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集水區整體調查規劃參考手冊
集水區整體調查規劃參考手冊
集水區整體調查規劃參考手冊
1-1
1-1
1-2
1-1
1-3
1-1
1-4
1-2
2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-1
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-3
2-5
2-5
2-6
2-5
2-7
2-6
2-8
2-7
2-9
2-7
3-1
3-1
3-1
3-1-1
3-1
3-1-2
3-2
3-1-3
3-3
3-1-4
3-5
3-1-5
3-6
3-1-6
3-6
I
3-1-7
3-7
3-1-8
3-7
3-1-9
3-8
3-1-10
3-8
3-2
3-9
3-2-1
3-9
3-2-2
3-9
3-2-3
3-10
3-2-4
3-11
3-2-5
3-12
3-2-6
3-12
3-2-7
3-12
3-2-8
3-13
4-1
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-4
4-3
4-10
4-3-1
4-11
4-3-2
4-13
4-3-3
4-14
4-3-4
4-16
4-3-5
4-17
4-3-6
4-18
5-1
5-1
5-1
II
5-2
5-1
5-3
5-1
5-4
5-2
6-1
6-1
6-1
6-2
6-1
6-3
6-3
6-4
6-4
6-5
6-6
6-6
6-7
6-7
6-8
6-8
6-10
6-9
6-10
6-10
6-10
7-1
7-1
7-1
7-2
7-1
7-3
7-2
8-1
8-1
8-1
8-2
8-1
9-1
9-1
9-1
9-2
9-1
10-1
III
10-1
10-1
10-2
10-2
10-3
10-3
10-4
10-4
10-5
10-7
()
-1
()
-1
()
-1
() ()
-1
()
-1
()
-1
()
-1
IV
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-7
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-10
3-3
3-14
3-4
3-14
3-5
3-14
3-6
3-15
3-7
3-15
3-8
3-15
3-9
3-16
3-10
3-16
4-1 C
4-3
4-2 n
4-5
4-3
4-9
4-4 4-16
5-1
5-3
6-1
6-2
6-2
6-5
6-3
6-6
6-4
6-8
V
7-1
7-2
8-1
8-2
8-2
8-2
10-1
10-6
VI
0-1
-2
3-1
3-3
4-1
4-4
4-2
4-11
VII
1.
2.
3.
5,000
-1
3.
3
0-1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
0-1
-2
1.
2.
3.
1-1
1-2
1-3
2-1
2-2
2-2-1
2-2-2
2-2-3
2-2-4
2-2-5 ()
2-2-6
2-3
2-4
2-4-1
2-4-2
2-5
2-5-1
2-5-2
2-5-3
-3
2-6
2-6-1
2-6-2
2-6-3
2-6-4
2-7
2-7-1
2-7-2
2-7-3
2-8
2-9
3-1
3-1-1
3-1-2
3-1-3
3-1-4
3-1-5
3-1-6
3-1-7
3-1-8
3-1-9
3-1-10
-4
3-2
3-2-1
3-2-2
3-2-3
3-2-4
3-2-5
3-2-6
3-2-7
3-2-8
3-2-9
3-2-10
4-1
4-2
5-1
5-2
5-3
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
6-6
-5
6-7
6-8
6-8-1
6-8-2
7-1
7-2
8-1
8-2
8-3
8-4
9-1
9-2
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
-6
1-1
1.
2.
3.
1-2
1-3
1.()
1-1
1-4
3 4
1-2
2-1
1.
1/10,000 1/5,000 1/25,000
1/50,000
2.()
()
3.
4.
2-1
()
()
2-2
1.()
2-1
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
2-2
2-2
2-3
()
1.
2.
3.(
)()
4.
1/10,000~1/5,000
2-4
2-3
1.
( 15 )
( 10 30 25 100 )
2. 15
3.
4.
2-3
(
)
(
)
(
)
) 1
(
) 1
1
2-4
2-5
1.
2.
3.
2-4
(
)
2-6
2-5
1.
