23rd July, 2013.

1. The list of the writers.

Novel:

Frankenstein by Mary Shelley

Short stories:

The Nightingale and the Rose- Oscar Wilde

The Eyes Have It- Ruskin Bond
Lamb to the Slaughter-Roald Dahl

Poems:

The Fog-W.H. Davies

Wandering Singers-Sarojini Naidu
Macavity, The Mystery Cat- T.S Elliot
I Sit and Look Out W.H. Whitman

Drama:

The Proposal- Anton Chekhov

Mary Shelley (Frankenstein)

Mary Shelley

Background of the Writer

Mary Shelley was born on 30 August 1797. She passed away on 1 February
1851. She was an English novelist, short story writer, dramatist, essayist,
biographer, and travel writer, best known for her Gothic novel Frankenstein:
or, The Modern Prometheus (1818). She also edited and promoted the works
of her husband, the Romantic poet and philosopher Percy Bysshe Shelley. Her
father was the political philosopher William Godwin, and her mother was the
philosopher and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft.
5 Works of the Writer
1. Mathilda (1819)
2. Valperga; or, The Life and Adventures of Castruccio, Prince of Lucca
(1823)
3. Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1824)
4. The Last Man (1826)
5. The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck (1830)
Common Genre
In her works, Mary Shelley often used the Gothic genre.

Oscar Wilde (The Nightingale and the Rose)

Background of the Writer

Oscar Wilde's is a rich and dramatic depiction of the human during Victorian
Era of the late 19th century. He was born on October 16, 1854 and died on
November 30, 1900.He worked as playwright, novelist, poet, and editor. He
wrote many short stories, plays and poems. Although he is a talented and
versatile writer, Wilde only wrote one novel during his lifetime which is The
Picture of Dorian Gray, (1891). After writing in various genres throughout
the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early
1890s.
5 Works of the Writer
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2.
3.
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5.

A woman of no importance (play)

An ideal husband (play)
The teacher of wisdom (poem)
The selfish Giant (short story)
The devoted friend (short story)

Common Genre
Oscar Wildes major contribution is in plays. He is stared as one of the
greatest playwrights of the Victorian Era. He wrote and produced nine plays
during his lifetime.

Ruskin Bond (The Eyes Have It)

Background of the Writer

Ruskin Bond was born on 19 May 1934. He is an Indian author of British
descent. He has many short stories collection and Sahitya Academy has
given him award for his work, Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra. After that, he
was awarded the Padma Shri in 1999 for his contributions in childrens
literature. He still alive and continuing his literature works.

5 Works of the Writer

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2.
3.
4.
5.

Funny side up
Dust on the Mountain
Garland of Memories
A Season of Ghosts
The Death of Trees

Common Genre
The genre Ruskin Bond used in his literature works are narrative genre and a
slightly paranormal kind. His writing has given the chill and fear for the
readers. Besides that, Ruskin also manifests a deep love about the nature
and people. He does mesmerizing the beauty of Himalayas.

Roald Dahl (Lamb to the Slaughter)

Background of the Writer

Roald Dahl was a British novelist, short story writer, poet, fighter pilot
and screenwriter. He was born in Wales in 13 September 1916. He served in
the Royal Air Force during World War II and one of flying ace and intelligence
officer, rising to the rank of wing commander. He made his autobiography
about his time at St. Peters in Boy: Tales of Childhood. Besides that, he also
made his real experience into his third book for children, Charlie and the
Chocolate Factory in 1964. He actually began writing in 1942, after he was
transferred to Washington, D.C. as Assistant Air Attach. His very first
published work , in 1 August 1942 issue of The Saturday Evening Post, was
Shot Down Over Libya which described the crash of Closter Gladiator. In
this event, he experienced the exact incident and decided to make it into
writing. He also inspired by his own family such as The BFG that he
dedicated to his daughter; Olivia Dahl who died of measles encephalitis.
Furthermore, he has been referred to as One of The Greatest Storytellers for
Children of the 20th century. He was also mentioned in the The Times as The
50 greatest British writers since 1945 and was in 16th position in the list.
5 Works of the Writer
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2.
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4.
5.

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (1964)

Matilda (1988)
The BFG (1982)
The Witches (1983)
Fantastic Mr. Fox (1970)

Common Genre
Childrens /Adults literature (Fiction), Horror, Mystery, Fantasy

W.H Davies (The Fog)

Background of the Writer

William Henry Davies or W. H. Davies was born on 3 July 1871. He passed
away on 26 September 1940. He was a Welsh poet and writer. Davies spent a
significant part of his life as a tramp or hobo, in the United
Kingdom and United States, but became one of the most popular poets of his
time. The principal themes in his work are observations about life's
hardships, the ways in which the human condition is reflected in nature, his
own tramping adventures and the various characters he met. Davies is
usually considered one of the Georgian poets, although much of his work is
atypical of the style and themes adopted by others of the genre.
5 Works of the Writer
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The Bird of Paradise (1914)

Child Lovers (1916)
A Poet's Pilgrimage (or A Pilgrimage In Wales) (1918)
Raptures (1918)
Jewels Of Song (1930)

Common Genre
In his works, W.H Davies usually used "a genuine innocent" genre. It was like
he tried to use the styles of childlike realism, directness and simplicity.

