Formulas in Math IV

Linear Function A linear function is a first

degree

equation that can be written in the form

y=mx+b

and can be written as f(x)=mx+b, where

m and b

are real numbers.

Formulas:
m=

Slope of a line:

y2 y1
x2 x1

Standard Form: Ax+By=C

Slope and y-intercept : y= mx+b
x and y- intercept:

x y
+ =1
a b

Slope and a point:

y y 1=m(x x1 )

Passing through points:

y y 1=

y 2 y 1
(xx 1)
x 2x 1

Quadratic Function A function defined by

equation

f ( x )=ax +bx +c

where a, b, and c are real

numbers and a 0

Formulas:
Vertex Form:
x/h formula:

f ( x )=a ( x h2 ) +k
b
2a

4 acb
4a

y/k formula:

f ( x )=ax 2

Vertex of the origin:

Vertex of the parabola in k unit:

f ( x )=ax 2 k
2

Vertex of the parabola in h unit:

xh
f ( x )=a

b b24 ac
2a

Nature of Zeros:

b24 ac

Discriminant:

Polynomial Function A function P that is

defined by

the equation:
n

p ( x )=an x + an1 x

where

n1

+a2 x + a1 x +a0

a0

an , an1 , a1a 0

, n ia a non-negative integer and

are real numbers.

Formulas:
Remainder Theorem:
Rational Zero Theorem:

p ( x )= ( x c ) Q ( x ) + R( x )

p
q

Exponential Function Exponential functions are

equations of the form
and

b x =a

, where

b1

Logarithmic Function the inverse of an

exponential functions,

y=2 x

is

x=2 y

. The

b>0

exponent y is called the logarithm of x to the base 2.

Written as log x= y
2

Formulas:
Logarithm of a Product:

log b xy=log b x + log b y

Logarithm of a Quotient:

log b

Logarithm of a Power:

( xy )=log xlog y
b

log b x = p log b x

Circular Function The graph of the

equation

x 2+ y 2 =1

is a circle in the rectangular coordinate

system. This

graph is called the unit circle and has its

center at
the origin and has a radius of 1 unit.

Formulas:
Degree to Radian:
Radian to Degree:

1 =

180

1radian=

180