2. 1/10,000 1/5,000
2-7
(
) GIS
1.
2.
()
2-6
2-5
2-8
2-9
1.
2.
2-7
3.
4.
5.
2-8
3-1
1.
2.
3.
3-1-1
1.
2.
3. 10 10
4. 1/10,000 1/5,000
5. 3-1
3-1
3-1-2
1.
A B
[()]
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2.
AB
C D A B C
D 3-1 3-1
3-1
< 2H
2 H ~ 5H
< 1H
1H ~ 3H
A
B
C
D
C
D
3-2
(1) H H
2H (..)
A
(2) H 2H
B
(3) H 2H
(
.) 1H3H 2H
5H C
(4) D
5. 3-2
3-1
3-1-3
3-3
1.
2.
3.
[()]
(1)GPS
(2)
(3)
(4)
GPS (TW67)
(6)
4. 3-3
3-4
3-1-4
1.
2.( 5,000 )
3.
4.[()]
(1)
()
(2)
()
(
)
(3)()
(
)
(4)(
3-5
(5)
5. 3-4
3-1-5 (
)
1.
2.(
)
[()]
3.
[
()]
4. 3-5
3-1-6
1.
3-6
2.
3. 37
3-1-7
1.
2.
3.
()
4. 3-6
3-1-8
3-7
1.
2.
3.
3-1-9
1./10,0001/5,000
2.
3. 3-7
3-1-10
1.
2.
1/5,000 1/25,000
3.
3-8
4.
5.
6. 3-8
3-2
3-2-1
3-2-2
1. 88 921
90 93
88 90 93
2.
..
3-9
3.
..
3-2
3-2
()
(m) 1
<30
5
3040
4
4060
3
>60
2
1
(m)
2
1.5
1
0.5
(m)
3.50
2.75
2.00
1.25
3-2-3
3-10
1.
2.
3.
(
90 )
4.
3-2-4
()(
)
1.
2.
..
3.
3-11
..
4.
3-2-5
3-2-6
1.
2.
3.
4.
3-2-7
3-12
3-2-8
1.
2.
3.
3-13
3-3
3-4
1/25000
(1)(2)(3)
3-5
(1)(2)(3)
3-14
3-6
(1)(2)(3) (4)(5)(6)(7)(7)(8)
3-7
(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)
3-8
3-15
3-9
3-10
(1)()(2)()(3)
(1)()(2)(3)()
(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
3-16
4-1
1.
2. 17
1,000
1,000
(Rational Formula)
3.
Qp =
1
C I t50 A
360
(4.1)
Q p =( cms )C =(
18 ) I t50 = A =
( ha )
(1)( I t50 )
16
4-1
(4.2)
P
P
)2 A = (
)2
25.29 + 0.09 P
189.96 + 0.31 P
B = 55 C = (
H =(
A
I 25
c 60
(tc + B )
P
P
)2 G = (
)2
381.71 + 1.45 P
42.89 + 1.33 P
P
) 2 P =( mm ) tc =
65.33 + 1.83 P
(2)( C )
C
C C 1.0
C 4-1
(3)( t c )
19 ( tc )
tc = to + t '
(4.3)
to = l / v
(4.4)
tc =() t o =(
)() t ' =(
)()l =() ( 100
) v =( 0.3~0.6 m/sec)
4-2
4-1 C
(1)
(2)
0.75~.090
0.70~0.80
0.50~0.75
0.45~0.60
0.75~0.95
1.00
0.95
0.95
0.90
0.95
0.90
0.90
0.85
1.00
0.95
4.
Tb Q p T p
( 4-1)
Q p=
0.208 A Re
Tp
T p=
D
+ 0.6T c
2
L
H
W = 72
W
L
T b = T p + Tr = 2.67T p
(4.5)
0.6
Tc =
Re (mm) T p
( hr )Tr ( hr ) Q p ( cms )
Tc ( hr ) Tb ( hr ) L
( km ) H ( km )W
( km / h ) A ( km 2 )( Tc )
(D)(a) Tc 6hrD1hr(b)3hr Tc 6 hrD
0.8hr(c)1hr Tc 3 hrD0.4hr(d) Tc 1hrD0.15hr
Tr 1 Re 10
4-3
Re
D
D/2
0.6Tc
Qp
T
Tp
Tr
4-1
4-2
..
