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115-NCLEX-RN Review Made Incredibly Easy, Fifth Edition (Incredibly Easy Series) - Lippincott-16083 - p101
115-NCLEX-RN Review Made Incredibly Easy, Fifth Edition (Incredibly Easy Series) - Lippincott-16083 - p101
77
TUBERCULOSIS
Key signs and symptoms
Low-grade fever
Night sweats
Lobes: 3 and 2
As a unit, the lungs are composed of three
lobes on the right side and two lobes on the
left side. The lungs regulate air exchange by
a concentration gradient. In the alveoli, gases
move from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration. Because
the concentration of CO2 is greater in the
alveoli, it diffuses out into the lungs and is
exhaled. Because the lungs contain a greater
concentration of O2, O2 diffuses out of the
lungs and into the alveoli, to be carried to the
rest of the body.
Key interventions
Treat symptoms and support the client as needed.
Maintain a patent airway.
Follow contact and airborne precautions, including use of an
N-95 respirator for all health care professionals.
Monitor vital signs and respiratory status.
Keep abreast of
diagnostic tests
Here are the most important tests used to
diagnose respiratory disorders, along with
common nursing interventions associated
with each test.
A pleur-ality of coverings
In bronchoscopy, the physician uses a bronchoscope to directly visualize the trachea and
bronchial tree. During bronchoscopy, the
physician may obtain biopsies and perform
deep tracheal suctioning.
313419NCLEX-RN_Chap04.indd 77
After any
invasive test involving
the airwaysuch
as bronchoscopy
assess respiratory
status to ensure the
clients safety.
4/8/2010 6:46:14 PM