Lets Do Mathematics

CONTENTS
Page

2.
3.
4.

Addition and Subtraction

Place Value; Thousands
Addition and Subtraction. Number, Sequences/Place Value
Solid Shapes; Calendar Time

5. Numbers
6. Solid Shapes: Length
7. Odd and Even Numbers: Fractions; Ordinals
8. Factors
9. Measurement
10.

6
10
l6
21

30
35
39
46
50

Time

56
63
71

Multip&athm
Multiplication

Shapes

78
84

XX
93
97

99
103
113

116
Numerals; Rounding Numbers

120
124

Symmetry Lines
Solving; Fractions
Fractions

126

131
139
147

150
Subsets

152

UNIT 1

ADDITION and SUBTRACTION

Let us see how mudi we nrnwmher fran Grade 3.

Here is your firs: problem
+

Susan worked a like rims:

134
100.30+4
263 = 200+60+3
300+M)+7
-

=397

134
261

I-cicr worked

ii lite tHis:

II T C)
I
3 4
26 3
3

Remcmhcr. shcn adding. we stan with the ones.

Look at this problem.

156= 100+506
+217 a 200+10+7
= 300+60+13
300+60+10+3

300+703

shorter way.

TO
13
6
-t

4..

&

ci

8Z1
OO

oc + 001

+ ooc

L+0L+0Z0(]I

L+0+001

LEt

c+o1+ocoocc+o9+0oc=c9c
:iuns p
puIqns cn

SII 1Z

S1Z 1L (p

9L1

ZSI E

61

(q

8l

19

III
VX

it

MON

1 (

(P

W9WE+UI3t,EWE

HV

StIS

88LS (P

+ w

EZIS

LU

(3

St
8E

I
8

LU3

6V1S
tL9S

ttIS

01

(q

SZ

(113

LU

rEiS

crrs

.1

u1

ZLL (P

IVZ

65

(3

.+9( (p

IV+LLV

(3

891+O (P

9v1+EZX

(3

tX

(q

9E

(q

161+
8ES

61Z
911

LZI+

SIZ+

ZL9

91

C t

(Z

(Pt

:3sq1 11MON
V P1I

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cLi tzScz I

Zi
L

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W)

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t-

LU

LU

(P

It

U13

(3

oLt$ (

LU3

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oas

(C

Z1I$
cas

ocss

C .1

(1 PJ1

II91 oct cp

61

9I L9

6tL

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LIt9L C

LZ
ctL

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01

I[sooiL&jo 11700

ir

11900

Exercise
Complete these:
900+ 59=

)huntireLF. + Ihundn.d
thousahd

10 hundreds or one

:
-

Exertise F

Coniplee theie
U

(1.

:5
U.

1[hnnI

2.

Keep increasing thtse numbers by Ift

Makr five brga numbers.
Thefim*isdoneforyou.

&;..:,30, ::,_,::

Decrcaisc these by 5.
Make five smaller numben,
Thcfirsthdonclory*i.
a)125..,

b)
) IZ
d) 144)

4.

Climb p from

down

oiha

ynu

.:.

UNIT 2

PLACE VALUE; THOUSANDS

This group of squares shows one hundred.
(irop 10 of these.
10 hudred = I thouswid

[-till II I
i1

fo,.d,2i(

Look at how l(XX is shown on the place value chart below.

THOUSANDS

TENS

ONES

Jo

Which digit is in the ones place?

Which digit is in the Lens place?
Which digit is in the hundreds
place? Which digit is in the
thousands place?
What is the place value of the first zero?
What is the place value of the second
zero? What is the place value of the third
zero
1000 in expended rn is:
I thousand 0 hunJ,ed, + 0 tens +0 ones
+0+2

Eei-cii

Write the

nwncral r1imcs tor Icsc

6. 94fl)

4. 7000

Ihousand!.
IIrnu
%ands
1
thousands
Ihoiisand% 4
I.

,.

ihtuands
4

ihoias.arids

cns 4
tens +

hLlndrctb. +

hundrcd.
+

hunLhds

len.. +

hundred!. +
hundn.ds +
hundnds

lcr%

tens

lens
+
+

LLok at ihc abaul%.

Hw many objct, tire in th thoujnj
place? Ho niy objects irc in the

hindred pb*x?

Are there an objects tn the Lcn,./one. plax7

Whid the numeral It you said 32(M). you are
orreel

Read this as three thousand (wq hundred.

Eerdw C
Read the riumcr.mls in the ahacji, Wriw

them.

(1)

jTH

C)

:1.

:.

h
f_

C.

B
6
0

C.

REVIEW

M.,C1, acII owM hh

i 30(10=

c)

5XK)=

2(NM)=

1 XH)=

3.

Co.npkse thcsc:
1)

IOO,nonthan2tM)is_

h)

34K) more than 454X is

C)

1X)rnorethan6OflOts_

d) 200 ks than 7000 is

e)

400 kthan 53(K)

fl

60() Ic.s than X20() is

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION,

NUMBER, SEQUENCES/PLACE VALUE

UNIT 3
Look at this cable

9 IC

S
S .15

Jse the aaaItlQn

Add zen to all the numerils on the top hoe.
What arc the answers
0+0 =0. 0 1= 1.0+2 z 2. 0+3 i 3.0+4
Ls there a palteri(
.

Zero added to any number

nurnbr itself.

is the

uhLraci zero from all the

WIit arc the dnswer5?

numr.ils on the top line.

0-0O. 1-0= 1.2-0=2.3.0=3.4-0=4

-

apaIern?

Zero uhuactegj from any

number i% the number ib.elf

:;: II!

WL

_oI

R9X

cc:

cL

Et9

+
)

OQt,

(3
ppv

V PJI

u?Lp iu p
%i3qwnu (MI q!q UI J31J() ta

.ZZ%UV
ZN

)J1

4LJI

9I

qi LU?% ZLj1 U.)%UC 31(1 3.J\1 33!1O1I flOA OP

.=.+.

.-

Z=I+

01

9=

rLI:y

0 31(1

LJUJ

)$

z;:

3uq LIOl 3111 1)0 %IRJ3IUflU 3q1 NV (

11? Op.J

9.

S..
5
fl.

.. ...

a3unh%
S

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c puqn

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woi.

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rc

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r-

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TV
TV

Lunrn3d

ii ar3I nu nos( oc

131J3t3 Uj %P3190 atp IUIXfl

Rcmcmbcr

Look tcw the pattern.

the numcra1 given as your guide.
Add ot subtract,
Each line stands for a missing numeral.
Mace aluc

Look at hri,c
We can see objects ineach place.
It shows 3 thousands. 4 hundreds. 2 tens. I
onc The nutnerdi Is 3421.
Read this as three thousand four hundred and twenty one.
Th.sandJj1undteds

Tens

Ones

Look at the place value chart

Which digit s in the thousands place? The hundreds place? The tens place?
The numeral shown on the place value chart is 4 963. Iireads four thousand nine hundred and
sixty three.

Isrctsc I)
I.

2.

Wrhc the nuutS for these:

a)

3952

th 4725

5836

e)

6514

c)

7263

fl

9389

Wnte the cpankd form fw these,

The first one is done for you.

a)

l579

hI

5617

C)

4782

I thousand
thtiusaiids

thousands

5 hrnJds

7 fts

hundreds lens
hundreds

lens

9 os
Ones
ones

UNIT 4

SOLID SHAPES; CALENDAR TIME

Naming Solid Shapes

Look al these:

I
cone

cylrn&r

spficrc

Wt set ihesc shapes every dy around us.

lhc s,berc is scen in the shape of balls, the globe, marbles. etc.

Exereise A
Now copy each pictun and draw three objects with the shape of the solid in the picture.

hail

2.

arNe

The pictures bclow. chov objects macic up of solid shapes

Nane e
N_

piciiwc.

iic_h phcsn. Vat cssmpk

16

1obe

:sup IrlIuiqpwo

sp qi r int)

PW dq%

II U?d4)

!11 ILI4M

Vn iii

slaIj woJ1 siepo 6upej

.
ipU!I(

.)uo:

p!q

3I%

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A

IdYHS

pp1dtuc

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nft( .)drq

LV

4q

pSj

-r

Fch side bob like a square.

When we on solid shapes like Idid. Lhc shape we gel is called a net.
So, we can open a cube-shaped box.
We have a net for a cube.

F.xercise B

Now carcfully irac chi% nd.

Cut it out.
Fold aloflg thc doned lines to make a
cube Paste or tape thc edges in place.

4i

This is a picture of a cuboid.

Trace and cut out the net

Fold along the dotted lines
Paste or tape the edges to
Here arc two other nets.
Trace. cut out fold and paste.
Name the shapes you make

I
I

I
I
I

I
II

18

unc

4.

that

ii

Jiapc fur each net.

a
a
I

(Th
I

I
I

in doubt. tr.tc. ui out. Fold and paste to fliJ

(aaJ,

Calendar Time
bay, and cek% in a month.
tuiJ>

this:

I:%CIT

Now name the rnonth. which ha%e thirty-onc days.

How niii months have 34) days!
IiiW fl1QI) months have 31 day%?
2.

1.4)0k at ihs calendar

Ruil
%1mid,i

1Ucsda

%%dncsd

[rld.

10

II

12

13

14

15

16

17

19

20

21

23

14

25

2(

27

28

34

3:

Ho min days are there in this rnonth

Namc the 1ays of the first wcck in this
nlotuh Name the lays of the last week in

month, How many weeks are therein

this month How many days are there one
week?
this

SuIurdij

Eburdiu

Arc thcrc days other than those in the first three weeks!
If so, how many?
Why does the firsi day in Manh begin on a Thesday?
Group the days of eich month on your calendar to show wccb
Count the weeks and ctra days in each month.
Is there the same number of weck. in each month?

Rcmembcr
7 thy make Iweck

I month

4wcckmakc

Copy and complctc.

Write the nanies of the months of the year in order. c.g
Months

No. of Days

January

31

No. of Weeks

Which month has thc Icasi number of days?

What irflpoiaflL event (to Guyr OCCUrS lfl the %hnrtest month of the year?
What eke is igni1want about that niotith7

Days, Weeks and Months in a Year

Exeriise I)
I.

I iL al the calendar in your classroom.

Read the names cii the month. in
order.
How

many

Tell the

month.
2.

,iimher

mornhs

ar

theic

rn

of days in each

Group all the days to how weeks.

Be sure to put each day of the year into a
week.
How many weeks are their in a
year? How many days are there in
the year? Is this a leap year

How can you

tell
If this was a leap year how many days would there
he

Which month has the additional day?

year?
52

20

UNIT 5

NUMBERS

Arranging. Ordering and Comparing

9. 0. 5. 3. I. 6. 2. K. 4, 7
ihese are the digits wc use in Mathcmaiics.
We can ccdcr digt%.
9, 5. 3. 2
Read thi,:
hi 2. 3. 5. 9
(n what w*r gr thdii set drn.n in cch?
We can write nwnbers bcginninfl

1with the

ai

Iargct or the

xmaL

%%ntc die nutnerals Begin wdh the brcst.

2,4. 6

I, 7, 5

4. 6, 8

5,0, 9. 3

b Write thc% numeri1. Begin iih the sniaI1eM

6,2,4
5.3.7
7.1.8.3
9.6.5.3

ILok atthe%c

9,0.5.3,1.6.2.8.4.7
They ar onc-digil numerals.
Hrc arc %ime other numcrak.
a) M
hi 6M
2153
How t,any dtglt% are there in

There are 2-digit. 3thgii. and 4-Lhgi numerals

Mkc 2-digtt numcrak with Lhese digiL%.

rhc lir%t ne done for you
a) 9. 2 Numcrah.
29 and 92
d) 9.()
C) 8,1
b 5.3

c) 7.4

21

4.