1.
2. 50
3.
Qs = (1 + ) Q p
(4.6)
= 5%10%
50%(2005)
4-4
4.
(1)
Qs =
A 2 / 3 1/ 2
R S
n
(4.7)
A R (= A / P P
) S n
200500 (
0.3~1.0m S1/100 30~100m
)
(4.7) n 3-1-5
4-2
Open Channel Hydraulics
n
n
4-2 n
1/ 6
Meyer-peter Muller(1948)
0.01216 d 90
Lane-carlson(1953)
0.0156 d 75
Keulegam(1949)
0.0238 d 90
Einstein(1950)
0.0132 d 65
Strickler(1923)
0.015 d50
0.0654 d50
1/ 6
1/ 6
1/ 6
1/ 6
1/ 6
(2)HEC-RAS
4-5
10
HEC-RAS
Z1 + y1 +
1V12
2g
= Z 2 + y2 +
2V22
2g
+ he
(4.8)
Z = y = =
V = he = 1 2
(4.12)HEC-RAS (standard
step method)
5.(2005)
4-6
(1)( C D )
C D=
w tan
( s w )(tan tan )
(4.9)
=
26 o ~ 48o = s = w =
0.3 ~ 0.9 C* ( C* =
0.6~0.75)
(4.9)
(4.9)
(4.9)
5~10
(2)( QD )
QD =
C*
Qp
C* C D
(4.10)
QD =( cms )
(3)( hD )
( hD )
hD = (
n D QD
B
4-7
S o1 / 2
)3 / 5
(4.11)
S o = S o tan
S o tan ( =
) n D =
n D = 0.1 ~0.06 n D = 0.06 ~0.03
n D = 0.03 B =
( DE )
(4)( U D )
UD =
1 2 / 3 1/ 2
hD S o
nD
(4.12)
(5)( DE )
( Dmax )
()
( 3-1-5 )
DE = o
CD
hd
C* C D
(4.13)
(4.14)
DE =o =
4-3
4-8
4-3
o =1.0 1.0
o =1.0 0.5
1.0
o =1.2 1.5
(Shields formula)
DS =
hw sin
( s )
DS DE
(4.15)
(4.16)
hw = =( 0.05)
( 55)(grid type open dam)
4-9
(4.17)
bop =
6.
HEC-RAS
4-3
1.(sediment yield)
(
)()(
) 4-1
2.(sediment flow-out)
4-1
3.(sediment budget)
(control volume)
4-10
()
4-2
4-3-1
USLE
1.(Universal
Soil Loss Equation USLE)
Am = Rm K m L S C P
(4.18)
Am =(/-) Rm =(106
-/--) K m =(---
/106 ---) L = S =C =
P =
2.
4-11
3.
USLE
( Rm ) EI 30 Rm
Wischmeier (1958)
30
e = 0.283
I < 76 mm hr
(4.19)
I 76 mm hr
(4.20)
e =(MJ-mm) I =
(4.21)
( R ) ( E )
4-12
( I 30 )
Rm = E I 30
(4.22)
(1996)Brown
and Foster(1987)
e = 0.29[1.00.72e
0.05 I
n
(4.23)
e = (MJ / ha-mm) en
=2.718285()
12.7mm 15 6.35mm
6
4-3-2
1.
4-13
2.
Vl = D Al
(4.24)
Vl = Al =() D =
3-3
4-3-3
1.
