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4 1 Alternatingcurrents
4 1 Alternatingcurrents
com
Alternating Currents
1.
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m
The potential difference V and the current i flowing through an instrument in an ac circuit
V = 5 cos t
(c) 5 W
(d) 2.5 W
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3.
(a) Zero
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2.
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i
4.
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.s
In an ac circuit I = 100 sin 200 t. The time required for the current to achieve its peak
value will be
5.
ak
(a)
1
sec
100
(b)
1
sec
200
(c)
1
sec
300
(d)
1
sec
400
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6.
An alternating current is given by the equation i = i1 cos t + i2 sin t . The r.m.s. current is given
by
1
(c)
(i1 + i2 )
(b)
(i12 + i22 )1 / 2
(d)
1
2
(ii + i2 )2
1 2 2 1/ 2
(i1 + i2 )
2
The phase angle between e.m.f. and current in LCR series ac circuit is
(a) 0 to / 2
(b) / 4
(c) / 2
(d)
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7.
(a)
n.
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'f'
R 2 + L2
(d)
R 2 + 4 2 f 2 L2
R 2 + 2fL
ak
(c)
(b)
sh
i
(a)R + 2fL
10 6 F
and an inductor of
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.s
(b) 10 Hz
(c)
10 5
Hz
2
(d)
(a)
10
Hz
2
11. Power delivered by the source of the circuit becomes maximum when
(a)
L = C
(c)
L =
(b) L =
(d) L =
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10 4 H .
the
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12. In a LCR circuit having L = 8.0 henry, C = 0.5 F and R = 100 ohm in series. The
resonance frequency in per second is
(a) 600 radian
(b) 600 Hz
(d) 500 Hz
13. In LCR circuit, the capacitance is changed from C to 4C. For the same resonant frequency,
(a) 2L
(b) L / 2
(c) L / 4
(d) 4 L
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m
[R 2 + (L C )2 ]1 / 2
(b)
2
2
1
R + L
C
(c)
2
2
1
R + L
C
(d)
(R )2 + L
C
at
io
(a)
n.
14. 4.In a series LCR circuit, operated with an ac of angular frequency , the total impedance is
1/ 2
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1 / 2
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i
1/2
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(a) Applied e.m.f. and potential difference across resistance are in same phase.
(b) Applied e.m.f. and potential difference at inductor coil have phase difference of / 2 .
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.s
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17. The current in series LCR circuit will be maximum when is
(a) As large as possible
(b) Equal o natural frequency of LCR system
(c)
LC
(d)
1 / LC
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18. An inductor L and a capacitor C are connected in the circuit as shown in the figure. The
frequency of the power supply is equal to the resonant frequency of the circuit. Which
A1
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A2
A3
E = E0 sint
(a)
A1
(b)
(c)
A3
sh
i
A2
ak
19.
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uc
n.
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.s
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
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21.
[A]: Electric power is transmitted over long distances through conducting wires at high
voltage.
[R]: A Power loss is less when power is transmitted at high voltage.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
22.
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The voltage of an a.c source varies with time according to the relation E = 120 sin 100 t
n.
2V
at
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ed
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b) 1.2 A
c) 4.2 A
a) 2.2 A
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.s
ak
sh
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23. In the circuit shown below what will be the reading of the voltmeter and ammeter?
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d) 0.5 A
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Key
b
2)
3)
4) c
5)
6) c
7)
8) b
9) b
10) c
14) b
15) c
16) b
17) d
18) c
19) a
20) a
11) b
12) c
13) c
21) a
22) c
23) a
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m
1)
2.
V = 5 cos t = 5 sin t +
2
Power
and
i = 2 sin t
ed
uc
Power loss
at
io
1
(Voltage) 2
1.
n.
Hints
=0
=0)
sh
i
3.
ak
If an alternating current is passed through such a coil, the torque will reverse its direction
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.s
each time the current changes direction and the average value of the torque will be zero.
Effective voltage
Vr.m . s. =
5.
T
4
4.
6.
7.
irms =
423
2
= 300 V
Vo
2
1
= 200 T =
sec
T
100
1
sec
400
i12 + i22
1 2 2 1/2
=
(i1 + i2 )
2
2
(a)
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8.
Because power
9.
Z=
10.
R 2 + X L2 , X L = L and = 2f
Z =
R 2 + 4 2 f 2 L2
1
2 LC
1
2 10
10
10 5
Hz
2
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m
(b)
12.
(b)
15.
(c)
16.
(b)
1
L1 C 1
8 0 .5 10 6
=
1
L2 C 2
L2 =
L1
4
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14.
LC
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13.
n.
17.
if R = 0, then P = 0.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
V = VR2 + (VL VC )
sh
i
18.
w
.s
ak
11.
= i 2 R,
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D.C Circuits
1.