Mikc as many 3-digit numerals as you can with thesc dg1ts.

a) 4.1,5
h) 3,0.8
C) 2,6.7
d) 9.2.5

5.

Make as many 4-digit nwnerals as you an

a) 4. 5. 1.6
C) 9,6. 2, 4
b) 3. 5. 6. 2

Arrangiiig digits to fucm numcr.d%,

Exarnpk:

4, 6, 3
Digits
Largest: 643
Smallest: 346

Fcervtce H
Arrangc each set of digii. to fnnn the smallest poisibIc numeral. The first one is done for
you
a) 5. Numeral 45
b) 7,
d) 4, 3. 7. 5
C)
3.
e) 9.
1) 2,9,
g) 7.3.2
Arrange eich to fonu the largest possible numeral.
a) 4.,?
b) 1.
C) 4.0.7
c) 1.1.2,4
fl3.0.5,t
-I

1234

1235

d) 2,4.7

-I

1236

Read the numerals on the number

line. Follow the direction of the top
arrow Nw read them again.
Follow the direction of thc bottom arrow

1237

123x

1239

Ixercisc C
I.

Put the following in the corrccl

order.
Begin with th rnaflest,
) 46. 97. 23. 5$. 70

Put the following rn the correct order.

Begin with the largest.
a) 42, 56, $2. 60.94

2.

h 434, 275, L)Q7 311

293%, 2602. 3010. 102$

h 705,416,1St. 2X), 329

c) t0$7. 1111,4275, 1139,70(k)

3.

C)

Cornplctc the sequences.

59. . 62. 63
bj 3$9.._. 391, 392, ,_,394
c) I399I39$.
13%,
_,

dt 2400.

LA)L$ at tti

2404

iiumhcr linr,
-

1234

1236

1235

1237

123$

1239

Which is the largest numeral?

Which is the malIcsi numeral?
Is 1326 larger or smaller than I 328?
c use the symbols >. < and to conipare numerals.

Fcrvi.r I)
I.

Usc ),<or

a) 35

to iomparc thcc:

d 1007

C] 107

I,) 63

U630

e) 1851

C] 1X51

c) (>42
f) 2001

C] 162
C] 2O()I

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(
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61

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zsc

saIdwPx3 J4I()

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4.

r)

-.3

$45

.1

$297
$314

sis7q

So
2O

$291
:S43

5.

g
:7

4.

kg
471

herris F
ctfl:

I.

A tirnir h% ti tcnce ihrcc fields mcasunhlg IKU nietres. 3(k nle(r% and 2t5 rnetrc
1-10W rnan metns in all ha he to fenx?

Four pieces 4,1 cTq jw, wiih lcngihs 45 cm. I)i

decoraic a
,wm Whai j Jhc h,JaJ frfltj, of crcpc pcr used?
4

Find the toal

amnunt

Montity
%e

iucsday
[hursda%

Z.

1y

Orangce

S12t)

_Thecse flwcL

SXO

I ca

a.vahaIk
ow :jc1 w
-

6.

iJt,

a cQllv

4OO()

Ru )cv .tcrrs

()cm and cm ar joined to

collected for ncspacr saic on the fi,lkiwin days.

S2500

escay

cm,

o was takcr (c bake: I

2::, S393.
and S1700.
ow n.-tcF :nc.ncs wa

S.%(IO()

7.

Bob ha a mass of 45 kg. Tony 36 kg and Lal 38 kg.

Find the total numbcr f kg they havc altogcthci.
Find thc ioial ma I

2Wg

45.g

ZJg

Subtraction
36
24

3985
2674
1311

102
330

Fcrcjst F
Find Lbc dh1icnnce:
92

4005
1002

-)
-

9123
1413

,054

-.

d)

1032

I)

J Ii

K32
26

The

II) 13

7)12%

1465
_6458

Remenibci
in subtraiion
ditrerencc

400
200

7.
333

3425
2115

8420
-1310

3.

Subtrcc these:

Remcmbcr to rcgri,up.

4.

56
-27

b)

6b6
437

ai
-

5.

76
39

c)

50
32

d)

436

c)

385
278

d)

227

40
_1

e)

680

C)

90
34

237

450
228

Work these
a) 10042
N 856713
C)

How much Ies than 2036 is 1749?

d) From 493 sub(rat $5.

e By how much i 934 greater than 462?

6.

a)
-

$
325
102

C)

1502

cm
50
20

d)

cm

10

45

2]

IxerdG
Now sohe the%c pribkrn.:
I.

A dress costs $2500. Sally buys a dress.

She givcs the seller a five hundred dollar bill.
Ho much change does she get?

2.

Han art book cosLc S595 and a pack olvrayons costs S278, bow much more than the crayons
doc the art book cost?

3.

A roll of barbed wire has 600 metres. Mr. Singh used 24 metres to fence hisgarden piot,
How many metres were left on the roll?

4.

The rna.s of a bag of lice 1% 120 kg. Thc m.of a bag of flour is 210 kg. What is the

diTe,eoce
in their masses?
5.

A bos of cereal has 596 g. Alter four days 237 g were used How many grams of cereal remain
in the bo.?

6.

4fl mi a(cyip are rim a ue iioetk. 21.t r&

millilitres remain iii 11w large bottle?

27

poured Iflhi,

a .smaiJei hoIJJe. Now jjjy

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LET US LOOK BACK

I.

a)

b)

59O
t3110

2(n) + 10 4
3(W)60

C)

2.

m
5
I

Find ihpaurn.

Copy and cmpkie:

a 1441.

(50.

b, 535.

520.

c) 410ii.

3.

670
505.
_,

4109.

Place the coxrect symbol >, <or

41W

lo

complete thcse.

b) 3520

birthday falls

LS

6.

N1 the

4520

last day of June. what date is his birthday?

a Monday. hai is the date of the nci Monday?

If March I is a Saiurda, what day of the week Is Mtreh 2H?

cm
2
12

UNIT 6

SOLID SHAPES; LENGTH

Surfaces, Edges and Vertices

Innh a* Lhesc:

Exrdse A
Now do these:
Take your crayon box or any other small box that iiavailable.
a Pass your hand over all the surfaces.
How many surfaces are there?
How many of the surfaces arc
curved? How many of the surfaces
are f1a? Name the shape of your box.
h) Pass your finger over all the edges.
How many edges are thcre?

How many of die edges are curved?

How many of the edges are %tnughi?
c) Use a crayon to mark all the corners on ths box.
How many corners arc there?
i,thmhacoo,
A

Now use objects wiih the shape of a euhe. conc. cylinder and sphere.
Count and describe the surfaces, edges and vertices on each.

30

Record your fmdings on a table like this:

Shdpe

cuboid

Number 011 Number o Number of Number of Number ot Number of Number of

straigbt
vertices
flai
cw-ed
edges
curved
surfaces
edges
edges
surfaces
surfaces
6

12

cylinder

spherel
-

fla surfaces slide.

LS_irfaces
LENGTH
Non-Standard tnL

Each ts a unit of measure

erdse B

12

b) Wjihouc using the unit EO fl1caurc. icil:

How many of your chosen unit will be needed to measure the object
c Now measure to find out

Rccord your estimates and the wtu4I measures on a tahlc like this.

Wcj with the children rn your class or group.

Each child should hac a piece of string that mcasure. his or her height.
D the*e:
a) E.%timatc how many times your sthng will wrap around your head, wrist. hips. neck. tnd
waist
hI Wrup it to find out.
c) Compare your findings With those of your friends.
Who has the longest piece of string? Why?
Who has the shoriest piece of siring? Why?
f) How many pieces of suing are longer than yours? Shorter than yours? The same lcnth
as

yours?
a card with your narn on your piecc of string like this:
Htse the other children do the same.
Now arrange the pieces of string in order from the shoncst to the longest.
Take your fricnd.c and stand in a line according to the position of your piece of sthng.
Check the result with the orde, of the pieces of stnng.
Is it the same or different?

Use a match stick as a unit for measuring length.

mc n , are tbc Jcn flJ, ol cub imr segment below with this unit.
-

WUi

uwainw

JJJI

pjnsw

flP

iopq iqi

j
34)

UI LUJI?

ixj qwnqi

1WU3JilOiC sPM

UI

ooq

zidwo3 puP Ldoj

1fl4)

J1UIJ

0)

jn

SLaLL .fflL>A

Jo

LI

4$

41

41

41

(q

puij 0) 3iflSI4

tp1U qi

ptunci ( I

pn ft 1ULIiJflSW jo huh tvq\

I
r

I
II

1I3Ud

34) 3Uflj

3SO M04 )flO

U4)

4$

1fl%1?4

i.iu iooq Ivw3qI9sj

3fl01(

i13W!)L

4$

II

Jtw flip P

OOJ

io aiawnueo
%4dUI

Iflfl P ifl!M s2wsip sr.o( mdwo3

SJflSt3W JIt1 CJUZ DI J311U P

ajiwuw

iqi noi(

iuuz

pcqm

LII(

ci

siuwc utj ip

tpc Jo

S1U Ip

oz - c
Ifl4XpI

an,dwo oi qitp

Estimate the knths of these m metres.

ii) The top of your desk.
The door.
iii) The floor
your classroom,
iv) Your height and die height of your
friends.
metre
table,
Record

tape mcasure to verify the measurement.

estimates with the actual measurement,

How many of your estimates were aecurate
How imany wei too high
How many were too low?

Compare

a) Without measuring, give the length of each cif the following in metres:
Your school yard. the classroom wall,
The school building, your teachers height.

b) Use your metre stick to measure and verify.

Record and compare the lengths of each of the above.

Make ti graph o show the heights of the chidrcn in your group.

34

UNIT 7

ODD AND EVEN NUMBERS;

FRACTIONS; ORDINALS

Look at these:

Odd numberi are one step bacL een numbm are one step forward.
Th
I
Remember
1:
[;(1daumbers end with 1,3, 5.7 or 9
Even numbers end with 2.4.6, 8 or

Play this game with a friend

Group these numbers as 01)1) or FVFN
Place each fish caught in the group.
Take Ipoint for each fish you pace corredly
The player with the most points is die winner.

01)1)

Fractions
Ii
2

Ii
16

Exerdse A

a) Shadctoshov

C)

Shade to show

d) Shade to show

Fraction of a set
We can find a fraction of a sd.
To find one half of a set, we divide the set into two equal pans 111cc this:

r..r..e

How many beads do we hae in cah plrt?

Since each part has the samc number of
we say the parts arc equal.
rh part ii one half of the set of heads.
i

OnchaIfofI2is6
12

36

How many beads do we have in cach part?

What is each part called?
What is one quarter of 16?
One quaner of 16 is 4.

!t1

16=4
this

Do this

of this set of Iwgi

in
different ways. look at the diagram opposite.

F.111r&

To show

i1i] h.L.iL.i

How many beads do you have in each

part?

What is one eighth of I6?

-

I..H..1

Iof 16=2

Exercise B
I.

Try these:

Use diagrams to help you

C)

of8

d)

of2O

g)

1)

of24

Remember
The dtnomlnatnr of a fiaction ICI1S jO

bow many equal pans the set must he

divided,
The aumeriltor telb uhow many e44uaJ parts te
taken our of the whole.

of 32 mcan. 32 musl be divided into 4 equal parts.

i.e.

8one part8

i.e
.of328

o116

of t2

37

r)

of 64

g)

of 64

of 20

h)

Iof

I.40

of 40

I)

of 24

e)

j)

Ordinals Beyond 31St

Exercise C

olvc

t.54

a. I

35th

Z)

L3rd

32nd

Sally is now making her 40th jump. Copy and write in the other for her.

The picture slaiws the order in which three of them caine in.
boy and John was
If Peter was the 61st boy then Joe was
the
the

boy.

f 24

of 50

lx

UNIT 8

FACTORS

Factors of 1-digit Numerals

Look at some other patterns

We say 1 row of6

......

at )m ther paticrus.
Tn and dscnh ihem

Rcad ihcm like this:

3 rows of 2

2 rows of:

6 rows o I

What patterns can you find?

