1

Abandonment
Exploration/
Delineation

Project Build
Phase and
Drilling

Initial Operating Phase

Plateau
Production
and Field Life
Extension

Completion
and Production
Optimisation

Intervention
Artificial Lift

Time
Cummulative Income stream /$

/$ Cummulative Investment/ Cost Profile

Introduction

Time

Ref. No. PT/2,

PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

17 / 69 / 00

Reservoir Production Concepts

Reservoir
Pressure

Oil
G.O.R Prod

Oil
Prod

G.O.R

500

Pressure

G.O.R

Time-Year

Oil Prod (1000)

Reservoir
Pressure

5000

10
Gas Break
through

Pressure

Oil
Prod
Rate

250

2500

G.O.R

BSW %
20
10

0
0

Time-Year

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Performance of Flowing Wells

y,,yyy
,y,y,y,y,yyyy
,y,y,y,y ,y,y
,,
,,,
,,,yyyy
yy
,,,
yy,
WELL

Pwf

Bottomhole Flowing Pressure

rw

Pe

Pe

re

2.875"

2.5"
4"

PWF

IPR

Oil Production Rate

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Wellbore Completion Concepts

Upper Seal

Sealing Element

Bypass
Upper Cone
Slips
Lower Cone

Left - Hand
Screw Head
Inner Mandrel
Friction Blocks

Upper Split Nut

Lower Split Nut

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Wireline Services

Locking Screw
Top Sub
Coller
Steel Shearpin
Key Retainer

Spring
Standard Key
Self-Releasing
Profile
Lower Key
Retainer

Sheave
Guard

Body
Sheave
Wheel

Oil Reservoir
Gland Nut

Top Gland
Packing
Swivel Bearings
Pressure Relief Valve

Bottom Gland

Internal B.O.P.
Quick Union

Internal B.O.P.
Retainer

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Completion Equipment

Xmas tree

Tubing hanger

Adaptor spool

Spacer spool to compensate

for abence of 7" / 7 5/8"
tie break

Compact spool

9 5/8" casing hanger

13 3/8" casing hanger
20" casing head housing

36" conductor
20"
13 3/8
9 5/8
Production tubing

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Multiple Zone Completions

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Perforating

80

80 Gms.

11

100

80
10

150

13.8"

50
26
Grams of Explosive
18 - 21

35

54

1.1

36
7

9 - 15

1.0

19

0.9

16
6

0.8

37

0.7

0.6

0.5
3

Entrance Hole (tenths - inches)

Penetration (inches)

0.4
Berea sandstone
core

0.3

1.375

1
11

1 16

28
2

34 3238
3

Radial Distance, (Inches)

18
1

44

0.2
Radial extent of consolidation
0.1 permeability, this region and inward
Significantly5 reduced
5
8

5Significant

Gun Diameter (inches)

grain
fracturing: original grain-to-grain
6
contacts remain intact. Low permeability, diminishing radially

0.75

Significant grain fracturing: grain separation parallel to

perforation axis. Assumed low flow resistance

0.50
0.30
0.20
Open
Perforation

Intense fracturing, debris, quartz and carbonate

fines. Assumed low flow resistance
0

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

1
2
Linear Distance, (Inches)

10

Well Intervention

B
Payback
Period
A

-ve

Net Present Value

Cumulative Cash Flow

+ve

Time
Project 1

Return on Investement = B/A

Project 2

IRR 1

IRR 2

Discount Rate
NPV Profile for Comparing Projects

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Completion Installation Practices,

Procedures and Programming

Option
2
Circulate Whilst Lowering
Final Tubing Joints
- Observe Pressure Increase
LocatePolished
Bore Receptacle
Mark Tubing On Drill Floor

To SSSV if Control Line

Not Attached
PHASE 3

Pull Back Tubing

To Allow Space Out

Tubing
Landoff/Space Out

To Adequate Depth to
Adjust Tubing Length
Run Back With SSSV
Without Control Line
and Tubing Hanger

Locate Seals Within

Polished Bore

Land Off Tubing Hanger

in THS to Achieve the
Required Seal Length
Movement Capacity

Go To Completion
Final Testing

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

Examination and Model Solutions

RE

SI

TU

E
RS
R:
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CO

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8 Pages

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on inati
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Co sea

Date:

Solution

Part I

(1) Based on a PI of 6 STB/d/psi and a static reservoir pressure of

Subject:

3700psi, draw the IPR as a straight line through the points.

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

(a)

q=0

1. Complete the sections above but do not seal until the examination is finished.
2. Insert in box on right the numbers of the questions attempted.

(b)

No.

Mk.

Pwf = Pi = 3700

q = 6000 STB/d at Pwf = 2700psi

3. Start each question on a new page.

4. Rough working should be confined to left hand pages.

(2) Based upon a THP of 200 psi, calculate the bottomhole flowing

5. This book must be handed in entire with the top corner sealed.

pressures from the gradient curves supplied.

6. Additional books must bear the name of the candidate, be sealed and be affixed to
the first book by means of a tag provided

qo
STB/d

Pth
psi

PLEASE READ EXAMINATION REGULATIONS ON BACK

COVER
1000
200

2000
3000
4000
6000
8000

200
200
200
200
200

Depth
Equiv
Ft

Actual
Depth
Ft

2000
1850
1750
1600
1350
1200

7000
7000
7000
7000
7000
7000

Total
Equiv
Depth
Ft
9000
8850
8750
8600
8350
8200

Pwf
psi

2650
2650
2650
2680
2700
2780

Plot pwf versus qo to obtain the tubing performance curve

4000

Pwf
psi
3100
3000

TPR

TPR

IPR s = 0
S=+5

2000

IPR s = 0

S = + 10

1000

1000

2000

3000

4000

Qo

Ref. No. PT/1, Version 1.1 Date of issue

7 / 9 / 00

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000