Sarojini Naidu (Wandering Singers)

Background of the Writer

Sarojini Naidu was an India political leader. She was born on February 13,
1879 in Hyderabad, India. She is also known by the nickname as The
Nightingale of India. She was an, Indian independence activist and poet. At a
young age she wrote poetry and plays. She later studied in England, and in
1916 she met Mahatma Gandhi which sparked her interest to the fight for
Indias freedom. In 192 , this talented poet was elected as the first female
President of the India National Congress. She is also the first woman
Governor of Uttar Pradesh. Naidu died on March 02, 1949 at Lucknow, Uttar
Pradesh.
5 Works of the Writer
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2.
3.
4.
5.

The Poet's Love-Song (Poem)

The Poet To Death (poem)
Life (poem)
Indian Weavers (poem)
In The Forest (poem)

Common Genre
Her major contribution is in the field of poetry. Her poetry had beautiful
words that could also be sung. Soon she got recognition as the "Bul Bule
Hind" when her collection of poems was published in 1905 under the title
Golden Threshold. After that, she published two other collections of poems-The Bird of Time and The Broken Wings. In 1918, Feast of Youth was
published. Later, The Magic Tree, The Wizard Mask and A Treasury of Poems
were published. Mahashree Arvind, Rabindranath Tagore and Jawaharlal

Nehru were among the thousands of admirers of her work. Her poems had
English words, but an Indian soul.

T.S. Elliot (Macavity, the Mystery Cat)

Background of the Writer

Thomas Stearns Eliot was born on September 26, 1888. He lived in St. Louis
for eighteen years. He attended Harvard University. He left United States in
1910 and settled in Sorbonne. He returned to Harvard for his doctorate in
philosophy. In 1914, he returned and settled in England. A year later, he
married Vivienne-Haigh-Wood and began working in London. He first works
as a teacher then as a bank clerk for Lloyds Bank. He then became a literary
editor for a publishing house, Faber & Faber, which he later become the
director. In year 1922, he published The Waste Land that was considered
the most influential poetic work of the twentieth century. Eliot receives the
Nobel Prize for Literature in 1948. He died in London, 1965.
5 Works of the Writer
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2.
3.
4.
5.

Prufrock and Other Observations, 1917

The Waste Land, 1922
Old Possums Book of Practical Cats, 1939
Murder in Cathedral, 1935
The Family Reunion, 1939

Common Genre
He usually writes poems and plays.

W. H. Whitman (I Sit and Look Out)

Background of the Writer

Walt Whitman who writes I sit and look out is born on 31 May 1819. The
poet was born at West Hills of Huntington, Long Island. His father is Walter
Whitman, a carpenter and farmer. His ancestry was English and Dutch, mixed
with Quaker stock. He is second of eight children, Whitman grew up in
Huntington and Brooklyn, where his family moved when he was four years
old and where his father was an unsuccessful house builder. Whitman
received only an elementary school education. At the age of eleven, he was
apprenticed first to a lawyer as a clerk and then to a printer whom he
learned that trade and was introduced to journalism. Between ages sixteen
and twenty-one, he returned to the country hamlets of Long Island and
taught school. His first important post was as an editor of the New York
Aurora in 1842.

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3.
4.

Leaves of Grass (1855)

Leaves of Grass (1856)
Leaves of Grass (1860)
Franklin Evans; or, The Inebriate (1842)

5. Democratic Vistas (1871)

His favourite genre is democracy.

Anton Chekhov (The Proposal).

Background of the Writer

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was born on 29 January 1860, in a small seaport of
Taganrog, Ukraine .His father is Pavel Chekhov; was a grocer and a religious
fanaticism of Orthodox Christian. His mother is Yevgeniya, was an excellent
storyteller who entertained the children with tales of her travels all over
Russia. He actually began writing short stories while he was doing medicine
in the University of Moscow. After graduating in 1884, he worked as a
freelance writer and journalist related to comics. At the same, he also
practiced as a medical doctor throughout most of his literary career. He
made money through his writing to support himself and his family. In 1886,
he had gained wide fame as a writer. There are some examples of his works
such as Peterburskaia Gazeta in 1885 and Novoe Vremia in 1886.
Unfortunately, he was terminally ill with tuberculosis which was the cause of
his death in 15 July 1904.
5 Works of the Writer
1. The Cherry Orchard

2.
3.
4.
5.

The
The
The
The

Shooting Party (1926)

Bear (1888)
Wedding (1889)
Wood Demon (1889)

Common Genre
Plays; Fiction

Literary Devices
Literary device is a literary or linguistic technique that produces a specific effect.
Besides that it also known as the class of the language style used in writing.

Importance of Literary Devices

It especially used as to express the artistic meaning through language. We are
learning the cultures of us or other. Moreover, it helps us to understand the
message and the style of language that the writer used in their own works.