Herr are the multplicauon sentences for the palIerns

Read them:
2x,.i-6

3x,=6

6x1=6

Here are the numerals we used

I.2. 3. and 6.
These are called the factors or 6
Wnie them like this, the risof 6 are I,2. 3. and 6.

Excrekc A
I.

Make drawings to show the factors of 4. 3. 8. 9, 2

Write all the factors of each.
write the factors of a number
in ordcr from smaJles* to largca*.

2.

Write the facuws of 5, 4. 6. 7.

Factors of 2-digit Numerals

at (icsc pattcrfts.

Read the multiplication scntcnce below each.

I
b

.........

IrowoflO
lx 1010

.....
.

Srowsof2
5x2=10

lOrow%of I
lox I

10

We can also write the tacior of 2digit numerals in order starting [torn the smallest
ThcfjctorsoulOaje I,2.5,and 10

Eerejse B
A rnultipbcauon chart hclps us to land factors of numcraL.
I

Look at the shaded squares in the chart on the nest page.

Namc the numeral in each o the shaded squares.
Look at the first numeral in each row on the chart.
Read the numerals at the beginning each row with the shaded square.
Those are the factors of It)

Wrfte the factors of:

16, 12. IS,

20

40

2rowsof5
2x5=l0

r4 r4

I
t

I!

r4

(4,;

Li

a
ri4

v.

MultipHcation
Muhiplying by 2. 3, 5
Look at the sd of oange.

They show number facts for muhiphcatiort

.....
.....
.....
.

4sets ofS

20

4 x 5 =20

Exercise C
Copy and complete:
a)

g) 5x5

b) 5+5+5+5

h) 4x2

4:4:4

1) 5x32x6

3x9

k) lxK

t 2x7

I) 5z6

Now dothese:
94
x3

232
x

126
$

1179
x

KS
x.

33

521

734

1625

a.

1213
x

(MOlXgV 9X9 00X9t

n1oJ3uopcsJJzq1

ts i zii c cv
pu o (q siqwnu stp dninp

i-

:01
91*01

OX

01X9L

9SIXO

cxoij

OXS
oxz
t.Xo

1xoI
01*61
IXV q

OIXE (

OXL (

cizmstm qi )uM
:3sq1i((dnjnj
(IspJax4

UO 31j) U!

oi iduo pzjiqs uq Am
pnpoid pU! umoq n swj
3WI) upo.vtut uq cvq eid %UO tp U! IU1X 3qJ
pU

PI

(W01

XE

ot q &iU(idflini
jpcii

iqwnu

22 fi

iMsuP LL

vo Xq PId!iInw !
uuM
sKIxc cxt
q SuiCidnini

OJZ

JM%U1?

tp

OJZ

pdii1nw!iqwnu uu uqp

o=Exoo=ox
(qutCidiitn

3.
Findibe9104hc1t
ii 61 aid 10
b) fled5
e) 3SadI
dl 43andO

4.

Wbals

SI 10dnrSl?
b) S elan206?
(Thc o*t in which thc nurnerfl

c) lelm.74?

Forex.kmpk:
5.

multiplied dc,ei itchange the product.

2x36 3x2=6,

Complete thcsc:
4 x
5x
C

El

32K

lx5
5

.3

C]

x 10

9x44x

9 x
I

Work

5x7=

xS

1,) IOxS

C)

7x10

9x10

10x41

15x0

4x1

32xl

65x1

Show the answcrs to

x3

h.r.i;

a) 10x3

10

3x8=

R.1;VIEW
I.

0x32

61 x

xR8x4
10 x

on th tally chart.

56* 10
43 x 10
[6 x tO

44

3.

Write Ye or No.
a) lisafacio,ofg

b) 4isafactorof2O

81s a factor of4()

4.

3 is a factor of 16

Wntc thc factors of:

a) 24. 35. 22
b) 30. 32. 34

5.

Complcic thcsc:

a)4 x

flx
6.

a)

.Ejx

5 x

2()4

b)

x3

b)IOx 3

4
2

x S

611
x2

C)

253

x4

45

3x
S x

d)

120
x5

UNiT 9

MEASUREMENT

Mass
Look at these objt.

Now, collect some objecI and plac your et on the dck.

Take them, two at a time. in your hands and say which is hcavki: which is lighter.
Which object has a ptaicr mass?
Mass *s the ammnd ar matter an obJcct has,

sa box of chalk
LJ jg ua uniL of
mcaur Ind the mass
of:
three mathematics books together.
A book bag with books in
A bag of small stoncx.
d) All the things that are less than the box of chalk on vow desk now
Record the mass f each as a number of boxes f chalk,
Ior example, 3 mughmancs books have a mass of I box of chaik
Compare their masscs.
W?ucb has the grealesi mass?

Ierdse A
litre arc some objects.
Estimate then mciure on a habnce to find the mass of each.

ompafe Lhelr masses.

Use the greater than. Ies.s than or

%equal

to symbols.

4(

Centimetres
Take a piece of string about the length of a suck of chalk.
Collect some objects like the ones below.

Estimaie the length of each object in lengths of your string.

Say
Which is longer?
Which is shorter?
.Jse the piece of string to verify each length.
How close were your estimates?
F.xerdse B
How many pieces of string will have the same lengh as:
b) the length of your desk
a ruler
Measure to find out. Record your findings.
Here is a ruler. Ii is mwlcd in cm.
c.I 2
liii

56

liii

.Q

JJL

II1ll

Hi

The pencil is 6 cn long.

Now use your ruler to measure some other objects.
For example, er.sscr. pen. cniyon.
Record your findings In cm. For example. my pen is 15 cm long.

Metres
I

:a metre stick,

L!

Il

IIII I II

10 20 30

40

50

It is 100cm long.
Let your teacher help you to make one.

47

60

70 80

90 ith

Whkli of the objects arc more than a metre; less than a mctrc; same as a metre?
Use your metre stick to measure each.
Record your findings on a tabic like
this.

Ejects

.1.

I)esk

More than a metre

l.ess than a metre

The same as a

metre

Exereise C
Now make a list of somc other objects.
Name some objects we caz measure with a metre stic. For example. the length of the
classroom. length of the garden fence.
Use your metre stick to rnaurc the lengths of some ol these objects.

Record your answers in nwtres.

Capacity
E%erijse L)
Here

grotlps of cotnathe,:

Fill dic snaIIer contuncr with watcr. How many of thcc wall fill ttic Liarger container?
Me&sure to find jij, Revrd your findings.

4g

Which hoId more of less. the same amo4lflt?

Record your findings using>. <or

REVIEW
.

Uc

<,>

tw oompt t mass

tse

2.

aroen

C)

sroorn

c. your door
c= to cOmpare o.: mcauremeifl.

UNIT 10

TIME

Hour, Half Hour

Look at this clock.
The short hand tells the hour.
The long hand tells the number of minutes.
Vat time does the clock ShOW?
Fzcrce A

Dtaw clock faces and show ihcsc times

t)9:0() h
02:00 Ii
IL:O0 H
17:00 h

12:00 h

Hcrc is another clock face.

Read the time shown this clock
face. Look at the hn1c

To which numeral is the:

a) long hand pointng?
b) short hand pointing?
The long hantl has moved half way awund the dock face.
Itpointto6
It is half past the hour
The clock ,hows half past nine.
We write 9:30 h
Try showing other half pa times and read them.

IxercLse B

Write the ilmes thown on the clocks.

13:00 h

2.

Dravb cluck iaccs to

sho:
a) 05:34Th
b) l0:lOh

24

C)

09:30h

d) 15:34Th

Hour Time

Lvk a( ihiclock face.

It is a 24-hour duck face.
Wc can read the Iimc shown on this cIok (ace in iwo
ways. We write it likc this:

E..nJ.. C
Vh(C I114 tirnc% shown in two ways.
I)

ochxk
Ii

b)

Wrue ihcsc timc.

The first sdone for you.
a)

C)

C)

()930h

The Quarter Hour

Look

al

thk c)od Iace

Quaslcr (Li
15 miniiu to

Quaricr past
15 t,IiflLdts past

Now look at ck,cki A and B

bclow.

The clock

15 %howing

11w ckck i, %bowrng qurtLi past 8

quar1r to 8

Look ax the hands on each clock

When the long hand is at ). ills 15 minutes to the next hour or one quarter of an hour to the next
hour
We write 08:45 h
When the long hand is at 3. ills 15 nhinute% usI the hour.
We write 08:15 h
Ixerciw I)
Wntc Ike time shown on each clock facc.
hi

Draw 24
04:l.ih

hour clocks 10 show

03:45h

13:45h

21:l$h

5-

Mrnute intervals

Look at this dock.

There is an equal space between each

digit. From one digit to the nct 5
minutes
Frdsc E
Answer thcc qucuons.
z) How miny 5 minute arc there between the
digits: 12to3?
DtolO?
71o12?
5io7?
h How many minutes arc there between each of the above
digits Now hiok at these:

Resd the time %hown on each,

RtVtLW
USC

VOUT

12 and 24-hour clock faces to show:

a)

4- pa 6

c)

tes 1

past

12

past 2

c) 25 minuws piat 7

d) 20 minutes to 9

g) 15:30 b

Ii)

t)k:45 h

53

wiIIh(i!w!,

Solve ijice problcni

a If

ii

i now O8:() h. what

h) Dati takes 15 minutes

at chooI?

Iirpc

IL) sc to

will it be in 112 m hojr%

time?

sehool, ii 1w leases h,nie at OS:4() h. what time will he arrive

I.FT tS lOOK HACK

Which et

a)

or

facioc shows fcrs ol $

1.2,3.4

b) 1.2.4.8
C) 1.1,5.6

2.

Measu each Iin egmcni. Write iiIcnth in cm.

Q
C)

d)O

Mivhcllc his 20 nu;. She pvc

P
of them to her couiin.

Bow many nuts did che giw away

How many nuts docs she base ldi

(ompk4cthcsc:
a) 1

of24

C)

of 10

i)

ofQ

ai Draw a clock face to show half past 7.

h Ii ts now I6:5 h. What time was it one hour ago?
c Lunch break ,tart at 12:01) h anti end% at 12:55 Ii. How lone is the lunch hreal7
WAte U,c neat tw even numher. in each row,
a) 141,

15{). 152.
h 370. 372. 374,
tO?,. i, b.
Wtlgt the missing rdrnals.
a) 31st. 32.ad.
,

h) 1)9ih

.,

97th,

96th,

W,jt ansWers only.

(ix ID
25x

xI

=LJ

=E

=cj

32x 10=
14X I

soxo
=

9.

Coinpkic Lhec
w iTh)le cigr meet at a
Another name for a corner is
When there is more than ogW corner We call LlWm
In each
wr the statement which is true.
Edges arc straight or curved.
F9ge.s are hal or curved.
h) fli urfae %tlde.

Curved %urfaces sIide

55

UNIT 11

FRACTIONS, SETS

Fractions

.jofawhoIe.

lotthe3
We say e
We write

us _cI intL
-

4 i, siuiiei.

tins pI1ur s.
In this pic
Wc

3 equal i

sisshaded.

s
S

siy t)

Wc wr .c

ss
of the eta
.Vci.; o.c rclfth

c n4c

aLL.I

thade.

iiUHlIII

s-tt J(1 13% 3q1Jo U41!PuJ

(diu?

3SUI JO

,Ut)t

qrp)r

.4IX!5 UD

pUJ

1!

