Multiviews and Visualization

Auxiliary Views

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

Level of Education
High School Student:
Only study and think about what is given to
him/her
University/ College Student:
Study and think about what is given and what is not given to
him/her
Graduate Student and Researcher:
Only Study and think about what is not given to
him/her

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

Completing a Multiview
You should be able to develop your own customized
procedures based on the basic rule of orthographic
projection

Armin Procedure is a
systematic way to draw
the missed view in a
multiview drawing

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

ARMIN Procedure- Completing the

Multiview

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

ARMIN Procedure- Step 1

9Draw the
Blocking
Lines

Top

Front

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Side

ARMIN Procedure- Step 2

9Draw the
Miter Line

Top

Front

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Side

ARMIN Procedure- Step 3

9Label
Surfaces

Top

Front

Side

L
I

G
M

D
E

C
A

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B
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ARMIN Procedure- Step 4

9Select a
surface

Top

9Identify
this
surface in
the both
views
Front

Side

A
A
Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

ARMIN Procedure- Step 5

9 Draw the
construction
lines from
the vertices
of the
selected
surface

A
A
Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

ARMIN Procedure- Step 6

9 Mark the
intersection
points of the
construction
lines
correspondi
ng to the
surface
vertices

A
A
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ARMIN Procedure- Step 7

9 Connect the
marked
points with
straight lines

A
A
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ARMIN Procedure- Step 8

9 Control the
obtained
configuration
9 Number of
edges is
always similar
in different
views, unless
you are
viewing the
surface on
edge

99 sided planar geometry

A

9Planar geometry
99 sided planar geometry
A
A

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ARMIN Procedure- Step 9

9 If any
surface is
left, go to
step 4

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ARMIN Procedure- Result

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ARMIN Procedure- Result

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Solid Object Visualization

Combinations and Negative Solids
Face to face rule:
A flat face of one
object must joint a
flat face of the
other object

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Solid Object Visualization

Additive & Subtractive objects

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Solid Object Visualization

Using the Planar Surfaces
Cutting Plane:
A flat blade
which is
infinitely large

Oblique Cut

Normal or inclined cuts

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Solid Object Visualization

Surface Development
Cutting Plane
on a surface of
the object

Wrap or skin
around the
object

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

OR

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Multiview Visualization
Reading a drawing
To develop
mental 3D
images of the
objects from
their Multiview

Important Transformation
Pictorial

Multiview

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Multiview Visualization
Projection Study

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Multiview Visualization
Physical Model
Construction
Clay, Wax, Styrofoam

1) Cutting

the 3D
form out of a
solid block

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Multiview Visualization

1) Analysis

of
solids to divide
the object to its
basic primitives

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Adjacent Areas
Adjacent areas are surfaces which reside next to each other.
Lines are the boundaries between surfaces
Lines indicate change of the planes

No Tow Adjacent Areas Can Lie in the

Same Plane
Rule 8: Contiguous Planes
No Tow contiguous areas can
lie in the same plane

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Adjacent Areas

Given the top view

of an object,
sketch the
isometric as well
as multi view of
three possible
solutions:

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Adjacent Areas
There are infinite number of solutions!
For example:

Adjacent areas represent:

Fall2005- ENGR 3200U

Surfaces at different levels

Inclined or Oblique Surfaces
Not planar Surfaces
A Combination of above

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Surface Labelling
1) To check the
accuracy of the
multiview drawing
of a physical part
or pictorial view
2) Step 3 of ARMIN
Procedure

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Vertex Labelling
1) Additional
Checking of
multiview drawing

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Summary: Eight Rules of

Orthographic Projection
Rule 1: Alignment of Features

Every point or feature in one

view must be aligned in any
adjacent view

Rule 2: Distances in Related View

Distance between any to

points of a feature in related
views must be equal

Rule 3: True Length and Size

Features are true length or

true size when the lines of
sight are perpendicular to
the feature

Rule 4: Foreshortening
Features are foreshortened
when the lines of sight are not
perpendicular to the feature
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Summary: Eight Rules of

Orthographic Projection
Rule 5: Configuration of Planes
Areas of the same feature will always be similar from one view
to the next, unless viewed on edge

Rule 6: Edge View

Parallel features will always appear parallel in all views

Rule 7: Parallel Features

Surface that is parallel to the line of sight will appear on edge and
be represented as line

Rule 8: Contiguous Planes

No Tow contiguous areas can
lie in the same plane
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