectsbemonitored.Apartfrom
thetoxicityanalysis,studieshavebeeninitiatedinthefollowingareas;
Roleofdifferentnanomaterialsontheenhancementofplantgrowthcharacteristics.
Observationsofvitalmetabolicparametersasphotosynthesis,respiration,reproduction,yieldetc.
Administration ofnanopesticides, herbicides and fertilizers in a more efficient and safe manner by controlling precisely when and where they are
released.
Trackingnanomaterialsintheplantsystemutilizingfluorescentdyesandquantumdots.
Theoverallfateofdifferentnanomaterialsinplants,generationaltransferandtheirexposurepathwaysintheenvironment.

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Apartfromtheapplicationofnanotechnologytoplants,thesustainableutilizationofplantproductsinnanotechnologyisalsobeinginvestigated.Mostofthe
plantmediatedsynthesisofnanomaterialsarebasedonfoodorcashcrops.Suchapracticemayseementicingnowbutinthelongtermwillposetremendous
pressureontheeverincreasingdemandofthesecrops.Therefore,wehaveinitiatedapromisingalternativetoutilizenonedible,alternativeplantresources
forthesynthesisofnanomaterialsandtheirutilizationinfieldsasnanodrugdeliveryandtherelated.Suchapracticewillnotonlybypassthefoodcrops,but
alsoelevatetheeconomicprospectsofthesealternativecropspecies.

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References:
1. Nanoparticulate material delivery to plants (Review). Remya Nair, BaijuGovindan, S. Varghese, Y. Yoshida, T. Hanajiri, T. Maekawa, D. S. Kumar, Plant
science179(3)(2010)154163
2. UptakeofFITClabeledsilicananoparticlesandquantumdotsbyriceseedlings:Effectsonseedgerminationandtheirpotentialasbiolabelsforplants.
RemyaNair,AbyC.P.,Y.Nagaoka,Y.Yoshida,T.Maekawa,D.S.Kumar,JournalofFluorescence(2011)21:20572068.
3. Effectofcarbonnanomaterialsonthegerminationandgrowthofriceplants.RemyaNair,M.SheikhMohamed,WeiGao,T.Maekawa,Y.Yoshida,P.M.
Ajayan,D.S.Kumar,JournalofNanoscienceandNanotechnology(2012)12(3):221220.
4. NonDestructive harvesting of biogenic gold nanoparticles from japtrophacurcas seed meal and shell extracts and their application as biodiagnostic
photothermalablaterslendingshinetobiodieselbyproducts.M.SheikhMohamed,A.Baliyan,SrivaniV.,AbyC.P.,Y.Nagaoka,H.Minegishi,Y.Yoshida,T.
Maekawa,D.S.Kumar,NanomaterialsandtheEnvironment(2012)10.2478/nanome20120002.
5. Type 1 RibotoxinCurcin Conjugated Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles for a Multimodal Therapeutic Approach towards Brain Cancer. M. Sheikh Mohamed,
SrivaniV.,AbyC.P.,Y.Nagaoka,H.Minegishi,Y.Yoshida,T.Maekawa,D.S.Kumar,BiochimicaetBiophysicaActaGeneralSubjects&Nanomaterialsand
theEnvironment(2013)(Inpress).

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