%t!Ud j is Jo U(IPUJ
iud uvq uo ss

SI % LI1JO UflLI flLji iOLf% 01

p jo

ii pUP

inqs oi

P SlOP

irq,

R4

uj (q

UuiI18JJ 1aIIJ

CMJ!ttIop U

?L4) JO

OT$

ir.uJ (q

I flui% M

S)O AUPw

,sIop L )3% I? tiq

UILuOp II1) U

sies

JO

S)Jd ieuo13Jj

;nvpF.rp\cd.)J I

Shade to show the tractins oleach set.

12
4,

Wr,te me fraction tar the hadcd pan of each sCt.

V
d ./N

,..

Compare Thirds, Sixths, Twelfths

LooL nthe fra(io. chart.
Amrnc es ro
III

3 3 12

Exercise C

Lonk at ihese pairs of ft lions:

a)jaiid

andj

andj

Which fractiun his the Iarer dcnorntnawr in each

pair? Which 1. the Iargr fractio,i in each pair?
Write> yt <

2.

b)3

and

c)12

and

d)6

12

jJ

Wnte ..>

01< to

cnmplcW the compari%ons.

I
12

jLJ

Ft.r(kC I)

I.

a Us the iructj4)n chan.

LOOk a these fractions.

2.

Which is the iargcct fractIon? Why9

Which is the rnaIIcst fraction?
Why?

2.
h

2
12

I) Arrange

Ihc%c

3.

fraciions from sniallci lu brgct.

3

3.
6

12

the dennminaicir of
tit

(ii the largest Erection?

the smallcsi traction

What did you notice about the numerators of the ihree tractions

2.

CI-ng4tW In

Lu.>.rc
4

401!
r

I.

I!

jOp

p03

I.

Wrienac incampus thee alaemras.

12
fr

Sets
Fcrrisc F
Lc_:iihe

A.

IS

Kernember
a ollcxtion o( things

I Thi thmg havc AJLnCIhing in common.

are called mcrnber of the set.
a WtL dc%
What io these things hac m
common? Name a
:,

Lookrtlhe

Name die niemJ,e cit Qe se. c(

tm in your hooks.
Start hkc this: orange, banana.
Be urc to place a comma attcr each and a fulktop slier the lai
-.

cj [.1st thc members of thc set of hapcs and the c(

2.

sb ci ro
ie-sehooldavs
books in your school bag; your friends in 11w cb.s,

a) Make up sb and
iake

sois

Make
-

3.

nC.

a .ei o htiw

currcnvy, Sti:
Whai Fr

1k--

fi

turn% io

Ii%t t

mern&r3

all ihc coins in Guyana

of tiw sc( you mdc.

REIE
a) Wmc the fractitrn for the hadccI I1ar1( in CHCh diagnim hclow.

1234567

IN Shade

to show the fraction of the set,

VV
2.

Copy and coiuplete Use

3.

a)

>

or

<.

Narr.e.

I:,
.

State

.,

)
,

lIc

the nuniber of mcrnber in the set.

What fraction of this ci has:

I in the tCns place?
in the lens place?
What fraction is I-digit nunerals?

62

JJ

UNIT 12

GRAPHS

Pictograph, Bar Graphs and Pie Charts

The cIiiIJren of Group 13 drew pictire II)
kind% of brcakfti.i rtaI ued one morning
Eh pIturr reprcscnti one child wh likc% the cereu[

Look al he pieiures. An%wer the queitioI1s,

I
the hriakfas cereals the chHdren u..ed.
2.
Hw many children uscd:
a) outs
b) rice flakes?
3.
4
5.
6.

Which type of cereal dLI most chihiren usc?

Wtjeh was the least wed cerfal?
How ,nan more childrii used rice flikes than plantain flour
How mnan childr.n are in this piciqigraph

Fcrcis. A
I

at the pu.iograph. An%wcr ihe querions.

Chowlaic I
Vanilla

S(tawbcrr
Oranc
Ciitjt

.U

a) How many kinds of CL1OkeS were sold al the inteen?

b) Which kind of cookies did the eantccn sell the most?
C) How many more orange cookies were sold than strawberry
d) The lund of ciokie soW ihe lea-si was
C) The mini number of packets sold was

63

Here ti another pictograph.

Some six year olds chose to do their art,

Read the pictograph. Answer the questions.

SqUares

fl

Triangles
Circles

a) Write the namcs of the 4)pCs chosen.

h) Which shape was chosen by most children?

Which number represents the total number of children Who chose squares and circles? IC,.
12. (Jr 9?
d) Is the number Odd o [sen. If we add one more child to the children who chose
circles, the number will be twice as many as the children sho chose.
C)

Let us look again at the pictograph will the breakfast cereal.

Here is the infonnation from that paragraph.

U
0

F
Rice flkc
a) Is thc

Information the same?

b) Ls Lhc graph the samc
C) What is the diffcrcrn.c bctween this graph and the other graph?

(We can draw th same pictograph Ui two different ways

64

Eirtisc B
Look at the truph. Answcr the quc.tum.

Sues of da eses in a boutique

V
V
V

V
V
V
V

Size 10

Size $

V
Size 6

a) What are the sizes of the d.ses

hi
there more or fewer size 6 than size 10
ci Suppose a customer bought 2 size dresses and Isize 10, how many dresses will be left in
the boutique?
dresses
di 1h4 set ut size K dresses is the same number as the set of size
I each dress costs S1500. what will he the cost of all the size 10 and sic S dresses?

2.

Read the inormaIion:

The Sanis tarnitv made party hats like this
Morn tuade 6 hats; Dud made 2 hats; Ada madc 5 hats
The twins Michelle and Michael looked ort.
Make a pietograph to shoss this.

Answer the questions.

al I-low many persons make up the Sanis family
(al 2
(hi 3
(e) 5
b) Morn made
haLs more than Dad
Morn made
hat more than Ada.
ci How many hats did the twins make?
d It we shar4: the hats equally among family members, how many hats will each get and how
many v.ill be left over?
ci Ho inan inure than one dozen did the family make?

Block Graph

I.wrvjsc U
Childrcns Favorite SuhjecI%

Answcr the questions:

a: How many pupils liked each subject?

Did the same number of children like any 2 subjects? If so. write the names of the %UbjCCL.
c) II each subject takes 30 minutes, how many minutes will 5 suhjcts take?
-.

Read the information on ibc graph. Answer the questions.

How Janet spends her day
How iane si,cmls her
day

Play
a)
hI
c)

dl
cI

Homcwork

Schiol

Sleep

Others

How many hours did Janet spend

v) sleeping?
ii) 41 play
iii) in school
iv) doing homewodc
I) eating
Diii she spend mole timc at play or in school!
On which activity did she spend the leas* time?
Janet spent some Lime reading library boc,k,i. where would the activity tall?
How many hours arc thcr in a day
What fraction of the day was spent in school?

show how

p.ctopaph.
Childrens

do
spend

day.

graph.
and

a Which is Tinis nii,L iaouiite oIkhon?

h I.o&

Tim flnins cilhtn. Do ,ou ihink he liked Reggae? Give rea.on for your

d TmIS friend visited him, He bo,-ruwed one of each type ol music. How many cascttCs
CrC
ct w
c bin paid S5t() (or a rdigious cascttc and $750 for a calypso.
fi

Find 11w utai amIqint Tim spend on the two cassettes.

[ill) Paid with a one Ihou%anl;1 kliar note arid three one hundred dollar no(cs. How much

3JrdtuU3 (rp e puds

I
-

nbA

oq oq

i.nnp td

ii

Cuu sof; (?
-o umoi.s aiqooc
,,oo- a..oJ;
W!UV pRas uaippip aow pip ooq tpIq (q
:-

--

SO (JS)

s(,

ap
a

o uo.pJ;

) IO IJit IJJ)

iji

U1M

1)J

x)-1

s.rnq aid

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c!

rE

ioqs in

qd.u1
01

. %ia.Zi

LI

--

ipri

t?1.j1!1

.sdnd jo aini sn 3
-

P1 )OU JltU jfl

qt

aw

() II!

JO

(.

plir

3q1 Crpinqj

pIo

3p?t)(itJ

LUflf IflWJ

Arq 4PJ1 )Lp

aa
4 4 4

saop

4.It

U()

(.uq,iii.j

jo uinu

(r

LIUTId

i
X(N4 O.i.l !i1USaiJ.)

-.

sutisnb zqi j.wsur

puv qdiu

.np

pf puinu (JJqMPn :pw Jo

aqi %jp
ijj S

sa
-

p1qo uo uu.p aiow uYaLdaI

..iiqui

Ju:

Jc1s a.i a

3U4 sqdv4 flUO

uj

.ii

RIVWV
1.

Write T if these gLdcmcnts are True and

:.
b) One picftirc always means one object.

lie sie 1nfrTLatocL. ,eownEict. g. ius avc rn w c

c ch.
e. A pie c iar s be i_pc o
f Eiichpartofapiechafliscalledapicture.
)

ce-cian

UNIT 13

FRACTIONS

Proper Fractions
Icrcise A
I

a) L.ook al

hape

(racuoas thai are less than a whole are called Pruper FractIons]
Write the fraction [or the shaded parts in each shape
hciher U is pnipcr traction iw nt

Remember
Nurner.aur

Dcna.nlnalor

divided
thinking of

show ihsc tr4Liion.

16

v)

j.

3.

!. !. !i-

16

:_oo Ulisc:

L
12

Complete the fractions in each column. The first is dune for you.

Add and Subtract Proper Fractions

(Aech trip I at the 4 equaffi par,i is.hade,

shaded pan i

4 (one quarter or one fourth).

tu1.

3q iutrw.ij oicuituoup

uoPuiunu tp ppe oflUiWOiip

31111?S
q1M !PJJ .3dnJd ppii oj

quxujN

qwd 1lIW.N% IflI

.Lp

4jn0 puflfl no iqnq

ioqo uquJ3qwnu .u.p UIIM

.Lu
uqi

U31J2

!-

uqr

:iq;

:iwpq %uoIIwJj qi oi u,pjow .puq% puir iduis fN

in this shapo we see S equal pans. 3 of the S equal

pans are shaded.

:w oil

ti%C H

o whLract proper frac

.fr.nonnnakij-. suNract
Ibe )Oflijnalors rcmiifl

s
Ilk

!3

shaded pant. shaded pans tin

Adoj iiP

i4WflU

!Iiqwnu

33 U0 MOJJ1Y MLJ t1I M.I0J

zi

zt

z1

:i

rni

-i

i
-

--

4)) )uM wou si

q uqsoq
z:

uq iqwnii

01

0% U0I

%It

IqJ

z.

joops

ILILU

IU.),Y p4M

P!l!q

)4 I.Ur1cIP fl4I JO

(1flI%p L1JO

(q

t,

L[flW M04 jfl UOWWJJ WLIJ4

psIJIU? 33LW)SIp UIUflW..J Nfl JO

P1J

A(W 0t5

wciq ?UEIUI1)aI !

(U

i3IJ

Z)i%
C)I 3pLU

qO
tuy

(i

pE

n:q

Ic

E1I

4-

-,o

rIOQ
+
-

Ix
-

_r4

Cix

C.

-100
C -I00

3.

Name the poults on the number liiw. Draw ampwic to show the number scntence or story below it.
0

C)

I
I

And spcnt

I
1
8

4
7

of hi money. Then he spent another

of it

i) Hov. much of his money did he spend altogether

ii) How much money does he hae left?

hI Stir went to the park. This s how she travelled,

by car and the rest of the distance by walking.

01 the distance by bicycle:

How far did she go:

i) by bicycle and car altogether?
ii) by bicycle and walking altogether?

Copy these fractions. Identify the numerator arid denominatni- of each.

Circle the projwt fractions.
3.

Complete thcsc.
Usc diagrams to help you.

2.

7.
8

6.
6

9.
16

ci

2.
2

12

12

II

6
g

I
8

(1)
hI

9.
12

a List any answer in (2) whtch ii nt a proper

fraction,
hi Draw a number line to show each (af) in (21.