Why the current does not rise immediately in a circuit containing inductance
(a) Because of induced emf
(b) Because of high voltage drop
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The adjoining figure shows two bulbs B1 and B2 resistor R and an inductor L. When the
B2
ed
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B1
at
io
n.
sh
i
In L-R circuit, for the case of increasing current, the magnitude of current can be
ak
3.
4.
I = I0 e Rt / L
(b)
I = I0 (1 e Rt / L )
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.s
(a)
(c) I = I0 (1 e Rt / L )
(d)
I = I0 e Rt / L
A capacitor is fully charged with a battery. Then the battery is removed and coil is
(a)Increases monotonically
(c)Zero
5.
The time constant of an LR circuit represents the time in which the current in the circuits
(a) Reaches a value equal to about 37% of its final value
(b) Reaches a value equal to about 63% of its final value
(c) Attains a constant value
(d) Attains 50% of the constant value
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6.
of closing the switch, the current is increasing at the rate 4A-s. The supply voltage is
(a) 20 V
7.
(b) 80 V
(c) 120 V
(d) 100 V
In inductance L and a resistance R are first connected to a battery. After some time the
battery is disconnected but L and R remain connected in a closed circuit. Then the current
(a) RL sec
R
sec
L
(c)
L
sec
R
(d)
1
sec
LR
In an LR-circuit, time constant is that time in which current grows from zero to the
value (where
0 . 63 I0
(c)
0 . 37 I0
(d)
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(a)
I0
n.
8.
(b)
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9.
I0
ed
uc
to a 100 volt battery, how long will it take for the current to reach
value?
(a)1 second
(c) e seconds
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i
10.
(b) 2 seconds
e 1
63 . 2 %
e
of its final
(d) 2e seconds
(c)
0.05 s
(d)
0.1 s
ak
(a) 0.15 s
11. Find the time constant (in s ) for the given RC circuits in the given order respectively.
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.s
R1 = 1 , R2 = 2 , C1 = 4 F , C2 = 2 F
V
C1
C1
R1
C2
R2
I)
C2
II)
a) 18, 4,
8
9
b) 18,
V
R1
R1
R2
R2
8
,4
9
C1
C2
III)
c) 4, 18,
8
9
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d) 4,
8
, 18
9
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12. An ideal coil of 10 Henry is joined in series with a resistance of 5 ohm and a battery of 5
volt. 2 second after joining, the current flowing in ampere in the circuit will be
1) e-1
2) (1-e1)
3) (1-e)
4) e
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m
12V battery as shown in the figure. The internal resistance of the battery is negligible. The
12 3t
e V
t
2) 6 (1 et /0.2 )V
3) 12e 5tV
4) 6e5tV
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1)
at
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n.
14. The current in the given circuit is increasing with a rate 4 amp/ s. The charge on the
ak
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2) 5 C
3) 6 C
4) 3C
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.s
1) 4 C
15. The ratio of time constants in charging and discharging in the circuit shown in figure is
1) 1:1
2)1:2
3) 3:2
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4) 2:3
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Key
2) c
3) b
4) d
5) b
6) b
7) c
8) a
9) b
10) d
11) b
12) b
13) c
14) c
15) c
Rt
L
Rt
Rt
di = i R e L = i0 R .e L
0
dt
L
L
At t = 0;
(c) When battery disconnected current through the circuit start decreasing exponentially
according to
8.
i = i0 e Rt / L
0 .37 i0 = i0 e Rt / L
1
= e Rt / L
e
0 . 37 =
t =
sh
i
7.
di i0 R E
E
=
=
4 =
E = 80 V
dt
L
L
20
at
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ed
uc
(b) i = i0 1 e
(a) Current at any instant of time t after closing an L-R circuit is given by
t=
L
R
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.s
Time constant
ak
6.
n.
Hints
R L
I = I 0 1 e L R = I 0 (1 e 1 ) = I 0 1
e
= I0 1
= 0 .63 I 0 = 63 %
2
.
718
9.
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m
1) a
t = =
(b)
10. (d) i = i0 1 e
Rt
L
t = 0 . 693
Of I0
L 60
=
= 2 sec .
R 30
For
i=
i0
2
t = 0 . 693
L
R
300 10 3
= 0 . 1 sec
2
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t
I = I 0 1 e L
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11. t = CR
t1 = ( C1 + C2 )( R1 + R2 ) = 18 s
C1C2
RR
8
1 2 =
C1 + C2 R1 + R2 9
t3 = ( C1 + C2 )
12. i = i0 1 e
R1 R2
=4
R1 + R2
R
t
L
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m
t2 =
n.
52
5
i = 1 e 10
5
R
t
12
= 6 , p.d = v i0 1 e L R
2
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uc
13. i0 =
t
12
3
p.d = 12 1 e 40010 2
2
p.d = 12 e 5t volt.
q = 6 c
q
3
w
.s
4=2+4
sh
i
di q
dt c
ak
14. E = iR + L
1 R2 2 R + R
=
=
2 R1
2R
Or
1 3
=
2 2
15.
at
io
. i = (1 e 1 ) A
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