(bed load)
(suspended load) (
0.062 mm )(wash load)
71
qb = 0.4383 S 1.41 (q qc )
(4.25)
qc = 1.259 10 7 D1g.56 S 1
(4.26)
Dg =
2
[
]1 / 3
( / 1) g
4-14
(4.27)
Schoklitsch
qs =
2500
qc = 0.26(
S 1.5 (q qc )
s 5 / 3 Do3 / 2
)
S7/6
(4.28)
(4.29)
q b =( cms / m ) qs
( kg / sec/ m )S =(%)q =( cms / m )
qc =( cms / m ) D g =
D ( m ) D50 =
( kg / m 3 ) 2650 kg / m 3 =( kg / m 3 )
20 1000 kg / m 3 =( m 2 / sec )
20=1.010-6 m 2 / sec g= ( m / sec 2 )
g=9.8 m / sec 2 s ( N / m 3 ) ( N / m 3 )
Do ( mm ) D50
q s = qb
(4.30)
q s =( cms / m ) =(
7.09.0)
QT = (1 + ) qb B
(4.31)
Q p = QT + Q p = (1 + ) Q p
=
4-15
(4.32)
2.
(4.10)
4-4
4-4
Vs = L B H = 3 A
3Q
L (m)
B (m)
(1980)
A (km 2 )
Q
(cms)
H (m)
Vs (m 3 )
Innes
Vs = 0.0329 A
1
1.3862
Vs (m 3 )
(1983)
(1998)
A (m 2 )
Vs = 70992 A 0.61
Vs (m 3 )
Vs = 140418 A0.56 () A (km 2 )
4-3-4
1.
2. 50
3. 4-3-1
4.
4-16
5.
(4.24)
300 ()
6.
(4.10)
4-4
4-3-5
1.()
2. 50
3.
(1)
(2)
4.
(1)(4-10)
(2) 4-3
5.
4-17
4-3-6
1.
(1)
(2)(50
)
(3)
(4)
(5)()=-
+
-
2.
4-18
5-1
5-2
[()]
5-3
1.
2. 5-1
5-1
5-4
5-2
5-1
1.
5-3
6-1
1.
2.( 6-1 )
()
6-2
1.
2. 30 70
3.
4.
5.
6-1
6-1
(
)
TWD67
X
Y
6-2
()
6-3
1.
2.
()
(
)
(
)
()
()
6-3
6-4
1.
2.
6-2
3.
4.
5.( 6-3)
6-4
6-2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(1)
15
(2)
(3) 5~15
(4)
(5)
(6) 5
6.
6-5
6-3
1.
2.15 o
1.
2.
3. V 3.
4.
1.
2. 5o ~15 o
3.
4.
1.(
)
2.
5.
1.
2. 5o
3.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
1.
2.
6-5
6-6
6-6
( 6-4)
(1)
(2)
(
)
(3)
(4)
(Ecotone)
6-7
(5)
(6)
6-7
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
6-4
(1)
6-8
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
3.
6-9
6-8
6-9
6-10
1.
2.
3. 1/10,000 1/5,000
6-10
7-1
1.
2.
3.
7-2
1.
2.
7-1
7-3
1.
2.
3.
7-1
7-1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
7-2
7-1 ()
1.
2.
3.
4.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
7-3
7-1 ()
1.
2.
7-4
8-1
1.
2.
3.
8-1 8-2
8-2
1.
2. 1/10,000 1/5,000
8-1
8-1
TWD67
()
8-2
TWD67
8-2
()
9-1
9-2
9-1
10-1
(complete ratio)
1.
CR(%) =
XY
XZ
(10.1)
Z
Y
2.
3.
CR S (%) =
Sso Ss
Sso Ssp
(10.2)
Sso
( 921 ..)
Ssp
Ss
4.
10-1
CR Q (%) =
Qso Q s
Q so Q sp
(10.3)
Q so
( 921 )
Q sp Q s
5.
CR G (%) =
G so Gs
G so Gsp
(10.4)
G so
( 921 )G sp
G s
6.
(10.5)
10-2
1.(10.1) Y
CR(%) =
X Yf
XZ
(10.6)
Yf
10-2
Yf
Yf
Yf
10-3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
10-3
8.