77

MASS; MULTIPLICATION

UNIT 14

Kilograms and Grams

Hold a box of chalk. Extimaic us ma.s.
Hold a pla5tic bag with awara seeds. Estimate its mass.
I-told a bag Filled with clay. F.sumac its mas,
Which weighs less than I kIIognLm?
WhiCh weighs more than I
kilogram?
)Ic ECU(CEL_.S.
-

e can se ts eis
Wr wi hid

iarrr

Tb I]:d Ib

ilk? ET,.

th hT!

S
3 kg

kg

an :se I
et :isc
We w... a so eda. icance.
You: riersati S iou toot

E
1.

lbure.

A
Collect some soLid objeus and cIima1e their masses.
Measure their mascs rnd record your findings on a table like this:
lest

nasured

oc

St

or

Qt

t0

Ot

Ot

oi cz or ci

oi

C)

or

9!

ri

IZ

XI

51

ZI

OZ

1 91 Ii

01 N

0!

C)

C)

C)

01

0
Z

:i.EVq1 UOflUIdqflt1i qI P? !9
.

Ni I

056

uoi .idiqnj

Li
U
:
sew 33qI andwoj

swei pue sweJ6op) aedwo

r
I (
JO

JO j

frq

4.

&
.0

-.9

4.

0%

-
-

* C

-J

0
-s

UEILIUL

_g.
ocnr.I

)C

)C

X4

II

0%

00

U
OC

N
IJ
4.

Ia
IJ

II

II

4-4-_4-J

-I

-)

-J

-J

)c

iff
0
-J

0
-.
-J

0
-I

7r
G

-.1

IJ

4.

-4

.9
-.1

(
*

*
.4

ft

ft

IJ
X

II

II

4.

II

b9
X6

x6

I,

x6

48
,

Exercise C

x 8

x $

r1
ci

x9EJ

fl

:7

x 9

(Any number multiplied by 0 the answer is 0.

Any numbcr muftiplied by 1the answer Is the nurnbc itself

F*

l.

Wrc4x3

-9

Now we sec 3 groups of mafbks with 4 in each

group Wn1c3X4u12
The answer each time is the same.
(eorder m which ts numbers ax

muluphed does nat chenge the answer

Exerdse D

Complete these:
.x4
b)4x

Sx4LJ

[J

:ix6

6x. EJ

f)4x8

g)9x.
h) ..x

IWVIFW
Copy and complete:
: x,xZ

xlxo

h)Rx
d)

x.X9:

x4xO

EJ
;;:IZJ

g) 5x,x

4xx0

EZ
j

x1::

j) 6zx

2.

3.

Now try tlwe:

a)

42

Ii)

50

C)

103

d)

121
x

C)

36

1)

205

g)

314

h)

410
x9

Solve these probk,ns:

a) A fw-nwr planted 4 beds citomatoes. On each bed he planted 27 tomato plants.
Ilow many plants were thete
all?

1) 6 mini-buses look the jsupils of a school on an outing

There werr 40 pupils on each bus.
How many pupils went on the outing?
C)

In the hail there are tens rows of seas. liach row has 39 seats.
How many seals are there in the hail1

83

UNIT 15

CAPCITY; MULTIPLICATION

Litre and Milhhitre

t)

Find containcm that you can use as units of incwajr fo ttic Iitn and the millilitre.

I [11,1!!,.
CPk(

my d,WI

ibk.

Istimatc, in either litre ix millilitre. the amount f liquid each container ian
LwiIiL

Use your units of measure to find out.

Label your containers statilig their
capacity
Arrange the coniaincri in order of capacity.

Usc ynur milihtre meaur to fill the hue measure.

Count as you pour from millihtrc to litre.
How muiy milliIitre did you pow into the hire measure to fill it?

millililfes

iiir.

Multiplication
Fxcrdc A
(cimpicic these:
9x0

=EE1

4x7

Hx2

=J

x7

9x2

=J

4x6

4x8

=EJ

8x7

9x3

=J
=UJ

7x7

(,x8

2.

79

491

Eli

2v

7x6

=fJ

9x4

9x5

7x8

9x7

73

57

(27

Li
U
LI

76

75

x5

x6

75
x9

x9

85

50Q

x4

328
x3

54
x9

378
x4

789

437

709

xS

x7

Ixercse
H
Work these:

2.
3.
4.

LI

x7

x7

9x9

LI

Multiply cvcnty-eiht by five.

What number is equal to eight times (ow hundred and twenty seven?
Find the produ4.1 of nine and four hundred and eighteen.
What number is equal to nine times si hundred and thirty five?

85

5.

6.
7.

8.
9.

It. d ,mwhin cn slanip 4.60 Icttcm In oic huur, how many will it stamp in 9 hoiwi?
What number is cven times. five hundred and thirty iwo?
Find thc pnxhct of eleven and two hundred and nine.
If a packet ct envelopes contains 450, how many cnvelupe will there be in X such packets?
What number is tour times one hundred and tifty?

Ferckse C
Multiply by 10 and 100
36
XII)

32
xlOO

2.

15
10

64
xlOO

10
10

40
xIO()

o50
10

708
xIOO

Copy and cornpletc:

S153
x 4

85mm

$205
x 7

36cm

$321
x 5

S621
10

x 4

x 9

132m
x 8

260m
x 10

150
kg x6

.4412 kg
xl

R4 g
x3

124
xIO

376
10

,Ioo

44)2
x

10

,eO

LET US LOOK BACK

I.

yandcompicl
J,>

-U

E1
4-

i.i

n
LI

Make a
Write t.
i

our dass,

the

) s
I

t:

t
nwithshoi1ha,rinthc

I
Add wd
Subtract:
3

23

I
I.

4.

IL

flot a boc graph io show how the children in your class gel to school.

This is how Joan spent $100 She paid $5() for books. $25 for candies ind $25 for a dresi.
Draw
5

6.

..oo a_
c a b
Esiimaie the capacity of each in litres.
Arrange I cnIai
Ic 0 _er o
ir ;o rruIlcil,
-

X7

UNIT 16
I.

ANGLES; PLANE SHAPES

What you need to know about a right angle.

a) Take a paper like this.
b Fold the bo4lom end.

C)

c) Cu Iong the traced Iires.

ol

Fold along one side.

Thu now have a model

a nghl angir.

Now do this:
a horitontal line

this a vertical lin.

a) Look al a corner of ibis page. Doe it look like a right angle?

h Try to lit your model of a right angle uve each corner of this page.
C) Try other pages and the cover of this and other hooks.
d) Takc two pencils Lay one pencil like this
place the other pencil

like

Let them touch. we now have an angle.

e) Narnc the objects that are shaped like right angles.
Remember
ibis is an

We call this poin thc sertc

11w se e:

LWs

n the middle, for eiunple.

cc

Wiuch onc is in angle?

Look at the,.e angles:

a riRhi angle,
*hcrs?
smaller than a right angle.
angle?
inallest?

Frn+ H
Look at these angics. Which onc is a right angle?

Trianges
I%erdse C
1

iangle

hh1s
BE is or side of the thangle.
Look at the other two sides.
Can you name the other two sides?
Look at triangle LMN
D-
a.M
amc t other angles?

L&ok at thangk LMN

Point La a vertex.

How
many

A triangle has three sides.

three angles and three vertices.

vertices a there?

Na,

Rectangles and Squares

Fxerc[se I)
Look at rectangle ABCD

AB is one side.
Name t side opposite to A1.
s
AD the same length r DC?
AB is one right angle.
How many right angles are there in the rectangle ABCD

& rctangk Ia [OW Sftks and Four right angles.

opposile sidc of the rc1angle hase the same lcngth

91)

Look at the %quare.

Is it like a rectangle?
Name the sides of the squa3.
Flow many righ angics rc there on
Namc them.

Look u1

Point P,tc
Try to draw a circle

circtc.

different

j.ED

Drawa

Utwo pencik ;i a r

T is the centre f this cink,

Nis a point oa the cirvic.
TN is a line drawn from the cent (T) to the point N on
the
TN Is a ritdhis of the circle.
Name another radius of Ibis cjrije

A radius LS a 1,nc drawn from 11w ccntrc

to any point on the circle.
,cirde
T
R is the ..entrc of the cxZ..
E and K are points on the circle.
EK ia line drawn through the cenrc of the circle.
EK . the diameter of the circle.

E,ierdse E
Look

ii

this circle.

Name
a) The cenu of the circle.
b) A radius of the cirdc.
C) A diamitcr of the circle.
d) All the marked pornis on the circle.

2.

a) Draw a circle and name the centre E.

b) Draw a radius EF.
c) Draw two diamclcrs (IH and U

UNIT 17

TIME INTERVALS

Intervals of Hours and Minutes

I:xerdse A
1.

Use your 12 hr and 24 hr clock faces to

find:
a) half past 3

h (J:45

d) 20:40

c) Spast4
e) 11:00
What is the time when the clock
shows:
a) 15rniutes after 12 in the morning
b) 30 minutei after 07:00 h?
C) 1/4 hour before 12:00noon?
d) 1 hour after 12 noon

c) 1hour after 9 in the morning

1) 30 minutes before 10:30 b?

g) I hour before 09:00 hY

h) I hout after 15:fl0h?

lzcrcisc B
Look at this flight chcduk and answer the questions below.
flight Numbtr
NY600
13Y493
BYSO4
a)
b)
c)

N.Y.
BDOS
TDAD

)IOOh
(J4:45 h
07:)5 h

16:45 Ii
0950 h
O8:OOh

Iflight NY600 amed at 17:00 h, how many mnute hue was this flight?
The flight froni Trinidad arrived at O:05 h. By how many minutes was it late?
Torn went to the airport at 9:15 hto meet his aunt who was on flight BY493,
How marty minutes did he have 10 wan?

93

Calendar
Look at the calendar in your classroom.
1.
Use ii to help you find the number of:
a) days in a week.
b) mcntlm in a year
2.

Find on your calendar

a) the month which has the shortest name.
b the minth with the least number of days.

3.

Answer these questions:

a) How many days are there from May 10 to June 10?
b There
days between Sunday and Thursday.
arc
c How many weeks and days are there from August 01 to September 30?

F,scrdse C
Here is a chart showing the birth-months of S children.

Now nwcr thcs question.

a) Who.c birthday wa in Marh

h) Ikarl was born in the month of

C) After Mays birthday, how on must Reena wait to havc her birthday?
d Their age
months between Rishis birthday and Pcars.

94

MultiplicatIon 1 and 2 Oigit Numbers

Multiply 36 by 3

T 0
36
x
3

Multiply 6ones by 3 18 ones

IX ones = Iten and 8 ones
Multiply 3 tens by 3 = 3 x 3 =
icn 9 tens + Iten = JO tens =
100 00.8= 108
so.36x3= 1 0
36

108
Here is another way 36 X 3
36 3 lens and 6ones
Multiply 3 tern. by 3 = 9 tens
Multiply6oncsby3= 18
so.36 x 3 = 90 + 18 108

90

Multiplication
I.

a; S20.0o
x

%i,

1V1
x14

C)

15 kg
x6

1)

60 g
x45

in

x12

e) S25.)
XIS

Exercise B

Read and
a)
Six LImes 25 kg =

kg.
Fjii4 child in Primary 2 gels S200 a day. How much money will 40 1hildren
b)
get?
C)
The length of one desk is 90 cm. Find the length in cm of 35 1.LS?
d)
A bottle holds 3 htres of milk. How many litres will 21 bottles hoId

95

REVIEW
Read and write the time.
a) 12 minutes past 2
b)

hrafter4:OOh

Solve these probkms:

a) John arrived at school at K:05 h. Mary arnved 35 minutes later, What time did Mary arrive?
h) Today is Tuesday. What day will be the day after tomorrow?
C)

Which is the fifth month of the year?

d) How many months re there between the 6th and the 10th month of the year?

3.

Multiply these:
i)

l5x3

b) 28x7

c) 80x12
d

l3kgxS

e) 532x8
fl 561 x IS
5) Art excrci.se book page has 20 linc%. How many lines will 14 pages have?
h) How many sweets arc shared 10 32 children, if each child gets 6 sWeets?

96

UNIT 18

MEASUREMENT

MUlmetre and Centimetre

Look at this ruler

What is the unit of measure on this ruler?

Read the numerals on this ruler. How many lines air there in all?
Inob at the smaller lines between any two numerais, for example. between 2 and 4. 4
and 6. Is it the same number between any two?
Check to find out.
Each space between two numerals is 2 centimetres.
Each smaller space is 2 miLhmetres.
I cm = 10 mm

Exercise A
Now do these:
I.
Use your ruler to find the answers to these:
How many mm are there in: a) 2 cm
How many cm air there in: a) 10 mm
2.

Copy and complete:

The tint is done for you.
a) 40mm = 4cm
C)

b) 5 cm?
b) 30 mm?

b) 6mm

90mm

Millimetre
Here at some lines.

b)

cm

How many inillimcLres you think cich hoc mcuure.7

kccord your cIirnatc.
Now use your ruler to erify your estimate.
Check your cimatc with the measurement. Compare them.

Esercise B
List four objects which can he nicasured in millimetres.
Estimate the length of each in millinictres.
Use your ruler, measure and record as you did before.

Here are three apes.

Use your niler to measure the length of each hapc.

3.

Use your ruler to draw these lines:

Wmm

b45mm

N)mm

REVIEW

bstimatc the lengths between each set 01shapes as shown,

How far is the:
a) triangle from the circle?
b) square from the rectangle?
Measure each of these in
millimetres,

a) The length of your longest finger.

b) The width of your sharpener.
The lcngth of your etaser.

UNIT 19

FRACTIONS

Fifths and Tenths

Look

diagram:

How many equal parts urr thcr?

How many of the equal parts are shaded?
I out of 5 equal parts is shaded.

I
How many equai parts ut there
How many of thc equal pans are shaded?
I out of 10 equal parts is shaded.

Exerdsc A

5i

55
I

51-

5t
SIi

5
5

0.

.I

&-I
..

;i

oo

00-

t
I
00)

cvI

I%.H

suoipUJ JIfl() q1l4 S!t A.jj

aiyjprw

4)
-i

SI .iopTUiwoup J.2J9 t1I 411M UO!).IUi P )11

!T
JopuiwoU4 I4) IID(yj
3q) tP!M IuIUr)%

TLJ

JO J.lpJo U!

pue

LJ
(q

A) <(ft,J I?utMTf(L1J 3(K j.1r4w03 ar uqr ur

UOitiVJJ .q
as-1

UNIT 20

SETS: SHAPES

Equivalent and Equal Sets

Remember
Each;teminasetisameinberottlieset
Sets may have many, few, one or no members.
Sets with no members are called empty sets.

We ctjrIL:ch _ic nnbcrs o2 st5 C.n>)-::IP.

Trace alone the dotted hnes from the butterfly w the flower.
You have matched a butterfly with a flower in each case.
Wh iscc

it

e wor-s?
like these. with the same number of memhth
ooi the same members, arc called equivalent

Exercise A
:iow r-y reei rre i re

t. set?

1%S

sJ

. _

0y

A! th *h
WncYES!NO

Equal Sets
Here are two sets.
SetA

SetH

How many membcr arc therc in Set A? Sct H

Can you match each member of Set A wnh the same member of Set B?

Are the members in Set A exactly the same as the members m Sd B?

If the members in Set A arc exactly the same as the members. in set B: the two sets arc said to be

equa

l>141

Ezerdse B
I.

Count the number of members in e&h set.

1zamrne the members carefully.
Are the sets equal?
Write Y1iS or NO

d)

fxercIsc C

cor.E CYLINDER SPHERE

(UE%4HRTE

1 Sy whether these scs are equal or equivalent.

a)

)(7

Closed and Open Shapes

Here ar two %cts of shapes
SciA

SciB

C
A
What dci you notice about the members of these
sets? The shapes in set A have their line segmcnts
joirscd We call these dosed shapes
The shapes in Set H have line segm.ents that arc brokcn.
We call these open shapes.

be closed r

106

EervLw I)
2 closed shapes.

Draw:2.

b 2 open shapes.

Copy and complete these shapes below to make closed shapes,

ACL

biok at the shape below

How many closcd shapes arc there

Write the letters of the closed shapes.

.QZLi
Polygons
shapc.

b)

Exerisc 1
Uc your fingcr to trace around each hhape above.
As you do so count the number of tine scgment which make up the shapc

Dc ,
below.
Record the information from the activity abovc your table
Shapc

Number of line segments

107

The

arc striiight.
are called polygons

are sample closed slia)

formed by line
Each line segment
side.

LkIIh[[]Iy

pO(ygOn with 3 side isa thangfe)

Couni the number of sides on each potygon

Polygocs like these are quafri1atera1s.

A quadfllatenil has 4 sisles.

A polygon with 5 sides isa pcnuguJ

108

El

Polygon

Triangle
Quadrilateral
Pernn

No,

Angles

Fxcrnse F
I.

Use Lo>thpicks. suips of paper or rubber burnt, and a geoboard to make polygons with up to 5
sides,

2.

Look at thc%c polygons Find the trrngks. quadrilaterals. pentagons. Record your anscrs on a
table.

Polygons

Make thiee triangles like thcsc.

them c e on top of the other.
What did you find out?
Thc three triangles fit exactly on lop of cach other.
They are the same shape and size.
Wc say thcy are congrucnt.
Try this with pentagons and quadrilaterals.
Did
f
and quadribierah that fit
[PoIYoIs which have die same sizc and shape are coaruent poIygun

109

Whid] pIyg.]]]

2.

Find 2 nnrinni pnlfltn in

Wdin b -

REVIEW
-

.Jst--cn

NI

C.
awr[ co.

Dut a

ge

A eyc
-

2.

Whic of the

u] ]]

I!

kgm
d)

Copy and comp1cic

doae
No.

Irtangic

I.

-.

LET US LOOK BACK

EJ your calendar
a) Name the lth month of the year.
Which month comes
before the th month
after dw Sib
--

2.

a) Marnices birthday is in January,

Voans birthday is in June,

How many months arc there between Marnices and Voans birthday?

i)

August.
Freedom Day
Christmas Day is in December.
How many months are there between Freedom Day and Christmas Day?

UE your centimetre rule.

Which unit o measure will be most suitable to find the length 01
a) a pencil sharpener?
)
point of your pencil?
a match?
d) the sulphur on a maich?
an exercise book?
-

Ill

iv)

Zi

b) Arrange these from smallest to largest.

I

2
:.

whic:) PIIs) show

a) equalsets

flZ rZ
1511

JiA IA
I.

UNIT 21

DIVISION

Division without Regrouping

Look at this problem 2
This numeral is made up of:
hundreds 6 lens 4
ones Use 2 bundles of 1(X). 6 bundles of 10, 4 single
slicks. Share these equally with a friend.
Check your share.
What do you have?
1 bundle of 101).
2 single stiks
3 bundles of 10
This gives I hundred 3 tens and 2ones
So,2/9i

132 or

132
2f264

Now do these in the vans way:

Ezerdse A
1.

2.

(a 3 i/369

(b) 4j/

Cc)

(d) 6

(e) 7

(F) 7 /909

(g) 3 s/ii

(h 4

(I) 2

Solve these prohlcms

a) Rishi has 21) marbles, He shares them equally between Harry and Danny. How many
marbles dues each boy get?
b) Divide 396 oranges inio 3 equal groups. How many oranges will there be in each group?
C) 4 children have to share Xl sweets equally. How many sweets will each child get?
d) A fanner has 500 suckers. If he plants them 5 in a row, how many rows will he ge?

113

Exercise B

Diside these:
I,

2.

(a) 2 26() m

(b) 3 /393 cm

(c) 4

km

(d? 5 ,./MiO &g

&1 6

(F) 7

r7w g

()

(h) 4V88ml

iI)9

v$O

Solve these problems.

a) A string ).4 m long is cut into three equal kngKs, What is the length of each part?
b) 6ll kg of potatoes is put into 2 bags so that each bag has the same mwc What is the
mass of
each hag?
c) S44) is shared among 4 hoys Each boy has the same amount. What is each hoys share!
d) 550 litres of Waler must fIll 9 tanks of equal capacity. I-low many litres will there be in
each
tank?

Regroup
2 / 236
and single sticks to shoss this numeral in expaiided Form.
and single sticks equally with a friend.
Record each share 1hundred Iten X ones
Each child has 100+ 10+8w 118
So,25/36

118

Exercise C

fi

(a) 2%fii

(Ii) 3

td 2

te) 5

(f

(h) 9

(i) 7

(g) 8

/i4

(c)

6 if2

/i

114

2.

Solve these.
a) Divide 51 match sticb Into 3 equai groups. How many are there in each groUp?
h Share 125 pencils among 5 boys so that they have equal amounts, How many does cach
boy get?
Cl Divide 246 by 4, What remains
d) Share 79 sweets wnon 7 children. How many does each child get? How many remain?
e) A road 48 km long is marked off at three points equally spaced What is 11w length of each
part?
F) Share SI 51) equally among 3 boys. How much does each boy receive?
g 32 kg of salt is sold to 4 custoillers so that Ihcy received the same amount How much salt
does each get?
h) 92 litres of milk is disirihuied among 4 vendors, Each vendor received the same amount.
How much milk did each gct?

115

UNIT 22

GRAPHS

Tally Charts and Tables

Mr. Sandford is a checker with a bicycle finn.
He recorded the number of becycles sold dunng the month of June.
He used Tally Marks to record his findings.

He used this key:

I tally. ft means 1
S tallies. It means 5

I =

tH4

This is how he pnmcnted hi findings at the end of the month.

Type olbicycic

Tally

Black
Red

it++ 1f+4 *$4 tti4 I

t+tti41+Hfl++t$14

Yellow
To read information
Use Mr. Sandfords

I.

4.

How many of
Which type of
How many more
11w Supervisor
Mr. Sajidfords

ilt tt4#ttI41*44

place the tallies into groups of 5.

questions.

sold in the month!

buy?
bicycles were sold

state the number of bicycles sold in the month. What was

find out?

this shwy then study the tally chart that follows to answer the questions The Sunshine
Club held meeting on Thursday. Each member vofesj for a choice of colour for the club, The
Secretary recorded the votes on a tally chir1 like the one bclow.
R!

2.
4.

How many colours were so(cd [or?

Vltid colour had the least number of voles
the most popular col4lUr?
Which
What the difterenc between the lcai and the most soles.
Which Iwocolours had the same number of vu4es?
How many members voed at the club meeting
Which colour do you think the members will take for the club? Why

Ferckse H
I

ShW this information on

a tally chart

Pets children like.

4 children like
palTots, It)children
like birds. 5 children
like cats.

3 children like dogs.

2.

Th information on the tally chart, hows how the pupils of Cless 2A u-avel to School

Anwcr these queslions:

salk?.,...rjdc?
How many children
Which is used by more children bus or car?
How many more chikh-cn walk than ride?

C)

llae thc children in your class wil their ages.

Makc a tally chart io show ibis.

*scrdc C
I.

ft i. Disali night. The table shows the number of lighted dtyas

families

Residence
P. Singh
Persaud
F Rarnotax
-.

Number oIdiyas
20
24
16
10

Sh this intomlaLion on t 1ncioraph

( repscnI 2 diyas.
id

ai

the residences of 4

III

Us the ifliormahon rn
DTinks

iaHc below to make a bar graph.

lilc

Four friends. CoIIeen. Judy. Asraf and Net saved their candy wrappers. Coilcen saved toffee.
Judy
chocolate, Asraf
sour drop and Net saved mini here is graph showing the

Colicen

LLm
J..J
ormtion
Fterdsc I)

Some

spent their lunch hour at Mr. Vieras snackeite.