9. 10-1
10-4
1.
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3.
(1)
10-4
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
4.
(
)
5.
20%
10-5
10-1
1.=1,320 (2006
)
2. 20 /
()
()
5 /
10 /
()
921 20
()
()()()
(
)
()
75~150 ()
200~500 350
/
(() )
(1)()
cms
(2)()
cms
(1) ()
(2)()
( 5~10%)
3000 /
==*
20%
20%
10-6
10-5
1.
(1)
A. X(%)(
10%)
X(%)
B. X%
( 50 )
X/[(1+X)50-1]
C.
D. 0.12%0.5%
0.62%
(2)
3.0%
2.
I=BC
(10.7)
I=B=C=
10-7
()
()
(
)
TWD67
X
Y
(
)
()
()
( )
( )
()
( )
( ____________ )
(m)
m
m
()________
:<10%
:10%<<30%
(30%<<80%)
(>80%)
()
()
()
()
-1
m
m
()
(
)
()
()
____________
____________(
)
()
()
______________
()
A B C D
A B C D
A
B
C
D
(
)
-2
()
()
(
)
TWD67
X
Y
(ha)
(m)
(
)
30
30~7.5
7.5
( < 10%)
()
(
)
(
)
-1
()
______________
X
Y
()
(
)
1.
15 515 5
1.
2. _______
3. _____ _______
2.
3.
____________
-2
()
(
)
1/5,000 1/25,000
GPS
-3
()
()
()
(
)
()
()
X
Y
()
()
()
()
(
)
m
m
m
m
m
m
(
)
(
)
m
m
m
m
(
)
-1
_____________
()
A 10
B 10 10~25
C 10~25
D
1.
15 515 5
1.
2.
3.
_____ _______
2.
3.
(
)
-2
()
()
()
(
)
(
)
X
Y
X
Y
X
Y
( )
( )
(
(
(
(
)
(TWD67
)
)
)
)
(
)
TM2 X
()
(
)
()
m
(
)
-1
()
()
-1
Y
(
)
()
()
93
93
(
)
1 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.1/50,000
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.1/50,000
1.1/50,000
2.
1.()
2.3.1/50,000
1.2.1/50,000
(93 )
-1
()
P = 0
(0)
P < 3
(10)
3 P < 20
(30)
20 P
(35)
B = 0
(0)
B < 3
(10)
3 B < 20
(20)
20 B
(25)
(2)
(5)
(2)
(5)
D < 1
(0)
1 D < 3
(4)
3 D < 10
(6)
10 D < 20
(8)
20 D
(10)
(10)
(6)
(3)
(0)
(2)
(3)
(5)
(93 )
(
)
1/50,000
1/25,000 GIS
3
-2
()
( )
S 15
(20)
15 < S 30
(40)
30 < S 40
(60)
40 < S 55
(80)
55 S
(100)
S=
=(-
)/
(93 )
(
)
80
20
(20)
(40)
(60)
(80)
(0)
(20)
(93 )
(
)
-3
()
5
1/50,000 1/5,000 GIS
(100)
20P < 40
(80)
40P < 60
(60)
60P < 80
(40)
80P100
(20)
P
(/
)
P20
(93 )
(
)
(Rm)
(Km) 6
-4
()
( ) 50%
Rm
( ) 50%
Km
Rm < 10000
(10)
(20)
(30)
(40)
40000 Rm
(50)
Km < 0.02
(10)
(20)
(30)
(40)
0.045 Km
(50)
(93 )
(
)
C < 0.06%
(20)
0.06% C <0.3 %
(40)
0.30% C <0.9 %
(60)
0.9% C < 4 %
(80)
4 % C
(100)
(%)=
/
(93 )
-5
()
(
)
1,420 8
20
AB
13
( 40)
46
( 60)
79
( 80)
10 ()
( 100)
A = * 30 + * 60 + * 100
B = A*
( - 20 ) + 20
100
-6
()
40
10
10
15
15
-7
()
()
-1
()
-2