4 knitted crochet, 10 watched TV.
indour games and 7 chdted,
It

Make talk chan to show the fltssours of ice ci-cam or soft

the children

your class like,

Tables
ol

Jeffs Prep A class pltued

N1an,c.
Bat.

on

vs
lb

fT

CI%P$>(

:is
No

pictures

show the

they liked. Here js a

Look at the table. An%wer the que.t1ons

a
Hint mati children placed picturec of fruits?
h)
Hrn many chjldntn likcd mangixs and orngis?
ci
i-sow many mwe liked mangoe. and oranges than haiian1ic and pineapples?
d)
Vhich fruit is Icas4 liked in ibis class

REVIEW
I

Complete tbce
a)

lt-4

hi

tf+i

tallies
tH4

Pupil

tallies

c)

1*I 1t44

1+14

!umbcr of worth correctly pdt

6

Andnw
Karlos

(oIIeUa

10

Piricia

Answcr thc
a) Who Itrhe mest wds cuntIy?
h) How many more words did Ja, spdl correctly than Kartos
c f-low many children wcr on thc spellng team?

II)

tallies

I*$4

(allies

ROMAN NUMERALS; ROUNDING

NUMBERS

UNIT 23

Roman Numerals to L(50)

The Romans wd kuer% fot numerals

Here are some Roman Numcrels.

Read ilwrn:

iv

is

iii

si

viii

ii

xi

Order hcsc numcrak.

St,ut like this:
I ii iii

iv

What p.s the pattern used in fruni one tc twelve?

that:
a)
some letters are repeated in a nurncr4l.
Notice

e.g.

b,

ii.

viii,

xii

no letter is repeated more than three

e.g.

iii =3;

iv =4:

siii =$:

times.
ix =9

Lxrrcise A
I
2.
3.

What mimeral shown by eih of thcsc

ii
xx: xxx; iii

The kuers v and L are never repeated in a numeral. Why

Write our standard nuiticial (or each of these Roman Numerals,

si.

vii.

viii
i

xii.
xlii.

Li.
Lii.

Liii.
xv,

Lvii
Lv

What pattern did you find

320

xii

3.

Wrie the saniiard nLImra1 for

z,

cach of thee

xL
Whag Ia1ern did you find?

ircv I

Ananc these numerak from:

a) %mallest to hirgest.
b) Iargcst to smallest.
XIX.
iii.

2.

Viii.

xL.

xL.viii.

xxi.

xxxix.

I.,.

a) Which is tile greater numeral in each pair?

Luc xvi
xLv or xxx

sriv
xLi or L

xv or xAV
xlor xvi

h) Which is thc smaller numeral in eadi pair?

xxiorxiv
or xxi

Lurx,uix
ix or xi

siris
or
*

Draw 3 clock
faces.
a!. %t TheTas as Roman NUrnCraK

Show ilics t)JTICS

Fischour,
h Seven hours thirty
c) Nine liurs forty live
a)

121

iv.

xLv.

Wrlt the answers In ther in Roman Numeral

Whif
the iturnbcr ol your cla
1e)w inars prsocs arc ihcrc in your funily
iian hildrcn arc there in your class?
(ow m.ny boys are in the cIas
It many children ic (here in your school?
fl How old arc you?
How old your fricnd?

h; Ho many girls arc in (he class?

Rounding Numbers to the Nearest 10 and 100

Look at thc number line
Cop hind complete

(1

10

20

34)

4()

50

60

70

80

90

100

I.ook at wur number line

aguin 8 s btwcam 0uid
Ift
8 nearer to 10 than (i0
S. 8 rounded
the iie-arci II) is 10

ovdtd,eIIO

Name the nui;ierals between 10 and 20.

Which numeral is ncart IL to?
Which numcial is nearesi hi 20?
Draw a number line.

Nu,nLwr is 0 to 30

tbc nunicr-4i which 1 haIl wa bctwecn C) and 10; IC) 30d 20 20 and 30
Draw a triangle wuund: 0; 10; 20; 30.

Find

FxerrLsc C
Use your numbct line to anwcr thcsc:
a)
c)

S nearer to 0 or 107

is 5 nearer wO or 10
el Is 17 nearer to lOur
20? t is 23 nearer to 20
or 30?

b)

Is 4 nearer toO or 10
d) Is II nearer to 10or 20?
f Is IS neani to 10 or 20?
h) Is 29 neaftr to 20 30?

122

Rciund II) the ncare,.t tO.

eH
43,

72.
54.

95,

21.

It).

47.

12.

55.

35
7

F. vrdsc I)

Try rounding thcsc lo th ncatt 100.

a) I19.
409,
756,
254)
X70.
b) 349,

699,

535.

240,

963

REVIEW
a) Wri Roman Numerals for Lhese:
25
46
33
12
50
30
7
49
b) Write Hindu/Arabic nuincrl for thcse:

xiv
L

xi
viii

xL
xxxi

ix
xLix

c) Arrange rhcc from smilksi to largest

xLv,
xx,
lv,
L.

xxxix.

2.

ii

xiv.

viii.

xvi

Roind these to the neauest 10:

57,
304,
21.

b) Round to the neares I0(1

305,
7$7.
175.
239.

95.

39,

9.

350.

123

411.

UNIT 24

PERIMETER

Look al the boys n)casurin ihc distance wound their schoolyard.

Now you nwasure your cIasroorn, using a metre StIck to measure all around the room
Cc sure o to
Do the s.imc 4muud the edge
n)oIn ifl YOUr home
a

ccor

.)

ct

cupboatxL

of:

siT
us uw tsuctw.

LIs a icntimctrc ruler to measure around the

Agilin. he sure to go around Irom one pomi
Peter wrote his answer lih this;

hook.

point,

Licz
r

2
L..,
iO

.fredgc
ithe4cdg

A
U:yo::r
Measure the length of the edges of:
a) ywchalk hoard
C)
j

f
I
.:_p:fyour&i;
C1)VC(

c:eoyourboo

Write al

Iwhcn

measw around the edges of

finding its perimeter

2.

Sanka mea%ured around the edge% of a taiinp in centimetres.

-texe %ai s%w
A stamp has 4 edges.
ledge
the other edge
the other
thclast

2cm
Icm
Icm
2cm

The distance arnund the cdges of this stamp is 6 CflL

She tound that by adding the length of all the cdgcs.

Ezerrise H
1.

a) Look a ihe lop of ihc dcsk in your

cIa.SSr(lOfll

Can you find us penmctcr

How many edge% arc there in this shape?
Find its perImeter.

REVIEW
I

pcrimcter of each shape below

add the 1cnth of all the cdgcs.

Mc.sure ind find the

1k sure

to

25

UNIT 25

AREA; PERIMETER;
SYMMETRY LINES

Now .o
Wh
i:v:?
-

You will use thesc to cover the space ola larger shape in your
book. Iris coscred with small squarer.. each representing a I cm
square.
I c number of squ e...
IyO. gel 104 squarer.?
s cc covered ty one of these square. reprer.
s cc covered by 104 squares 104 sq cm.
s e cosered j called the AREA
rectangle fs
lu
a
c
Arc&ss

i.

icr.ir.eL
I.
Now use your 1cm qllaIes to cover shapes in your book
at Draw a square of sidcs scm.
c) Count the number of squares used.
of oux square.
ii Ssw tbe
It your area is 64 square cm. you are corrcct

Cover thesii in thc same way.

C. int anti record the area of each,

Area of Irregular Shapes

I:xrrc,.c ii

Y(tIhM(

brn thh.Jf1i

another way.

Look r at th recutnk.
squdrcs that cover it form i
cross the recting1c there are 13 squares in row.
Down the rectangle there arc 8 such rov.s
So there are X rows of 13 or t x 13 %lL$
The area of the reiangk is S x 13 = 104 square cm.
This means the number of squares in a row multiplied by the number or rows of squares.

Remember
The answer to area must awavs be wijiten as square units.
square centimcres
cm
Sqiklre metres
square kilometres

iJcm2

Eercis
C

Mcnurc nd find ihe ana of thes4

LZ
._1

o1ga1crnwidr,

.md9mwidc,
3.
4.

rcctangular iabk is I1In IL)ng and 7 rn sidc Finti thc arca

A rcc

COLIIe IIca%ure.

L2kn by 10km. Wha area dL

Area and Perimeter

Your %hooI ward probably ha.% a knee around ii.
The fiec enehs& the c.pa withi
Th IIWCcncIose t area of the aii.
you cer wailked around the frnix ol your school yard
.y i
!*s c co1an arca i he
ir: Cyifind
perinietci of a
rectanlc
IbopfkIte idr.of a rectangle rt cquil.
2 king sidcs + 2 shoct ide%

iiC)VCT?

Ex,rdse D

I.

Find the perimeter of these reciwiglcs:

b, 9.mby5cni
a) 7mby3cm

C)

I2cmhyKcm

d )Jmby9m

2.

What is ttie perimctcr of a square rm with sides measurIng 9 m?

3.

A square field is 20m Ioig. Whn ithe disWwc all miund thi% field

Symmetry
1OOk

thte %hapc.

IIyou were to fold on the dotied lines of each hadrawn on a piece of paper. whgt would you
find
Does cash half fit esacily on the other?
If so. we say the shapes are symmetric,
[he dotted linc% arc lines of symmetry. Thcy show the part where the shape may he su divided as to

obtain pan. that uc symmetrical.

E
Which

of the-, arc !Iymmcu-c!

LI]

Ii

5n iiphI
N.!y

Lines, Line Segments and Points

A line ipath ilung which an obect moves.

The crnw flies in siraighi Iinc%

Thc.,c aeroplanes fly in straight linc.

Line segments are marked by end poinLs.

Lane segrnenLs are straighi Linc..
Points A and B are end poinec in the line segment above.
The line segmcnl is AB.
It is written like this ALl:
IerdF
Which

2.

ese ac

segments?

Nanie the line segments that form each of these.

Congruent Line Segments

Two line segment.s that air the samc kngth are congruent.
Do you think AB is congruent to CD?

Use a piece of paper to find out.

Place the paper under AB and dot the end points.
Place the marked paper under CD to check if the end points are in the same place.
If they are, the line segments are COflTUCPI.

Iixerde G
Which line segmcnts are congruent?
Match io tnd out.

LET US LOOK BACK

I.

A man divided $336 equally among his 3 wn.

How much mnrwy does each son et?

3.

464 cows were put into 4 herds of equal number.

7v

How many cows were in each herd?

4

OF1j

the nuinej-aI for each of these Roman Numerals

iv
iv
x
iz
Lvii

30

[)

PROBLEM SOLVING; FRACTIONS

UNIT 26

Problem Solving
Irrvsc
for each prohkin.
right opcntiion, then find the unswcr
The lirsi is done for you.
a) Vhdl is the Cost of(.nC cherry?
nuc wo_
-:

$20

ov

4 mangoes cost

$20 x
x

are ihcrc in nc row?

e rinihcbo?
buth%
1ICn 11 the box

hLIIbS

Hov, :n

y gi
therc:
haIIoon% C

:ii
1

r ar ire
ha%

a?

ith arangc.

the
c. h
u
ranec arc theie in rh three kl%kct

ic a.wt

2.

a) Harry has 186 marbles. John has 38 morc than Hany.

How many marbles has John?
b) In a class of 62 children. 7 are abscnt. How many are present?
cj Peter paid $124 for some stamps. tf each stamp costs $4,
How many stamps did he buy?
d Tom read 132 pages ofa book. he has 168 more pages to read.
How many pages
C)

In bw there are
How many rsons

a) In a class of 158
How many arc
b) Marnice bought
How much did
C)

If each pack costs $20.

Voan has 148 marbles

52 marbles.

Hov. many do they

d) Quincy paid SlOO
How many sweets

each sweet costs $3.

$250 was equally shared between Suzctte and Saskica.

money did Suzettc receive?

received $200 from his mother and $135 from his father?
total amount of money did Quincy receive?

$200
one pencil?
d) Tiffany was given a basket containing 65 oranges
If she shares 40 with her friends, how many oranges would Tiffany now have

132

Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

Vtjofl f*miIis.

L,ok

bthZJiJ
milv A

Family C
Now place tbcsc fmctions in the ghi families A. B or C.
5:,

3,158
;
j

It)

I)o

X.j6

..

Look al IIic dcnu,nindurs: Fourths. cighis and sIxtccnth% iire tfl the Same family.
B
u-)

Li

:
4

15

Remember too thai

I or six sixths

12

_.

..

one whole

133

Nw complcgc thcc:

10

Addition of Fractions In Families

3

2
8

3+2
8

the knvnthaivi re ibc ,sme

the

3.

..,

and retain the depommator to

we add ihe

bothese:
S

LI

S
3

i
2

LI

ElEl

(a thc dcnumin*Cu
1w make them the came

gd

I34

Htr wc ha%e two ditlcivrit &nomIn4Loni

fouJth% rnd cighths.

Ve can make them equal by dianging fvih tv egts.

I
4

2
8
i

ittwLramca

7
S

+5
S
8
ecmpk.

the simc
same.
thirds to ninths

the Sdrfle as

I:ercise C
I.

Do
these:
a)

g)j

1
:j:

h)-3

!
hi

12

jo

I
-

16

16

I)

jj;
-

135

.to
+

,tI

4,

I2
+

_2j
0

E
00

ic
c

e4O
+

II

IIr

0
+

IS

ci!
4

._

i9

II

II

I2

icc

12

.c

+
+

E
O

;i

-ecc

icc

ra oc
H

Ic

icc

QI

10
1
4

in Families

11

Li

Complete
U,

4
-

C,

4
10

to

Look at this.
4

Ia

Here the denominators are thc same.

So. we make them the same before we subtract.

Remember

1
5

So.
So

10
istbcsamca

Fserd E
Now do these:
2

b)

C)

e)2
-

Ia

f)7

k)

1)1
2

1_
4

I3(

2
4

MPROPER FRACTIONS

A frudion with thc nunwr3kPr equal in

or greater thait dir Jcnominttor.
i an mpropcr fraction.

Say which of these arc Improper Fractions, give reasons for your answers
97928
74918
2
15 6
12
9469
II
12

4
7

9
2

5
6

4
5
16
2

Write the improper fraction shown by each set of dagrams.

braw diagrams and show each improper fraclion.

Renaming Fractions
Mother baked two cakes, both s*me size. She cut each cane into l equal pieces and gave
away II of
the p,cccs.
Mother gave away
II

3
S and S

I and
=

140

0
.4

Exercise C
I.

PICk OUt the mixed numbcn from the following:

2. 3 4

s.

14

2 12:

4_

Try changing

2.

without the use of the diagrams.

Now write these improper fraction as mixed numbers.

4

b)3

18

33
=

49

23

Write these fractions as whole numbers or mixed numbers.

b)

36,

13

14,
3

20

85

i)j

a)

17

3.

32

d)-

7
6

II,
$

Ii
3

16

30

33,

15

T
32

30.

ii

27

142

We can also chanc mxed numher% 10 iJIIprocr fraction,

I

Eerdcc D
11W II)!ram to show the mixed numbers, then wtv the mixed numbers as

traiions.
The tirst is done tr oij.

2j

Study this:
1

Change 3 to an mppcr fraction wilhoul ilic use of diagrams. Say what you did.

imjwvper

Ixerclse E

I.

2.

Write these mixed numbers as improper fractions.

a) 3

b)

21

2.

I.

Add and subtract:

+

g)

h)

d)5

l6

16

i)+

Add and Subtract Mixed Numerals

a
+

3 nd

j4
1
S

44

Now hwik

411

this:

So we write:

.4

-.4

.L3

(2

Extrcl%e F
Do thcsc
Write your unwcr in Iowest
tcrms:
a)

3I1I

b) 4
C)

f)

1110

g)

h)

I)

d) 4
e)

I2

51t

2k

j) 5
+

Look at Ihi:

Herr the denominatnrs are no the same, so we make them the same then add.
5

2 kthcsameus

+
+

(5

2)

2
+

7+
4

I45

15
+

the same so we make the same then subtract

3

31

c3

I)

is the same as

it
I.

76

2..

1
Exercise G
Try these.

Remember to write your answers in lowest terms.

e) 2

0 3

g) 4

a) 2

14

b 3
C)

d)

h) 4

146

UNIT 28

AVERAGES

Averages of 2 and 3 quantities

Kevin and Lisa weie given these nuu.

Kvin took

LLisa was IcUiLhisset

LL%a said. Kevin you have more nuts thai Ihave.

let u put the nuts together aJ.sjzarz then,
so that we both have the same number of nuts.

Sec bow they cvenetl up their number of nuts.

How many nuts dd cah child gel?

we even up numbers in this way
the avcragc.

y. Paul and Andrew caught some fish.

Count the number each boy his,

This is what they did So find the

aserage Jerry aid. Let add up 2.4,
and 3. Thata 9.
Since there ari 3 of us, kidivide 9by 3
9+33
We can have 3 fish each,
maloflpid,

Here is an example.
Find the average of 9. 4 and 2.
IS
3
9
4

a) Whatisthesum?
b) How many numcru1 are there?
c) What is ilie average?

+2

Exercise A
1.

Find thc average of:

a) 4,6

d) 7.9

g) I,?

b) 12, 16

e) 35. 15

h) 6. 3. 12

C)

32. 30. 40

1)

ft. 22, 33

1)

20, 32. 35

Solve these prublems.

2.

For a school fair. Lisa sold 7 tkket.. Paul sold 0 iickcts and L.yn sold 14 t1ckc., Find the
average number of tickets sold by each child?

3.

A newspaper vendor delivered 20 newspapers on Sunday. 32 on Monday and 35 on Wcdnesday.

What is the average number of newspapers he delivered each day?

4.

Johnny washed car wlwk at a service station.

The owners paid him $240. $400 and $260
On the average, how much did Johnny collect for washing the wheeLs ofcacti car

Rice
25 Kq

Flour
106 Kg

5.

Find the average mass of thc thjtc bag%.

6.

Mcasur ihc heights of 3 of your friends. Find their average height.

7.

45 COCOnUtS were picked from one coconut tree and 2.3 from another. Find the average nuimber

1.

in a test Pattys scores were 32, 25. and 18.What was her avenige score?

9.

in 2 inmngs the school iearn scored 126 and 52 nins.

What was the average
-

REVIEW
Find the average of:
) S42.$iU2ai,d$6O
24 kg and 7kg
2.

Mr Singh purchased 34 litres of petrol in May and 26 litres in june. On the average how many
s I hc buy each month?

3.

A fihernians sale For three days are $2225, $1500 and $3150. Find his average sale in the

_)reLay.
4,

The

Jt

in flasr Fow fo, three d.ryr were: 43,45 as)d 44. FJINJ he avtgr anendance

of
th class ni the three days.

149

UNIT 29

POINT GRAPH

Jane became ill. She was taken to the hospital where she stayed for 6 days.
Everyday a nurse took her Lemperature and recorded it on a chart.
The chart looked likc this.
a) Each dot pointi shows the temperature reading for the day

b The lines that join the dots show when ihe temperature went up, down or remained the same.

Eeris A
Thi% chart shows thc rciding of Mrs. Camcro&s hihy Icmpcnilurc for a week.

i.m. p.m. a.m.

Min.

p.m. a.m. p.m. a.m. p.m. a.m. p.m.

Tue.
Wed.
Thur.
-

Let us try tt read the babys temperature for each day of the week.

150

Anwer these quesions.

) On which day wa5 the babys icrnpcraiure the lowest?
I.
b) On which days did the reading show 20 degrees?
C) On Which days did the reading show 30 degrees?
2.

Make a cftati like the oae showing the babys temierawrc. This time u.ce the n?ark yw scxed
in Spelling in one week.

3.

This graph shows the attendance at school of the pupils of Cla 4.

29

p.m. am. p.m. a.m, p.m. a.m. p.Jli. a.m, p.m

Now answer these:

a) Wha( was the attendance on Tuesday .norning

h) Was the aticndance the same for Tuesday afternoon?
c How man children morc/lcss were present (lfl Wednesday morning than on Tuesday
afternoon
d) On which days was the ntcndancc the same for both morning and afternoon?
C)
On which day did the least number of pupils attend school?
1) What was the average attendance fur the week

REVIEW
Use the information given bek,w to constnlcr a poug graph.
A storekecpcr sold a number of gems shirts lot a period of 6 months.
In January he sold 25 shirts. In February he sold 5 shirts less than in January.
In March be sold 10 more than those he sold in January. During the month of April 40
shirts were sold while m Miy he sold the sajm amount a in March dnd iii Jutie he sold 49
shirts, Now answer these:
a) In which month did he sell:
i) the most shins?
ii) the least shirts
b) In Whjh months did he ,.ell the same number of shirts?
c) What was
average number of shirts sold in the si-nionth period?

151

FRACTIONS; SUBSETS

UNIT 30
Addition

The Commutative Property

Use blocks oc Lrip% of paper o build these.

2
3

+1_i
33

I.

LII

IJ

II

+
II.b
.

IJI

+
II

LI

IAt.J

+
XI

II

O%J

XI

+
+

Addition

The Associate Property

use your blocks o

strips of papcr again to show thcc:

I
2

Number thc stp.

PIac them on your desk so that they read:

+

or

or

13

(4

Can you find another way?

Nohw
Make three

cmerTt

?ike

thecmpk abowe.

(gthneormorc fractiLns
order in which you group them does
hange the answer.
Eercise H
Now do these:
I.

a)

C)

(.
I

-)

154

2.

Copy and compkc:

a)

( +)
+

b)

+(. +)

(_.

(.

Slae which istniec

b)(

+)+

>

(I

71

( +)
(I
8

Repeated Addition
.

3x

135

I
2

To inukiply fraction by a whole number,

add the fraction as many Limes as the
whole number suggests.
-

Ezcrd%c C
a mukipticaLion.
done foi you.

b)..-..
1

Write each a.s an addhlion.

The fim( IS done fur you.

..

:x4

b) 4x

6x8

d)

2X

e) 2x

Subsets

Each part of a sc, is a1kd sube(

One subsc has 2 members.
HOW many members arc there in the other subset?

10=

fl

5x

Eb0

Pangio to show subct%.

Copy and draw a line in
show:
a) One subset ha 4
members.

I......

h) One uket has 6

members.
H

C ht is

Copy and complete:

2
2
a)
5 + 5
5

b)

C)

d)

C)

C
Q

66

!
4

Wrnc each as a muhiphcauon problem.

a)

2x

b)

x3

I57

3.

Partition into subscI.

a) One subset ha Imember,

b) Onc cubcet hai 5 members

LET US LOOK BACK

1.

A basket contains 246 eggs. How many eggs will 8 such baskets conLain!

2.

Complete these:

3.

10

16

34

cI 4;

d)

c)

d)

a) 3

b) 5

12

54

b)6 +11

b) 31
8.

1
16

Change to mixed numerals:

+l

7.

e)

C)!

(lunge to improper 1ractios:

bi
5.

b)
4.

John scored 15. 12 and 6 runs in three matches.

What was his average score in three matches?

24

I5S

Features of each book include:

1. A suggested teaching sequence.
2. A review lesson at the end of each unit.
3. An evaluative exercise after each five units.
4. Worked examples which are highlighted for focus.
5. An activity approach for Mathematics.
6. Easy to follow instructions.